4.6 Article

Quorum Sensing Contributes to Activated IgM-Secreting B Cell Homeostasis

Journal

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 190, Issue 1, Pages 106-114

Publisher

AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200907

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Funding

  1. European Research Council
  2. Agence Nationale pour la Recherche
  3. Agence pour la Recherche sur le Cancer
  4. Institut Pasteur
  5. Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique
  6. INSERM
  7. Direction Recherche Enseignement et Technologie
  8. Fundacion Instituto Mediterraneo para el Avance de la Biomedicina y la Investigacion Biosanitaria (Malaga, Spain)
  9. Fondation de le Recherche Medicale
  10. National Institutes of Health [RO1 HL72523, R01 101748]
  11. Paige Arnold Butterfly Run
  12. Versus Arthritis [19497] Funding Source: researchfish
  13. NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL072523] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER

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Maintenance of plasma IgM levels is critical for immune system function and homeostasis in humans and mice. However, the mechanisms that control homeostasis of the activated IgM-secreting B cells are unknown. After adoptive transfer into immune-deficient hosts, B lymphocytes expand poorly, but fully reconstitute the pool of natural IgM-secreting cells and circulating IgM levels. By using sequential cell transfers and B cell populations from several mutant mice, we were able to identify novel mechanisms regulating the size of the IgM-secreting B cell pool. Contrary to previous mechanisms described regulating homeostasis, which involve competition for the same niche by cells having overlapping survival requirements, homeostasis of the innate IgM-secreting B cell pool is also achieved when B cell populations are able to monitor the number of activated B cells by detecting their secreted products. Notably, B cell populations are able to assess the density of activated B cells by sensing their secreted IgG. This process involves the Fc gamma RIIB, a low-affinity IgG receptor that is expressed on B cells and acts as a negative regulator of B cell activation, and its intracellular effector the inositol phosphatase SHIP. As a result of the engagement of this inhibitory pathway, the number of activated IgM-secreting B cells is kept under control. We hypothesize that malfunction of this quorum-sensing mechanism may lead to uncontrolled B cell activation and autoimmunity. The Journal of Immunology, 2013, 190: 106-114.

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