Article
Infectious Diseases
Francesco Pellegrini, Michele Camero, Cristiana Catella, Giuseppe Fracchiolla, Sabina Sblano, Giovanni Patruno, Claudia Maria Trombetta, Michela Galgano, Annamaria Pratelli, Maria Tempesta, Vito Martella, Gianvito Lanave
Summary: Norovirus (NoV) is a common cause of acute gastrointestinal illness worldwide, and there is currently no in vitro cell culture system for studying human NoV. This study used cultivatable caliciviruses as surrogates to evaluate antivirals. Lemon essential oil (LEO) was found to have virucidal efficacy against FCV in vitro.
Article
Virology
Irene A. Owusu, Karla D. Passalacqua, Carmen Mirabelli, Jia Lu, Vivienne L. Young, Myra Hosmillo, Osbourne Quaye, Ian Goodfellow, Vernon K. Ward, Christiane E. Wobus
Summary: Akt activation plays a role in the late stage of murine norovirus infection, affecting viral replication, assembly, and cellular egress in a strain-dependent manner.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liya Hu, Wilhelm Salmen, Rong Chen, Yi Zhou, Frederick Neill, James E. Crowe, Robert L. Atmar, Mary K. Estes, B. V. Venkataram Prasad
Summary: This study reveals the structure and features of human norovirus GII.4 virus-like particles using X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM. It uncovers the adaptability and stability of the capsid protein VP1, as well as its potential antigen presentation mechanism, providing valuable insights for vaccine development.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Israa M. A. Mohamed, Dulamjav Jamsransuren, Sachiko Matsuda, Haruko Ogawa, Yohei Takeda
Summary: This study evaluated the virucidal efficacy of theaflavins (TFs)-enriched tea leaf extract against feline calicivirus and murine norovirus. The extract reduced the viral titer of both viruses in a time- and dosage-dependent manner, and exhibited virucidal activity on dry surfaces. Multiple compounds in the extract contributed to its overall antiviral activity. Furthermore, the extract was found to disrupt the structures of viral particles.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Amy H. Fitzpatrick, Agnieszka Rupnik, Helen O'Shea, Fiona Crispie, Sinead Keaveney, Paul D. Cotter
Summary: By benchmarking bioinformatic pipelines, this study provides standardized methods for analyzing high-throughput sequencing (HTS) data sets, specifically focused on norovirus. These recommendations can be widely applied during outbreak investigations. Different bioinformatic pipelines and classifiers were compared using simulated sequencing data, with VSEARCH and the RDP classifier being recommended for optimal analysis and classification of norovirus amplicon HTS data.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Gianvito Lanave, Alessio Buonavoglia, Francesco Pellegrini, Barbara Di Martino, Federica Di Profio, Georgia Diakoudi, Cristiana Catella, Ahmed H. Omar, Violetta I. Vasinioti, Roberta Cardone, Giacinto Santo, Vito Martella, Michele Camero
Summary: Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious and genetically variable viral pathogen in domestic cats, causing upper respiratory tract disease, oral ulcerations, salivation, and gingivitis-stomatitis. In this study, a small outbreak of FCV infection in two household cats was monitored, and the complete genome sequencing revealed multiple nucleotide mutations. The findings suggest that a respiratory-origin FCV strain transmitted between the animals and retained the limping disease pathotype.
Article
Immunology
Emily W. Helm, Amy M. Peiper, Matthew Phillips, Caroline G. Williams, Michael B. Sherman, Theresa Kelley, Hong Q. Smith, Sorin O. Jacobs, Dhairya Shah, Sarah M. Tatum, Neha Iyer, Marco Grodzki, Joyce C. Morales C. Aparicio, Elizabeth A. Kennedy, Mikayla S. Manzi, Megan T. Baldridge, Thomas J. Smith, Stephanie M. Karst
Summary: Noroviruses are a major cause of severe childhood diarrhea and foodborne disease worldwide. However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying norovirus diarrhea are poorly understood due to the lack of animal models. By studying a mouse model, researchers have found that the virulence of noroviruses is regulated by the responsiveness of the viral capsid to environmental cues, which affects receptor binding and infectivity. This study provides a link between environmentally-influenced biophysical features and the severity of norovirus disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Carmen Mirabelli, Melissa K. Jones, Vivienne L. Young, Abimbola O. Kolawole, Irene Owusu, Mengrou Shan, Basel Abuaita, Holly Turula, Jose G. Trevino, Irina Grigorova, Steven K. Lundy, Costas A. Lyssiotis, Vernon K. Ward, Stephanie M. Karst, Christiane E. Wobus
Summary: Research found that primary B cells are susceptible to HNoV infection and the NS1 protein can alter B cell activation and metabolism, suggesting important implications for viral pathogenesis and immune responses.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jian Huang, Yunjia Liu, Yuwei He, Xiaonong Yang, Yan Li
Summary: In this study, two sensitive and visual assays for feline calicivirus (FCV) nucleic acid detection were developed based on RPA reaction and CRISPR-Cas13a trans-cleavage activity. These assays showed high reliability and efficiency in both validation experiments and clinical specimen detection.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lauren A. Ford-Siltz, Samantha Wales, Kentaro Tohma, Yamei Gao, Gabriel Parra
Summary: This study tested the suitability of human intestinal enteroids as a system to study norovirus neutralization and found that hyperimmune sera showed highly specific neutralization activity against different genotypes of noroviruses.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Alexandra Gobeil, Behnoush Maherani, Monique Lacroix
Summary: This article discusses the efficacy of natural antimicrobials and cold treatment technologies in eliminating norovirus on the surface of fresh food.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shinako Inaida, Atsushi Mizukoshi, Kenich Azuma, Jiro Okumura
Summary: During the COVID-19 outbreak, an increase in hand hygiene practices was associated with a decrease in norovirus epidemics in Japan, similar to the experience during the 2009 pandemic flu. By analyzing national gastroenteritis surveillance data, the study found a significantly negative correlation between sales of hand hygiene products and norovirus incidence. The results suggest that hand hygiene using these products is a potentially useful prevention method against norovirus epidemics, and further investigations on effective hand hygiene approaches for norovirus prevention are needed.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Alice M. McSweeney, Vivienne L. Young, Vernon K. Ward
Summary: The VPg proteins of noroviruses play essential roles in viral replication, with their ability to bind to RNA being crucial for regulating the virus.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kyoko Hayashi, Satoko Komatsu, Hitoshi Kuno, Satomi Asai, Iori Matsuura, Vyankatesh Ramlu Kudkyal, Toshio Kawahara
Summary: This study demonstrates the antiviral activity of MGDG isolated from a microalga against human norovirus surrogates. MGDG showed virucidal activities and exhibited therapeutic and prophylactic effects in animal experiments.
Article
Microbiology
Rachel R. Mizenko, Terza Brostoff, Kenneth Jackson, Patricia A. Pesavento, Randy P. Carney
Summary: Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a significant cause of respiratory disease in cats and has implications for human medical research. This study explores the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in FCV infection and highlights the importance of coisolates during viral purification.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hitoshi Yonezawa, Shingo Tanaka, Makito Tanaka, Ryo Kobayashi, Satoshi Takahashi
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for false positives in high-sensitivity HBsAg quantitative tests and reduce the need for neutralization tests. The results showed that younger age, female sex, lower HBsAg values, and reagent improvement were independent risk factors for false positives. The false-positive rate was highest in the range of 0.005-0.049 IU/mL.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2024)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nobuaki Kobayashi, Katsushi Tanaka, Suguru Muraoka, Kohei Somekawa, Ayami Kaneko, Sousuke Kubo, Hiromi Matsumoto, Hiroaki Fujii, Keisuke Watanabe, Nobuyuki Horita, Yu Hara, Takeshi Kaneko
Summary: This study identified age, a negative T-SPOT.TB result, elevated CRP levels, and a high NLR as significant independent risk factors for death in hospitalized TB patients. These findings underscore the importance of these parameters in the risk stratification and management of hospitalized TB patients.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2024)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Naokuni Hishiya, Kenji Uno, Akiyo Nakano, Mitsuru Konishi, Seiya Higashi, Shuhei Eguchi, Tadashi Ariyoshi, Asami Matsumoto, Kentaro Oka, Motomichi Takahashi, Yuki Suzuki, Saori Horiuchi, Nobuyasu Hirai, Yoshihiko Ogawa, Taku Ogawa, Ryuichi Nakano, Keiichi Mikasa, Kei Kasahara, Hisakazu Yano
Summary: This study revealed intestinal dysbiosis near a CD4 count of 350 in HIV-infected patients undergoing cART. These findings contribute to the understanding of intestinal damage and systemic inflammation in HIV infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2024)
