Article
Virology
Zoltan Vajo, Gergely Balaton, Peter Vajo, Peter Torzsa
Summary: The results of the study indicate that using a whole virion vaccine with aluminum phosphate adjuvants can reduce the dose of viral hemagglutinin in pediatric and adolescent patients while maintaining immunogenicity, safety, and tolerability.
Article
Virology
Han Zhang, Huaguo Zheng, Peng Guo, Liuyi Hu, Zihao Wang, Jiuru Wang, Ying Ju, Songdong Meng
Summary: The study demonstrates that intradermal immunization with gp96-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine can induce cross-protection against group 1 and group 2 influenza A viruses. The activation of cross-reactive CD8(+) T cell response by gp96 is essential in providing broader protection. The unique adjuvant properties of gp96 make it a promising candidate for designing new broad-spectrum influenza vaccines.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Walter E. P. Beyer, Abraham M. Palache, Mimoun Boulfich, Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus
Summary: In older adults, the use of adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) can increase antibody levels by up to 1.5-fold compared to standard aqueous IIV. Setting a threshold of 1.5 may indicate superiority of adjuvanted vaccine formulations, although the clinical relevance of this increase remains a topic of debate.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shilei Wang, Zhiqiang Xie, Lili Huang, Xu Zhou, Jian Luo, Yuelian Yang, Changgui Li, Peng Duan, Wenting Xu, Dandan Chen, Bing Wu, Yongli Yang, Xueying Liu, Yanxia Wang, Zhenghong Yuan, Di Qu, Ze Chen, Shengli Xia
Summary: The alum-adjuvanted H7N9 whole-virion inactivated vaccine was found to be safe and highly immunogenic in a population aged >= 12 years in China. After receiving two doses of the 7.5-mg vaccine, 98.2% of participants achieved an HI titre of >= 40, with a geometric mean titre of 192.6.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sara H. Mahmoud, Ahmed A. Khalil, Noura M. Abo Shama, Marwa F. El Sayed, Reem A. Soliman, Naglaa M. Hagag, Nahed Yehia, Mahmoud M. Naguib, Abdel-Sattar Arafa, Mohamed A. Ali, Mounir M. El-Safty, Ahmed Mostafa
Summary: Controlling avian influenza viruses (AIVs) is mainly done through culling infected bird flocks or using inactivated vaccines. New avian influenza virus subtypes have been reported in Egypt, calling for an updated vaccine. In this study, three H5Nx vaccines were generated using reverse genetic system, and their immunogenicity and cross-reactivity were assessed. The results showed that rgH5N1_2.3.4.4 vaccine induced high immunogenicity and provided efficient protection against different H5Nx HPAIVs.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jiang Qian, Matthew P. Donohue, Thomas Bowen, Ying Zhang
Summary: The potency of inactivated influenzaviral vaccines is currently assessed using the SRID method. However, the time delay in producing the necessary reagents for SRID can be problematic. The LTD-IDMS method, which does not require antisera or reference antigens, has shown comparable results to SRID. In this study, a streamlined improvement to the LTD-IDMS method is demonstrated, saving time and labor in the sample preparation process.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Karen J. Hager, Gonzalo Perez Marc, Philipe Gobeil, Ricardo S. Diaz, Gretchen Heizer, Conrado Llapur, Alexander I. Makarkov, Eduardo Vasconcellos, Stephane Pillet, Fernando Riera, Pooja Saxena, Priscila Geller Wolff, Kapil Bhutada, Garry Wallace, Hessam Aazami, Christine E. Jones, Fernando P. Polack, Luciana Ferrara, Judith Atkins, Iohann Boulay, Jiwanjeet Dhaliwall, Nathalie Charland, Manon M. J. Couture, Julia Jiang-Wright, Nathalie Landry, Sophie Lapointe, Aurelien Lorin, Asif Mahmood, Lawrence H. Moulton, Emily Pahmer, Julie Parent, Annie Seguin, Luan Tran, Thomas Breuer, Maria-Angeles Ceregido, Marguerite Koutsoukos, Francois Roman, Junya Namba, Marc-Andre D'Aoust, Sonia Trepanier, Yosuke Kimura, Brian J. Ward
Summary: The CoVLP+AS03 vaccine showed efficacy in preventing Covid-19 caused by different variants, with efficacy ranging from 69.5% against symptomatic infection to 78.8% against moderate-to-severe disease.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Van Hung Nguyen, Bertrand Roy
Summary: Approximately 12,000 people are hospitalized with influenza in Canada annually. Vaccination is the most effective method for reducing the burden of seasonal influenza, but egg-adaption in the vaccine propagation process may lead to reduced effectiveness. Cell-based propagation methods could be more effective. Through modeling, it was found that cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVc) + adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine (aTIV) resulted in the greatest reductions in cases, hospitalizations, and mortality and was cost-effective in all simulations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kuruppu Arachchillage Praboda Priyangi Kuruppuarachchi, Yunyueng Jang, Sang Heui Seo
Summary: This study demonstrates that a single dose of oil-adjuvanted inactivated H5N6 vaccine can induce a long-lasting immune response against both H5N6 and H5N1 infections in chickens.
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mahrukh Imran, Joan Puig-Barbera, Justin R. Ortiz, Lauren Fischer, Dan O'Brien, Machaon Bonafede, James A. Mansi, Constantina Boikos
Summary: This study assessed the relative vaccine effectiveness of adjuvanted influenza vaccine (aIIV3) compared to egg-derived quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4e) and high-dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-IIV3) in preventing influenza-related medical encounters in older adults. The results showed that older adults vaccinated with aIIV3 had fewer influenza-related medical encounters compared to those vaccinated with IIV4e or HD-IIV3 during the 2019-2020 US influenza season.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kenneth E. Schmader, Christine K. Liu, Brendan Flannery, Wes Rountree, Heidi Auerbach, Elizabeth D. Barnett, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Christopher A. Todd, Marek Poniewierski, Mary A. Staat, Theresa Harrington, Rongxia Li, Karen R. Broder, Emmanuel B. Walter
Summary: This study compared the antibody titers of different strains of influenza after the administration of adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine (aIIV) and high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-IIV) in older adults. The results showed no significant differences in immune responses between the two vaccines, but the seroconversion rate for the H3N2 strain was lower for aIIV compared to HD-IIV.
Article
Immunology
Hyo Jung Nam, Sung Jun Hong, Ara Lee, Jiyeon Kim, Sangho Lee, Corey Casper, Darrick Carter, Steven G. Reed, George Simeon, Eui-Cheol Shin
Summary: This study evaluated the immunogenicity of a newly formulated gE protein-based HZ vaccine in an older population. The results showed that the vaccine generated immune responses comparable to those elicited by Shingrix in young mice and produced stronger immune responses in aged mice. Additionally, the T-cell responses induced by the vaccine lasted up to 5 months after immunization.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kenneth E. Schmader, Christine K. Liu, Theresa Harrington, Wes Rountree, Heidi Auerbach, Emmanuel B. Walter, Elizabeth D. Barnett, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Chris A. Todd, Marek Poniewierski, Mary A. Staat, Patricia Wodi, Karen R. Broder
Summary: A randomized blinded clinical trial compared the safety, reactogenicity, and changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores between trivalent adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine (aIIV3) and trivalent high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-IIV3) in adults aged 65 years and older. The study found that both vaccines showed similar safety profiles and HRQOL effects, supporting the use of either vaccine to prevent influenza in older adults.
Article
Immunology
Christine M. Oshansky, James King, Di Lu, James Zhou, Corrina Pavetto, Gary Horwith, Karen Biscardi, Bai Nguyen, John J. Treanor, Li-Mei Chen, Brett Jepson, Rick A. Bright, Robert A. Johnson, Vittoria Cioce, Ruben O. Donis
Summary: The study reported on the safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant influenza vaccine derived from highly pathogenic A(H7N9) virus in healthy adults. Most study groups met the FDA licensure criterion, with high seroprotection rate, and showed high cross-reactivity to heterologous viruses from the first epidemic wave of 2013.
Article
Immunology
Dmitri Kazmin, Elizabeth A. A. Clutterbuck, Giorgio Napolitani, Amanda L. L. Wilkins, Andrea Tarlton, Amber J. J. Thompson, Emmanuele Montomoli, Guilia Lapini, Smiti Bihari, Rachel White, Claire Jones, Matthew D. D. Snape, Ushma Galal, Ly-Mee Yu, Rino Rappuoli, Giuseppe Del Giudice, Andrew J. J. Pollard, Bali Pulendran
Summary: This study conducted a systematic analysis of immune responses to the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine adjuvanted with MF-59 in pediatric and adult populations. The results showed that primary vaccination induced a persistent innate immune response, while booster vaccination enhanced the memory-like innate response. Additionally, the study identified transcriptional signatures associated with reactogenicity and immunogenicity in infants.
Letter
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xavier Montagutelli, Sylvie van der Werf, Felix A. Rey, Etienne Simon-Loriere
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has substitutions in the receptor binding domain of the spike protein, indicating its potential to infect rodents. The existence of wild animal reservoirs could facilitate the emergence of new variants with the risk of transmission to humans, and therefore should be closely monitored.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Colin Deschanvres, Jacques Reynes, Isabelle Lamaury, David Rey, Romain Palich, Firouze Bani-Sadr, Olivier Robineau, Claudine Duvivier, Laurent Hocqueloux, Lise Cuzin, Veronique Joly, Francois Raffil, Andre Cabie, Clotilde Allavena
Summary: Maintenance ART with dolutegravir-based dual regimens has shown efficacy in HIV-1infected subjects, but real-life data are limited. In this study, virological failure and resistance-associated mutations were assessed in dolutegravir maintenance regimens. Results indicated that careful virological screening is essential before switching to dolutegravir maintenance regimens in virologically suppressed patients.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
A. Jayk Bernal, M. M. Gomes da Silva, D. B. Musungaie, E. Kovalchuk, A. Gonzalez, V Delos Reyes, A. Martin-Quiros, Y. Caraco, A. Williams-Diaz, M. L. Brown, J. Du, A. Pedley, C. Assaid, J. Strizki, J. A. Grobler, H. H. Shamsuddin, R. Tipping, H. Wan, A. Paschke, J. R. Butterton, M. G. Johnson, C. De Anda
Summary: This study found that early treatment with molnupiravir reduced the risk of hospitalization or death in at-risk, unvaccinated adults with Covid-19.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chris Wymant, Daniela Bezemer, Francois Blanquart, Luca Ferretti, Astrid Gall, Matthew Hall, Tanya Golubchik, Margreet Bakker, Swee Hoe Ong, Lele Zhao, David Bonsall, Mariateresa de Cesare, George MacIntyre-Cockett, Lucie Abeler-Doerner, Jan Albert, Norbert Bannert, Jacques Fellay, M. Kate Grabowski, Barbara Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Pia Kivela, Roger D. Kouyos, Oliver Laeyendecker, Laurence Meyer, Kholoud Porter, Matti Ristola, Ard van Sighem, Ben Berkhout, Paul Kellam, Marion Cornelissen, Peter Reiss, Christophe Fraser
Summary: A highly virulent variant of subtype-B HIV-1 was discovered in the Netherlands. Infected individuals with this variant had significantly higher viral loads and faster decline in CD4 cells compared to other subtype-B strains. The increased virulence is attributed to the viral strain, and the variant emerged in the 1990s with increased transmissibility and an unfamiliar molecular mechanism of virulence.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nolwenn Hall, Clotilde Allavena, Christine Katlama, Alexandra Jobert, Jean-Michel Molina, Eric Cua, Firouze Bani-Sadr, Laurent Hocqueloux, Claudine Duvivier, Dominique Merrien, Hitoto Hikombo, Elisabeth Andre-Garnier, Aurelie Gaultier, Francois Raffi
Summary: In this study, researchers assessed the efficacy and safety of RAL 1200mg once daily as a maintenance therapy option for HIV-1 infected individuals. The results showed that RAL 1200mg qd effectively maintained viral suppression in HIV-1 infected individuals who were already on stable antiretroviral therapy. Furthermore, the treatment was well-tolerated and resulted in improved lipid profile and patient-reported outcomes.
AIDS RESEARCH AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maud Lemoine, Lambert Assoumou, Pierre-Marie Girard, Marc Antoine Valantin, Christine Katlama, Stephane De Wit, Pauline Campa, Hayette Rougier, Jean-Luc Meynard, Coca Necsoi, Anja D. Huefner, Jan Van Luzen, Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch, Jean-Philippe Bastard, Soraya Fellahi, Stefan Mauss, Metodi V. Stankov, Axel Baumgarten, Gerrit Post, Lawrence Serfaty, Vlad Ratziu, Yves Menu, Jerome Schlue, Pierre Bedossa, Jacqueline Capeau, Dominique Costagliola, Georg Behrens, Patrick Ingiliz
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of liver steatosis and advanced fibrosis (AF) in HIV-monoinfected patients at risk of NAFLD. The results showed that two-thirds of the HIV-monoinfected patients with NAFLD had liver steatosis, and around 10% had advanced fibrosis. The CAP technique was accurate for screening steatosis in this population.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Clotilde Allavena, Hubert Blain, Xian Abulizi, Laurence Slama, Christine Katlama, Pierre Delobel, Vanessa Rio, Carole Cagnot, Mariem Raho-Moussa, Alain Makinson, Laurence Meyer
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of frailty in people aged 70 years or older with HIV who were on antiretroviral treatment. The results showed a low prevalence of frailty (13.5%) and a high prevalence of prefrailty (63.3%) in this population. Age, low socioeconomic status, and multimorbidities were associated with frailty. These findings highlight the importance of targeting these factors to promote successful aging in older individuals with HIV.
Article
Immunology
Laura Waters, Lambert Assoumou, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Stefano Rusconi, Pere Domingo, Mark Gompels, Stephane de Wit, Francois Raffi, Christoph Stephan, Mar Masia, Jurgen Rockstroh, Christine Katlama, Georg M. N. Behrens, Graeme Moyle, Margaret Johnson, Julie Fox, Hans-Jurgen Stellbrink, Giovanni Guaraldi, Eric Florence, Stefan Esser, Jose M. Gatell, Anton Pozniak, Esteban Martinez
Summary: In the NEAT022 trial, virologically suppressed HIV patients at high cardiovascular risk switching from protease inhibitors to dolutegravir showed noninferior virological suppression and significant reductions in lipid and cardiovascular disease risk, regardless of immediate or delayed switching.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Romain Palich, Rachid Agher, Dimoke J. Wetshikoy, Lise Cuzin, Sophie Seang, Cathia Soulie, Roland Tubiana, Marc-Antoine Valantin, Luminita Schneider, Valerie Pourcher, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, Lambert Assoumou, Christine Katlama
Summary: This study aims to explore the differences in antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescriptions between naive and virally suppressed HIV patients born in France and Sub-Saharan Africa. The findings suggest that the differences in ART prescriptions between these two groups cannot solely be explained by different clinical and virologic situations.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Peter J. Slavish, Maxime G. Cuypers, Mary Ashley Rimmer, Alireza Abdolvahabi, Trushar Jeevan, Gyanendra Kumar, Jamie A. Jarusiewicz, Sivaraja Vaithiyalingam, Jeremy C. Jones, John J. Bowling, Jeanine E. Price, Rebecca M. DuBois, Jaeki Min, Richard J. Webby, Zoran Rankovic, Stephen W. White
Summary: Influenza is a major cause of disease-related deaths globally. Strategies to inhibit influenza virus replication have resulted in the emergence of resistant strains. Baloxavir marboxil, a recently approved compound, is significantly less effective due to a mutation in the active site of the target enzyme. Raltegravir, an HIV inhibitor, shows moderate activity against the enzyme. In this study, researchers used structure-guided approaches to design molecules that effectively target the enzyme's active site and successfully developed potent inhibitors for both wild-type and baloxavir-resistant forms.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sophie Grabar, Valerie Potard, Lionel Piroth, Sophie Abgrall, Louis Bernard, Clotilde Allavena, Fabienne Caby, Pierre de Truchis, Claudine Duvivier, Patricia Enel, Christine Katlama, Marie-Aude Khuong, Odile Launay, Sophie Matheron, Giovanna Melica, Hugues Melliez, Jean-Luc Meynard, Juliette Pavie, Laurence Slama, Sylvie Bregigeon, Pierre Tattevin, Jacqueline Capeau, Dominique Costagliola
Summary: Many studies have found that starting an integrase strand-transfer inhibitor-based regimen for HIV-positive individuals who have not previously received antiretroviral therapy can lead to weight gain. This study examined the impact of early or advanced HIV disease progression and the specific drugs used in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on weight changes. The results showed that individuals with advanced disease progression experienced greater weight gain compared to those with early disease progression. The choice of antiretroviral drugs should take into account the risk of weight gain, particularly for patients with advanced disease or obesity.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kuang-Yu Chen, Jayaprakash Karuppusamy, Mary B. O'Neill, Vaitea Opuu, Mathieu Bahin, Sophie Foulon, Pablo Ibanez, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Tatsuhiko Ozawa, Sylvie van der Werf, Philippe Nghe, Nadia Naffakh, Andrew Griffiths, Catherine Isel
Summary: Using a high-throughput single-cell droplet microfluidic system, researchers have quantitatively studied influenza viruses and found that genetic reassortment is non-random. They accurately predicted the fraction of pairwise segments and full genotypes and discovered that a large proportion of reassortant genotypes can emerge upon coinfection and be detected at different frequencies, highlighting the importance of systematic and exhaustive monitoring of the reassortment potential of influenza viruses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lise Cuzin, Philippe Flandre, Clotilde Allavena, Romain Palich, Claudine Duvivier, Agathe Becker, Helene Laroche, Pascal Pugliese, Andre Cabie, Dat'AIDS Study Grp
Summary: This study analyzed the occurrence of virological failure (VF) in patients starting ART with an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based regimen in recent years and its relationship with previous episodes of low-level viral load (LLVL). The results showed that LLVL was associated with VF, and even in the absence of subsequent failure, LLV episodes have a cost. Therefore, any viral load value above 50 copies/mL should lead to enhanced adherence counseling.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Djeneba B. Fofana, Houdou Diarra, Ibrahima Guindo, Mahamadou K. Savadogo, Marceline d'Almeida, Fatoumata I. Diallo, Aliou Balde, Cathia Soulie, Amadou Kone, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, Almoustapha I. Maiga, Sidonie Lambert-Niclot, Mamoudou Maiga, Sally McFall, Claudia A. Hawkins, Robert L. Murphy, Mariam Sylla, Christine Katlama, Jane L. Holl, Vincent Calvez, Laurence Morand-Joubert
Summary: Limited data exist on INI resistance in children living with HIV/AIDS in West Africa. A study was conducted on HIV-1-infected children in Benin and Mali, and it was found that no major INI resistance mutations were detected in INI-naive patients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fabienne Marcellin, Sylvie Bregigeon-Ronot, Clemence Ramier, Camelia Protopopescu, Camille Gilbert, Vincent Di Beo, Claudine Duvivier, Morgane Bureau-Stoltmann, Eric Rosenthal, Linda Wittkop, Dominique Salmon-Ceron, Patrizia Carrieri, Philippe Sogni, Tangui Barre
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of moderate-to-severe depression in people living with HIV and HCV after successful HCV treatment, and identify associated socio-behavioral factors. Through descriptive and logistic regression analyses of data from 398 participants, it was found that 23.9% of HCV-cured individuals had moderate-to-severe depression. Female sex, unhealthy alcohol use, sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthy eating behaviors were associated with increased odds of moderate-to-severe depression.