Article
Immunology
Nikolaos K. Gatselis, Kalliopi Azariadis, Aggeliki Lyberopoulou, George N. Dalekos
Summary: The PD1.3 and IL28B rs12979860 variants are unlikely to contribute to AIH susceptibility, disease presentation, and prognosis. The IL28B rs12979860 is not associated with the presence of concurrent steatosis or steatohepatitis. However, although on-treatment response rates to immunosuppression were not affected by the IL28B rs12979860 polymorphism, AIH patients with CC homozygosity were more likely to achieve complete treatment withdrawal. This novel finding needs validation and further clarification from larger multicenter studies.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL AUTOIMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yuanyuan Jia, Xiu Zou, Wei Yue, Jin Liu, Ming Yue, Yang Liu, Li Liu, Peng Huang, Yue Feng, Xueshan Xia
Summary: The prevalence of HCV subtypes 3a and 3b is rapidly increasing in Yunnan, China, with a high level of infection attributed to increased drug use. This highlights the importance of implementing more stringent preventative and therapeutic measures to curb the spread of the virus.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Fatma Omar Khalil, Ayman Alsebaey, Zeinab Abdelaziz Kasemy, Sabry Moawad Abdelmageed, Hanan Mosaad Bedair, Shimaa Abdelsattar
Summary: The study revealed that IL28B, TLR7 SNPs, and cytomegalovirus infection are risk factors for advanced liver disease progression in hepatitis C patients. Patients with cirrhosis and HCC showed higher TLR7 genetic variability and increased cytomegalovirus infection rates.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Maria Mercedes Elizalde, Luciana Tadey, Lilia Mammana, Jorge Fabian Quarleri, Rodolfo Hector Campos, Diego Martin Flichman
Summary: This study provides new insights into the biological characteristics of HBV genotypes, showing significant differences in replication capacity and antigen expression among different genotypes. Understanding these differences may help to elucidate the differential role of genotypes in the pathogenesis of HBV.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jaiprasath Sachithanandham, Ashwin Balagopal, Julia Leep-Lazar, Jeffrey Quinn, Kenneth Bowden, Kathleen Ward, Ruy M. Ribeiro, Mark S. Sulkowski
Summary: Using single-cell methods, the proportion of HCV-infected hepatocytes significantly decreased after initiating direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), proving that the second-phase viral dynamics derive from the loss of infected cells.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Devinder Kaur, Prabhakar Kamarthy, Subhashis Das
Summary: The present study aimed to determine the effect of IL28B rs12979860 genotype on HCV viral load in the Kolar population of Karnataka, India. The results showed that patients with the GG genotype had a lower viral load compared to those with the AA genotype.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Birendra K. Padhan, Lekshmy Sathee, Santosh Kumar, Viswanathan Chinnusamy, Arvind Kumar
Summary: This study found that nitrogen is an important factor for grain yield, grain nitrogen content, and grain protein content in rice. Certain rice genotypes showed higher nitrogen remobilization efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency under N deficiency and N sufficiency conditions, respectively. Identifying these genotypes is crucial for improving nitrogen fertilizer recovery rate and site-specific nitrogen management.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Seham Mahrous Zaki, Hanan Samir Ahmed, Monkez Motieh Yousif, Eman Mohamed Awad
Summary: This study evaluated IL28B gene polymorphism and its association with sustained virological response to SOF-based therapy in Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Vladimir Reinharz, Alexander Churkin, Harel Dahari, Danny Barash
Summary: Mathematical models, including both intracellular and extracellular hepatitis C viral kinetics, have been used to study HCV-host dynamics and the efficacy of antivirals. The multiscale model, which incorporates a partial differential equation for intracellular viral RNA kinetics, poses challenges in solving the stiff governing differential equations. This study performs sensitivity analysis on model parameters and demonstrates the stability and efficiency of numerical methods in simulating HCV viral dynamics.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bulent Cakal, Bilger Cavus, Alp Atasoy, Damla Altunok, Mehves Poda, Mesut Bulakci, Mine Gulluoglu, Mehmet Demirci, Leyla Turker Sener, Asli Berru Arslan, Filiz Akyuz
Summary: This study found no significant association between IL28B rs12979860 and rs8099917 polymorphisms and clinical, histological, and virological outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C and non-viral liver diseases, as well as treatment responses in patients with chronic hepatitis C receiving DAA therapy.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND ANALYTICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ikrame Aknouch, Ines Garcia-Rodriguez, Francesca Paola Giugliano, Carlemi Calitz, Gerrit Koen, Hetty van Eijk, Nina Johannessson, Sjoerd Rebers, Lieke Brouwer, Vanesa Muncan, Koert J. J. Stittelaar, Dasja Pajkrt, Katja C. C. Wolthers, Adithya Sridhar
Summary: Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) can cause hand, foot, and mouth disease and severe neurological complications. The receptor binding protein VP1 plays a crucial role in EV-A71 infection. Amino acid changes at position 145 of VP1, specifically the presence of glutamine instead of glutamic acid, enhance viral infection in human intestinal models and may increase the risk of subsequent neuroinfection. Blocking the binding of EV-A71 to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) with low molecular weight heparin significantly reduces the infectivity of the virus.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mohamed Abd El-Fattah
Summary: The study shows that polymorphisms near the IL-28B gene in the Egyptian population are associated with predicting the outcome of hepatitis C genotype 4 (HCV-GT4). Carriers of the CC genotype are more likely to resist HCV infection, clear the virus spontaneously, and achieve sustained virologic response under interferon treatment.
CLINICS AND RESEARCH IN HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Takahiro Sanada, Yasunori Oda, Chinatsu Ohashi, Kentaro Isotani, Yasumasa Goh, Michinori Kohara
Summary: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is effective, but there are challenges in achieving optimal protection in certain groups and preventing vaccine escape mutants. A yeast-derived hybrid LHBs (hy-LHBs) antigen shows promise as a candidate antigen for an improved HBV vaccine.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Khalid S. Hassanien, El-Sayed M. El-Sayed, Raed S. Ismail, Zakarya M. Zakarya, Gouda K. Helal
Summary: The study revealed that the IL28B genotype plays a significant role in predicting the response to Sofosbuvir plus Daclatasvir in patients, with CC genotype patients showing higher sustained virological response rates and lower rates of relapse and non-response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY AND THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bulent Cakal, Bilger Cavus, Alp Atasoy, Damla Altunok, Mehves Poda, Mesut Bulakci, Mine Gulluoglu, Mehmet Demirci, Leyla Turker Sener, Asli Berru Arslan, Filiz Akyuz
Summary: The presence of the IL28B rs8099917 G allele in CHB patients might be associated with the risk of developing cirrhosis and virological unresponsiveness to NAs treatments.
NORTHERN CLINICS OF ISTANBUL
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Annika Bergquist, Tobias J. Weismueller, Cynthia Levy, Christian Rupp, Deepak Joshi, Jeremy Shanika Nayagam, Aldo J. Montano-Loza, Ellina Lytvyak, Ewa Wunsch, Piotr Milkiewicz, Roman Zenouzi, Christoph Schramm, Nora Cazzagon, Annarosa Floreani, Ingalill Friis Liby, Miriam Wiestler, Heiner Wedemeyer, Taotao Zhou, Christian P. Strassburg, Eirini Rigopoulou, George Dalekos, Manasa Narasimman, Xavier Verhelst, Helena Degroote, Mette Vesterhus, Andreas E. Kremer, Bennet Buendgens, Fredrik Rorsman, Emma Nilsson, Kristin Kaasen Jorgensen, Erik von Seth, Martin Cornillet Jeannin, Nils Nyhlin, Harry Martin, Stergios Kechagias, Kristine Wiencke, Marten Werner, Benedetta Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli, Marco Marzioni, Helena Isoniemi, Johanna Arola, Agnes Wefer, Jonas Soderling, Martti Farkkila, Henrike Lenzen
Summary: This study compares different follow-up strategies in patients with PSC and finds that scheduled imaging can improve survival. There are considerable variations in follow-up strategies across centers, but multiple factors may contribute to this result.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nelli Sjoblom, Sonja Boyd, Anniina Manninen, Sami Blom, Anna Knuuttila, Martti Farkkila, Johanna Arola
Summary: A study found that measuring the cytokeratin 7 (K7) load in liver samples using an artificial intelligence (AI) model can serve as an efficient surrogate marker to evaluate disease progression in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). The K7-AI model 2.0 was more accurate in predicting the compound endpoint compared to other serum markers and pathological evaluations, and it also provided additional variables that cannot be measured by human pathologists.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Yoh Iwasa, Rena Hayashi
Summary: This study presents a simple model that couples social and epidemiological dynamics, revealing the relationship between people's activities and waves of infection. The model shows different oscillation patterns and variations, as well as the control conditions of infection.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biology
Yoh Iwasa, Sachi Yamaguchi
Summary: Marine animals exhibit diverse and flexible sexual systems. This review focuses on theoretical studies in the last decade, highlighting advancements in understanding sex change in coral fishes, diverse sexual patterns in barnacles, larval production strategies, and temperature-based sex determination in fish and reptiles. The game model provides a valuable framework to comprehend the diversity of sexual patterns, considering various constraints and incorporating physiological and molecular mechanisms.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Trauner, Chuhan Chung, Kate Sterling, Xiangyu Liu, Xiaomin Lu, Jun Xu, Clare Tempany-Afdhal, Zachary D. Goodman, Martti Faerkkilae, Atsushi Tanaka, Palak Trivedi, Kris V. Kowdley, Christopher L. Bowlus, Cynthia Levy, Robert P. Myers
Summary: This article presents the background of PSC and the design and implementation of the phase 3 PRIMIS trial, which aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cilofexor in noncirrhotic patients with large-duct PSC. The primary objective is to assess whether cilofexor reduces the risk of fibrosis progression compared with placebo.
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Yoh Iwasa
Summary: We reviewed mathematical models and concepts in developmental biology, including the feedback vertex set in ascidian embryos, tissue deformation in chick limb bud formation, mechanobiology and its impact on cell shape and gene expression, and the adaptive design of development in response to fluctuating environments.
DEVELOPMENT GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sachin Wani, Dag Holmberg, Giola Santoni, Joonas H. Kauppila, Martti Farkkila, My von Euler-Chelpin, Nicholas J. Shaheen, Jesper Lagergren
Summary: A significant number of esophageal adenocarcinoma cases are diagnosed within a year after an ostensibly negative upper endoscopy in patients with newly diagnosed Barrett's esophagus. Interventions to improve detection rates and reduce post-endoscopy esophageal adenocarcinoma and neoplasia are needed.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Panu K. Luukkonen, Martti Farkkila, Antti Jula, Veikko Salomaa, Satu Mannisto, Annamari Lundqvist, Markus Perola, Fredrik Aberg
Summary: This study investigates the association between genetic variants, abdominal obesity, alcohol use and incident liver disease (ILD). Variants in genes such as PNPLA3, IFNL4, and TM6SF2 are found to be associated with ILD. Genetic risk scores (GRSs) calculated from these variants are exponentially associated with ILD, while not associated with waist-hip ratio (WHR) or alcohol use. The risk of ILD in individuals with high GRS and high WHR or alcohol use is increased by up to 90-fold.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yoh Iwasa, Sou Tomimoto, Akiko Satake
Summary: Genomic sequencing reveals that somatic mutations cause genetic differentiation of cells within a single tree. A mathematical model for stem cell proliferation in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) was studied. Phylogenetic distance between cells sampled from different parts of a shoot was evaluated, indicating genetic differences due to mutations accumulated during shoot elongation. The tissue's cell walls suppress cell location exchange, resulting in genetic differentiation according to shoot angle and increased genetic variance among cells.
Article
Biology
Rena Hayashi, Yoh Iwasa
Summary: A high mutation rate of the RNA virus can result in the emergence of novel mutants that may evade the immunity of the original strain. However, many of these mutants go extinct due to the stochasticity of initial infected cell numbers. This study examines the impact of escaping host immune reactions and concludes that the chance of a mutant strain being established decreases with time since the wild-type infection.
BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fredrik Aberg, Kustaa Saarinen, Antti Jula, Annamari Lundqvist, Terhi Vihervaara, Iris Erlund, Martti Farkkila
Summary: This study evaluated the predictive performance of a combination of liver fibrosis assessment, phenotype profile, and genetic risk in predicting liver-related outcomes. The combination of the chronic liver disease risk score and the enhanced liver fibrosis test significantly improved the predictive performance compared to the enhanced liver fibrosis test alone. The addition of the polygenic risk score did not significantly increase the predictive performance.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dag Holmberg, Giola Santoni, My von Euler-Chelpin, Martti Farkkila, Joonas H. Kauppila, John Maret-Ouda, Eivind Ness-Jensen, Jesper Lagergren
Summary: Patients with non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease have a similar incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma as the general population.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Samer Al-Dury, Jesper Waldenstrom, Johan Ringlander, Sigrun Einarsdottir, Markus Andersson, Hevar Hamah Saed, Johan Waern, Anna Martner, Kristoffer Hellstrand, Martin Lagging
Summary: This study investigated the impact of repeated vaccination and hybrid immunity on antibody levels in immunosuppressed patients. The results showed that immunosuppressed patients achieved antibody levels comparable to controls after receiving three doses of the vaccine. Hybrid immunity resulted in approximately 10-fold higher antibody levels than vaccine-induced immunity alone in all study cohorts.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Correction
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kustaa Saarinen, Martti Faerkkilae, Antti Jula, Iris Erlund, Terhi Vihervaara, Annamari Lundqvist, Fredrik Aberg
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fredrik Aberg, Martti Farkkila, Veikko Salomaa, Antti Jula, Satu Mannisto, Markus Perola, Annamari Lundqvist, Ville Mannisto
Summary: Öberg et al. evaluated the predictive performance of obesity measures, including waist-hip ratio, waist circumference, and BMI, for liver-related outcomes in participants of Finnish health surveys. They found that waist-hip ratio is a better predictor for liver-related outcomes than other measures and synergizes with harmful alcohol use.
COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE
(2023)
