Journal
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
Volume 275, Issue 5, Pages 444-455Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/joim.12225
Keywords
antibody; envelope glycoprotein; human immunodeficiency virus; vaccine
Categories
Funding
- European Union
- Swedish Medical Research Council
- UK Medical Research Council
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
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Despite the great advances made in controlling human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection with antiretroviral drug treatment, a safe and efficacious HIV vaccine has yet to be developed. Here, we discuss why clinical trials and vaccine development for HIV have so far been disappointing, with an emphasis on the lack of protective antibodies. We review approaches for developing appropriate HIV immunogens and the stimulation of long-lasting B-cell responses with antibody maturation. We conclude that candidate reagents in the pipeline for HIV vaccine development are unlikely to be particularly effective. Although the major funders of HIV vaccine research and development are placing increasing emphasis on clinical product development, a genuine breakthrough in preventing HIV infection through vaccines is more likely to come from novel immunogen research.
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