Article
Optics
Colin J. R. Sheppard, Marco Castello, Giorgio Tortarolo, Alessandro Zunino, Eli Slenders, Paolo Bianchini, Giuseppe Vicidomini, Alberto Diaspro
Summary: We discuss the properties of signal strength and integrated intensity in two-photon excitation confocal microscopy and image scanning microscopy. The resolution, optical sectioning, and background rejection are all improved over nonconfocal two-photon microscopy. Replacing the pinhole of confocal two-photon microscopy with a detector array increases the peak intensity of the point spread function. The outer pixels of a detector array give signals from defocused regions, and thus the processing of these, such as through subtraction, can further improve optical sectioning and background rejection.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
M. Marini, A. Nardini, R. Martinez Vazquez, C. Conci, M. Bouzin, M. Collini, R. Osellame, G. Cerullo, B. S. Kariman, M. Farsari, E. Kabouraki, M. T. Raimondi, G. Chirico
Summary: Non-linear excitation microscopy has advantages over conventional confocal techniques for in-vivo imaging, but tissue penetration can still be problematic. This study develops and tests fibroblast cell culture plano-convex microlenses for non-linear imaging of biological tissue. The microlenses can be used individually or in an array, and they provide magnified fluorescence images without substantially affecting the signal-to-noise ratio. These results pave the way for optical in-vivo inspection of biological processes using implanted micro-optics.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Veronica Rego Moraes, Maisa Oliveira Melo, Patricia M. B. G. Maia Campos
Summary: Diabetes leads to increased production of AGEs, causing irreversible damage to collagen fibers and accelerated signs of skin aging. This study aimed to evaluate diabetic skin's characteristics and compare them to healthy skin.
Article
Biology
Florian Aymanns, Chin-Lin Chen, Pavan Ramdya
Summary: This study investigates how the brain regulates complex motor behaviors by recording the activity of descending neurons in fruit flies. The researchers found that most of the recorded neurons encode walking, with fewer neurons active during grooming and resting. Additionally, some neurons were found to encode odors instead of behaviors. The study also demonstrates a method to identify individual neurons from population recordings based on their properties.
Review
Immunology
Anika Gruneboom, Oliver Aust, Zuelal Cibir, Flora Weber, Dirk M. Hermann, Matthias Gunzer
Summary: Innate immune cells play a crucial role in defense against infections and sterile inflammation, with recent advances in microscopy providing insights into their biology. Neutrophils and macrophages have protective roles during tumor growth and ischemia-reperfusion damage, but can also exacerbate diseases. Future directions include enhancing knowledge about innate immune cells and their potential applications in disease diagnostics.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Evgeniya Pankratova, Maria S. Sinitsina, Susanna Gordleeva, Victor B. Kazantsev
Summary: The study explores a mathematical model of spontaneous calcium signaling in astrocytes, predicting complex dynamics through analytical and numerical analysis of attracting sets and bifurcation theory analysis. Astrocytes exhibit a variety of complex dynamical modes, including chaos and multistability, which can modulate neuronal circuits in different ways, enhancing plasticity and flexibility.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Tugba Palabas, Andre Longtin, Dibakar Ghosh, Muhammet Uzuntarla
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that astrocytes play critical roles in regulating the proper functioning of the nervous system. This study investigates the effect of astrocytes on the spontaneous firing activity of neurons and identifies their role in inducing different firing modes and controlling irregular and bursty spiking activities.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Leah R. Narun, Rebecca E. K. Fishman, Henry J. Shulevitz, Raj N. Patel, Lee C. Bassett
Summary: Researchers have developed a method using image analysis and regression fitting to automatically identify Gaussian emitters in photoluminescence images and classify them based on their stability, shape, and intensity. They demonstrated the effectiveness of this method in nanodiamond arrays and hexagonal boron nitride flakes.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Stefano Scialla, Alessandro Loppini, Marco Patriarca, Els Heinsalu
Summary: Utilizing the FitzHugh-Nagumo equations to model the oscillatory electrical behavior of beta-cells, the study developed a coupled oscillator network model with a cubic lattice topology. It was found that the optimal ratio of hubs to nonhubs in the system is determined by the position of diversity-induced resonance maximum, with hubs having the ability to switch on and off their pacemaker function to ensure optimal oscillatory performance in response to environmental changes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mateusz Kotkowiak, Adam Piasecki
Summary: Nickel composites doped with chromium and calcium fluoride were synthesized using powder metallurgy. The friction coefficient of samples with 20% CaF2 was lower at high temperatures (600 degrees C) compared to a Ni-50%NiCr(80/20) composite. Analysis of the sample surfaces revealed the formation of a tribofilm, and wear tests showed that the presence of the tribofilm reduced wear in the frictional pair.
Letter
Oncology
Shrikant B. Mali
Summary: Intravital microscopy and optical coherency tomography are powerful imaging tools that have revolutionized cancer diagnosis and therapies. They allow for real-time observation of biological processes in vivo, providing insights into tumor behaviors. Recent developments in techniques for observing deep tissues have improved the detection of subcellular events and made these technologies indispensable in basic sciences and drug development.
Review
Neurosciences
Anthony D. Umpierre, Long-Jun Wu
Summary: Microglia are innate immune cells in the central nervous system that sense extracellular cues and exhibit dynamic structural responses in brain injuries, inflammation, and pathology. Their dynamic motility is hypothesized to be crucial for sensing local alterations and engaging in pattern-specific responses, as well as regulating neuronal activity. Emerging in vivo evidence suggests that microglia play a role in monitoring and influencing neuronal activity, with calcium signaling also playing a part in their responses to the extracellular environment in health and disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lakshmi Kothegala, Caroline Miranda, Meetu Singh, Jean-Philippe Krieger, Nikhil R. Gandasi
Summary: Recent studies have shown that increased glucagon and decreased somatostatin secretion from the pancreas play a significant role in hyperglycaemia in type-2 diabetes patients. Reliable methods to detect delta-cells and somatostatin secretion are crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of type-2 diabetes and developing potential anti-diabetic drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Carme Nolla-Colomer, Sergi Casabella-Ramon, Veronica Jimenez-Sabado, Alexander Vallmitjana, Carmen Tarifa, Adela Herraiz-Martinez, Anna Llach, Manel Tauron, Jose Montiel, Juan Cinca, S. R. Wayne Chen, Raul Benitez, Leif Hove-Madsen
Summary: The study revealed that most sparks are caused by activation of a single RyR2 cluster at baseline, while beta-adrenergic stimulation doubles the mass and the number of clusters per spark. The spark mass was also higher in patients with atrial fibrillation compared to those without.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sudhir K. Shukla, Tamilselvam Manobala, Toleti Subba Rao
Summary: This study investigates the molecular basis of biofilm formation in a recombinant strain of Deinococcus radiodurans and reveals that overexpression of SlpA and the presence of Ca2+ enhance the biofilm formation ability. These findings have significant implications for the biofilm-based biotechnological applications of D. radiodurans.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pedro A. Valdes-Hernandez, Jihye Bae, Yinchen Song, Akira Sumiyoshi, Eduardo Aubert-Vazquez, Jorge J. Riera
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Arash Moshkforoush, Pedro A. Valdes-Hernandez, Daniel E. Rivera-Espada, Yoichiro Mori, Jorge Riera
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Abhay Deshmukh, Jared Leichner, Jihye Bae, Yinchen Song, Pedro A. Valdes-Hernandez, Wei-Chiang Lin, Jorge J. Riera
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Daniele Marinazzo, Jorge J. Riera, Laura Marzetti, Laura Astolfi, Dezhong Yao, Pedro A. Valdes Sosa
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Moataz M. Mekawy, Atsushi Saito, Akira Sumiyoshi, Jorge J. Riera, Hiroaki Shimizu, Ryuta Kawashima, Teiji Tominaga
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shiyi Liu, Carolina Moncion, Jianwei Zhang, Lakshmini Balachandar, Dzifa Kwaku, Jorge J. Riera, John L. Volakis, Junseok Chae
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Austin Tuttle, Jorge Riera Diaz, Yoichiro Mori
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Maria L. Bringas Vega, Paul Nunez, Jorge Riera, Rui Zhang, Pedro A. Valdes-Sosa
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Beatriz Herrera, Amirsaman Sajad, Geoffrey F. Woodman, Jeffrey D. Schall, Jorge J. Riera
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Arash Moshkforoush, Lakshmini Balachandar, Carolina Moncion, Karla A. Montejo, Jorge Riera
Summary: Optogenetic targeting of astrocytes provides a robust experimental model to induce Ca2+ signals in vivo. A novel stochastic model incorporating a light-sensitive component ChR2 was proposed to investigate the effect of different light stimulation paradigms on astrocytes. Results predict that the specificity of ChR2 variants can significantly impact the basal Ca2+ level and spiking probability in astrocytes.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Beatriz Herrera, Jacob A. Westerberg, Michelle S. Schall, Alexander Maier, Geoffrey F. Woodman, Jeffrey D. Schall, Jorge J. Riera
Summary: This study presents a forward modeling approach for estimating mesoscopic intracranial brain sources from laminar local field potentials (LFPs) and predicts their contribution to macroscopic event-related potentials (ERP). The researchers demonstrate the accuracy of this approach using synthetic laminar neurophysiological measurements and in vivo experiments, showing that specific cortical layers generate dipoles that biophysically recapitulate the ERP component. This method serves as an important bridge between laminar microcircuitry and the patterns of EEG measured at the scalp.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Carolina Moncion, Lakshmini Balachandar, Satheesh Bojja-Venkatakrishnan, Jorge J. Riera, John L. Volakis
IEEE JOURNAL OF ELECTROMAGNETICS RF AND MICROWAVES IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Carolina Moncion, Jordana Borges, Lakshmini Balachandar, Satheesh Bojja Venkatakrishnan, Jorge Riera Diaz, John L. Volakis
2019 INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY (IWAT): SMALL ANTENNAS AND NOVEL METAMATERIALS
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Biomedical
Carolina Moncion, Satheesh Bojja-Venkatakrishnan, Jorge Riera Diaz, John L. Volakis
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2018 IEEE/MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE BIOMEDICAL CONFERENCE (IMBIOC)
(2018)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Carolina Moncion, Satheesh Bojja-Venkatakrishnan, Jorge Riera Diaz, John L. Volakis
2018 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION & USNC/URSI NATIONAL RADIO SCIENCE MEETING
(2018)