Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fabio Bioletto, Chiara Lopez, Martina Bollati, Stefano Arata, Matteo Procopio, Federico Ponzetto, Guglielmo Beccuti, Giulio Mengozzi, Ezio Ghigo, Mauro Maccario, Mirko Parasiliti-Caprino
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of using aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) as a diagnostic criteria for primary aldosteronism (PA) in patients with resistant hypertension (RH). The results showed that in normokalemic patients, ARR had a lower diagnostic accuracy and may not accurately differentiate between PA and essential RH. However, in patients with hypokalemia, ARR had a higher diagnostic accuracy and may serve as a diagnostic criterion for PA.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tomasz Pizon, Marek Rajzer, Wiktoria Wojciechowska, Tomasz Drozdz, Dorota Drozdz, Marta Rojek, Krystian Gruszka, Danuta Czarnecka
Summary: The study aimed to assess the relations between plasma renin activity (PRA), serum aldosterone concentration (ALDO), and selected asymptomatic organ damage (AOD) indices in mild primary arterial hypertension (AH). High PRA patients had higher ALDO levels, and those with simultaneously high PRA and ARR values showed more severe arterial stiffness and renal impairment. Assessment of the influence of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system on AOD should consider the relationship between renin and aldosterone.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Yujiro Kida
Summary: This article discusses the BrigHTN trial which showed that baxdrostat lowered blood pressure in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension in a dose-dependent manner. However, the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in this trial was not mentioned, despite a significant portion of participants having diabetes.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alex Cleber Improta-Caria, Marcela Gordilho Aras, Luca Nascimento, Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa, Roque Aras-Junior, Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
Summary: MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene and protein expression, playing important roles in various cellular processes. In diseases such as hypertension, microRNAs are involved in regulating physiological processes, but the specific mechanisms need further study.
Review
Immunology
Felicitas E. Hengel, Jean-Pierre Benitah, Ulrich O. Wenzel
Summary: The mosaic theory proposes that hypertension is a result of interactions among various causes, and recent research highlights the role of inflammation and salt intake in this process. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hypertension, and high-salt intake can modulate inflammatory responses, ultimately affecting the development of hypertension.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Huai Heng Loh, Norlela Sukor
Summary: This review aims to collate and summarize current research on the association between primary aldosteronism and obstructive sleep apnea, including their relationship, clinical characteristics, implications, treatment outcomes, potential causal links, and mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
M. Ekholm, T. Kahan
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a disease caused by chronic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, with up-regulated mediators of inflammation in affected individuals. Oxidative stress, imbalance between antioxidants and oxidants, leads to tissue damage. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a vital role in vascular disease pathobiology, with angiotensin II causing hypertension and reactive oxygen species production. Blocking this system could potentially reduce inflammatory and thrombotic complications.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Chenpeng Zhu, Weikuan Gu, Dianjun Sun, Wei Wei
Summary: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure. Excess fluoride can increase blood pressure by dysregulating the RAS. The study found that fluoride reduces levels of renin, angiotensin II (Ang II), and angiotensin (1-7) [Ang (1-7)], and disrupts the balance of aldosterone and potassium levels. Excess fluoride also damages the kidneys, myocardium, and aorta, and affects the activation of different components of the RAS, leading to hypertension with low renin levels.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Tobias Rachow, Helmut Schiffl, Susanne M. Lang
Summary: The association between RAAS blockade and the risk of lung cancer is still unclear, with international regulatory agencies stating that the use of these drugs is not associated with an increased risk of developing lung cancer. Co-administration of RAAS blockers in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer may have positive effects on the outcome. Further prospective randomized trials with long-term follow-up are needed to investigate the effects of these drugs on the development and progression of lung cancer.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joao Pedro Ferreira, Job Verdonschot, Ping Wang, Anne Pizard, Timothy Collier, Fozia Z. Ahmed, Hans-Peter Brunner-La-Rocca, Andrew L. Clark, Franco Cosmi, Joe Cuthbert, Javier Diez, Frank Edelmann, Nicolas Girerd, Arantxa Gonzalez, Stephanie Grojean, Mark Hazebroek, Javed Khan, Roberto Latini, Mamas A. Mamas, Beatrice Mariottoni, Blerim Mujaj, Pierpaolo Pellicori, Johannes Petutschnigg, Burkert Pieske, Patrick Rossignol, Philippe Rouet, Jan A. Staessen, John G. F. Cleland, Stephane Heymans, Faiez Zannad
Summary: This study found that spironolactone exerts cardiovascular protective effects by reducing fibrosis, inflammation, thrombosis, congestion, and improving vascular function through multiple pathways, potentially slowing the progression toward heart failure.
JACC-HEART FAILURE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Takuya Wakamatsu, Yoshiko Iwasaki, Suguru Yamamoto, Koji Matsuo, Shin Goto, Ichiei Narita, Junichiro J. Kazama, Kennichi Tanaka, Akemi Ito, Ryosuke Ozasa, Takayoshi Nakano, Chisato Miyakoshi, Yoshihiro Onishi, Shingo Fukuma, Shunichi Fukuhara, Hideyuki Yamato, Masafumi Fukagawa, Tadao Akizawa
Summary: Blocking AT-1RB may reduce the risk of fractures in CKD patients by inhibiting oxidative stress and reducing osteocyte apoptosis, thereby improving bone elastic mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maxime Berney, Nima Vakilzadeh, Marc Maillard, Mohamed Faouzi, Eric Grouzmann, Olivier Bonny, Lucie Favre, Gregoire Wuerzner
Summary: The study compared the effects of weight loss after RYGB surgery or dietary advice on blood pressure, RAAS, and urinary electrolyte excretion. The results showed that weight loss and plasma aldosterone concentration decrease were more pronounced in the RYGB group, with no significant difference in RAAS.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonio Mastrangelo, Marta Brambilla, Giorgia Romano, Jessica Serafinelli, Giuseppe Puccio, Marisa Giani, Giovanni Montini
Summary: The sequential introduction of multiple RAAS blockers is effective in reducing proteinuria in pediatric patients with Alport syndrome, while monitoring eGFR and potassium levels during follow-up is recommended for safety.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jun Yang, Stella May Gwini, Lawrence J. Beilin, Markus Schlaich, Michael Stowasser, Morag J. Young, Peter J. Fuller, Trevor A. Mori
Summary: Oral contraception can increase the aldosterone to renin ratio, leading to false positive results in the screening for primary aldosteronism. Until more reliable criteria for primary aldosteronism screening in oral contraception users are established, alternative contraception methods should be considered.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paolo Mulatero, Chiara Bertello, Franco Veglio, Silvia Monticone
Summary: Primary aldosteronism is an overlooked condition with significant mortality and morbidity. The difficulty of screening patients on antihypertensive therapy has resulted in low testing rates. However, interference with medication may not always be necessary for accurate screening.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
