Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 209, Issue 12, Pages 2012-2016Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu009
Keywords
innate immunity; inflammation; cynomolgus macaque; highly pathogenic avian influenza; viral pathogenesis
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [T32 AI060525, U01 AI077771]
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Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection is characterized by a marked inflammatory response, but the impact of infection on dendritic cells (DCs) is unknown. We show that influenza A virus subtype H5N1 infection rapidly and profoundly impacts DCs in cynomolgus macaques, increasing the number of blood myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs by 16- and 60-fold, respectively. Infection was associated with recruitment, activation, and apoptosis of DCs in lung-draining lymph nodes; granulocyte and macrophage infiltration in lungs was also detected, together with expression of CXCL10. This degree of DC mobilization is unprecedented in viral infection and suggests a potential role for DCs in the pathogenesis of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.
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