Article
Immunology
Kari Vaahtomeri, Christine Moussion, Robert Hauschild, Michael Sixt
Summary: Chemokine CCL21, necessary for dendritic cell migration, does not require heparan sulfates on lymphatic endothelial cells for gradient formation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sina Tadayon, Johannes Dunkel, Akira Takeda, Dominik Eichin, Reetta Virtakoivu, Kati Elima, Sirpa Jalkanen, Maija Hollmen
Summary: Clever-1, a molecule expressed on certain macrophages and lymphatic endothelial cells, plays a role in regulating DC trafficking and immune responses. Despite hindering DC entry into lymphatics, Clever-1 knockout mice showed increased MHC II expression on DCs and less tolerogenic LEC phenotype in lymph nodes, leading to stronger antigen-specific immune responses. This suggests that Clever-1 facilitates immunosuppressive interactions with migrating DCs, modulating immune responses in the draining lymph nodes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lionel Gillot, Alizee Lebeau, Louis Baudin, Charles Pottier, Thomas Louis, Tania Durre, Remi Longuespee, Gabriel Mazzucchelli, Christophe Nizet, Silvia Blacher, Frederic Kridelka, Agnes Noel
Summary: This study revealed an association between POSTN deposition and lymphangiogenesis in lymph nodes of cervical cancer patients, highlighting the key role of POSTN in promoting lymphatic vessel formation and the seeding of metastatic cells.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Jacob Alexander, Gizem Keles, Jessica Killingsworth, Ronald Bronson, Christine Perez, Darrell Sawmiller, R. Douglas Shytle
Summary: Developmental disabilities are disorders that limit function due to impaired nervous system development, including learning, language, behavior, or physical abilities. The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is high, and it may be related to deficient levels of heparan sulfate (HS).
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hong Liu, Zhenfu Wen, Haolin Chen, Zeyu Yang, Zhicheng Le, Zhijia Liu, Yongming Chen, Lixin Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of modified nanoparticles to target lymph nodes and enhance immune responses for cancer therapy.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sohyun Moon, Ying-Tao Zhao
Summary: The study systematically analyzed the spatial, temporal, and cell-type-specific expression of genes encoding HS biosynthesis enzymes and HSPG core proteins, providing a valuable resource for the research community in the field of heparan sulfate.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anthony J. J. Hayes, James Melrose
Summary: Heparan sulfate is a complex glycosaminoglycan that plays important roles in various biological processes through interactions with extracellular ligands and cellular receptors. Its chain lengths and sequences can vary, providing structural diversity. Heparan sulfate has regulatory properties in tissue development, wound healing, immune regulation, inflammation, and tumor development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Amrita Basu, Neil G. Patel, Elijah D. Nicholson, Ryan J. Weiss
Summary: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long polysaccharides found on the cell surface and extracellular matrix of animal cells, and play important roles in cellular processes and diseases. GAGs are complex molecules with extensive structural and functional heterogeneity, and their biosynthesis is a non-template driven process involving a group of enzymes. Due to their key roles in cell homeostasis and disease, targeting the assembly and function of GAGs is of great interest as a therapeutic approach.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Akira Takeda, Marko Salmi, Sirpa Jalkanen
Summary: Single-cell technologies have revealed multiple subsets of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in the lymph node sinus systems of mice and humans. These LECs play important immunological roles in the lymph node stroma, including guiding immune cell trafficking, capturing microbes, and transporting lymph-borne antigens. However, our understanding of LEC functions in human disease is still limited, hindering clinical translation in inflammation and metastasis. Nonetheless, targeting LECs in the lymph nodes has potential for modulating immune reactivity in these conditions.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Stefan Lennard Krautschneider, Fabian M. Troschel, Eduardo Vadillo, Hans Theodor Eich, Martin Goette, Nancy Adriana Espinoza-Sanchez, Burkhard Greve
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the interplay between heparan sulfate (HS) degradation and radiation response in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. The results showed significantly increased radioresistance and cell migration after HS degradation. Furthermore, the expression and activation of certain signaling pathway molecules were altered after HS degradation, impacting the radiation resistance of TNBC cells.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Andre Dietz, Katja Senf, Julia Karius, Ralf Stumm, Eva Maria Neuhaus
Summary: This study investigates the regulation of CXCL12 in the olfactory stem cell niche and its impact on neurogenesis. The researchers identify the subepithelial tissue and sustentacular cells as the main sources of CXCL12, which is crucial for CXCR4 activation and neuronal stem cell proliferation. Furthermore, they find that ACKR3, a high-affinity CXCL12 scavenger, plays a critical role in adjusting CXCL12 levels and maintaining tissue homeostasis.
Article
Oncology
Wen-Fei Wei, Xiao-Jing Chen, Luo-Jiao Liang, Lan Yu, Xiang-Guang Wu, Chen-Fei Zhou, Zi-Ci Wang, Liang-Sheng Fan, Zheng Hu, Li Liang, Wei Wang
Summary: This study identified a specific subset of periostin(+) CAFs that promote lymph node metastasis in CSCC mainly by impairing the lymphatic endothelial barriers, providing a basis for potential stromal fibroblast-targeted interventions to block CAF-dependent metastasis.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sakari Poysti, Raine Toivonen, Akira Takeda, Satu Silojarvi, Emrah Yatkin, Masayuki Miyasaka, Arno Hanninen
Summary: C. rodentium enhances the activation of islet-specific T-cells by migrating from the colon to the pancreatic lymph nodes through dendritic cells and lymph itself.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hope M. Guzzo, Stephanie A. Valente, Graham S. Schwarz, Ayat ElSherif, Stephen R. Grobmyer, Cagri Cakmakoglu, Risal Djohan, Steven Bernard, Julie E. Lang, Debra Pratt, Zahraa Al-Hilli
Summary: The study evaluated the safety and recurrence rates of immediate lymphatic reconstruction (ILR) in breast cancer patients undergoing axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). The results showed that ILR during ALND was not associated with short-term axillary recurrence and appeared to be oncologically safe.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marco D'Addio, Jasmin Frey, Carlotta Tacconi, Catharina D. Commerford, Cornelia Halin, Michael Detmar, Richard D. Cummings, Vivianne Otto
Summary: The interactions between sialoglycans on lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) and macrophage-expressed Siglec-1 play a critical role in regulating macrophage localization and phenotype. The densely clustered, sialylated glycans on the SCS floor LEC were identified as a key component in the macrophage niche, providing anchorage for Siglec-1(+) LN-SCS macrophages. Defective binding of sialoglycans by Siglec-1 results in reduced numbers of Siglec-1(+) macrophages with a less proliferative and more anti-inflammatory phenotype.