Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nikita Tananaev, Eliisa Lotsari
Summary: This paper discusses the potential response of fluvial processes and landforms to the projected permafrost degradation and related hydrological change. The paper outlines the structure of fluvial systems and their dependence on permafrost, distinguishing between landforms that will adjust to future hydrology and those influenced by permafrost disturbances. The paper highlights the varying impacts of permafrost on fluvial action in different compartments and discusses the expected changes in each compartment based on projected permafrost and hydrological changes. The paper also emphasizes the collateral effects of fluvial change and the need to consider them in climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Remote Sensing
Shobha K. Yadav, Aaron E. Maxwell
Summary: This study investigates grassland degradation within the Tibetan Plateau using satellite imagery and terrain models. The results show an increase in vegetation growth in the region, particularly in the eastern portion of the plateau. The analysis also suggests that specific grassland types and landforms contribute to this greening trend. However, the correlations between terrain features and vegetation change were found to be modest. Further research is needed to fully understand the dynamics of landscape change in the region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Theophilus Atio Abalori, Wenxia Cao, Conrad Atogi-Akwoa Weobong, Wen Li, Shilin Wang, Xiuxia Deng
Summary: Grasslands globally are affected by climate change and unsustainable management practices, leading to transitions from stable to degraded and eventually desertification. Understanding the relationships between grassland vegetation and its environment, particularly topographic conditions and soil properties, is crucial for vegetation restoration projects in alpine grasslands.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Yuting Lan, Bo Fan, Xiaowei Guo, Mengke Si, Bencuo Li, Dawen Qian, Li Lin
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different grazing management strategies on vegetation and soil properties in an alpine meadow. The results showed that no grazing treatment led to an increase in aboveground biomass, vegetation cover, and litter biomass, while belowground biomass decreased significantly. The response of different plant functional groups to grazing management strategies varied. Soil properties, such as available phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen, were significantly different among the different grazing management strategies, while soil carbon to nitrogen ratios were similar. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the response of alpine meadows to grazing management strategies and can guide the design of management strategies for degraded alpine meadows.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Zhigang Wang, Shengkui Cao, Guangchao Cao, Yaofang Hou, Youcai Wang, Ligang Kang
Summary: This study aims to systematically reveal the water variation in different vegetation landscape zones of the alpine inland river basin, delineate its water resources protection zones, and propose its water resources management strategies.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yinglan Jia, Shengyun Chen, Peijie Wei
Summary: This study compares ecosystem carbon density (ECD) in intact alpine meadow, extremely degraded grassland, and revegetated grassland in the alpine permafrost regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The results show that revegetated grassland significantly increases aboveground biomass carbon density, soil organic carbon density, and ecosystem carbon density, making it an effective approach for restoring degraded grassland.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ming-Hui Wu, Kai Xue, Pei-Jie Wei, Ying-Lan Jia, Yu Zhang, Sheng-Yun Chen
Summary: It is generally believed that there is a vegetation succession sequence from alpine marsh meadow to desert in the alpine ecosystem of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This study evaluated the diversity of soil bacteria, fungi, and archaea across a gradient of three types of alpine vegetation and found that the decrease in vegetation biomass led to an increase in bacterial and fungal beta diversities. The dominance of species replacements was associated with stochastic assembly.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Junyi Zhang, Limin Duan, Tingxi Liu, Zexun Chen, Yixuan Wang, Mingyang Li, Yajun Zhou
Summary: This study utilized high temporal resolution soil moisture data to investigate the soil moisture response on hillslope in a typical semi-arid grassland region. The results showed that soil water content and water storage increased in the downslope direction, and the soil moisture response process varied greatly under different rainfall, rainfall intensity and antecedent soil moisture conditions.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Qinxue Wang, Xinhao Peng, Masataka Watanabe, Ochirbat Batkhishig, Tomohiro Okadera, Yoko Saito
Summary: Although global warming has led to permafrost thaw, the mechanism linking permafrost thawing and ecosystem carbon budgets is still not well understood. This study compared the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on grassland ecosystem carbon budgets in a permafrost area (PA) and a non-permafrost area (NPA). Carbon dioxide flux towers were used to monitor net ecosystem exchange, and the results showed that the grassland ecosystem acted as a carbon sink in the PA but as a carbon source in the NPA. The thawing period and thawed period also had significant effects on the carbon budget, with higher carbon absorption in the PA during both periods compared to the NPA.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Yi Wang, Jian Sun, Wen He, Chongchong Ye, Biying Liu, Youchao Chen, Tao Zeng, Shaoxiu Ma, Xiaoyu Gan, Chiyuan Miao, Huakun Zhou, Atsushi Tsunekawa
Summary: This study investigates the dominant factors of alpine vegetation distribution and predicts the future changes of vegetation boundary using climate models. The results show that precipitation plays a significant role in the distribution of alpine grasslands and reveal the migration of the grassland ecosystem under different climate change scenarios.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Yang Li, Genxu Wang, Haijian Bing, Tao Wang, Kewei Huang, Chunlin Song, Xiaopeng Chen, Zhaoyong Hu, Pengfei Rui, Xiaoyan Song, Ruiying Chang
Summary: The spatial variability in ecosystem respiration (Re) and methane (CH4) fluxes in Tibetan alpine grassland watersheds were studied through field monitoring, revealing the controlling effect of microbial factors on Re variability and the influence of soil water content on CH4 fluxes. Frozen soil conditions in the Tibetan alpine grassland watersheds may increase the spatial variability of soil moisture and create poorly drained landscape, affecting the uptake of CH4 and hindering soil respiration.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Dawen Qian, Yangong Du, Qian Li, Xiaowei Guo, Bo Fan, Guangmin Cao
Summary: This study investigates the impact of degradation on the spatial patterns and ecosystem services of alpine shrub-meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. It found that degradation leads to fragmentation and patchiness in the meadow, resulting in a decrease in ecosystem services. The spatial patterns of the meadow layer are more closely related to its ecosystem services than the shrub layer.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zi-Teng Fu, Qing-Bai Wu, Lu-Yang Wang, Ya-Li Liu
Summary: Alpine vegetation plays a crucial role in maintaining the thermal stability of permafrost under a warming climate. In this study, the response of soil hydrothermal dynamics in the active layer to permafrost degradation was examined in different alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The results showed that vegetation type and soil properties influenced soil temperature, soil water content, and freeze-thaw processes, with alpine meadows exhibiting distinct characteristics.
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Xiaoyi Wang, Xingcheng He, Megan Price, Qianyun He, Pei Zhang, Jianghong Ran, Yongjie Wu
Summary: Grassland ecosystems are important for maintaining biodiversity and providing resources, but human activities have significantly affected their structure and function. In this study, we investigated the epigeic arthropod community in alpine grassland in the Zoige wetlands of the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. We found that grassland degradation and livestock feces had different effects on the taxonomic richness, abundance, and feeding groups of the arthropod community. Seasonal variations and temperature also played a significant role in shaping the community.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Danghui Xu, Wenbo Mou, Xiejun Wang, Ruiying Zhang, Tianpeng Gao, Dexiecuo Ai, Jianli Yuan, Renyi Zhang, Xiangwen Fang
Summary: Grassland degeneration significantly decreases net CO2 uptake, gross primary productivity, ecosystem respiration, plant respiration, and heterotrophic respiration. Degradation also alters the carbon balance of the ecosystem, further impacting carbon-climate feedbacks.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Arfan Arshad, Ali Mirchi, Javier Vilcaez, Muhammad Umar Akbar, Kaveh Madani
Summary: High-resolution, continuous groundwater data is crucial for adaptive aquifer management. This study presents a predictive modeling framework that incorporates covariates and existing observations to estimate groundwater level changes. The framework outperforms other methods and provides reliable estimates for unmonitored sites. The study also examines groundwater level changes in different regions and highlights the importance of effective aquifer management.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Lihua Chen, Jie Deng, Wenzhe Yang, Hang Chen
Summary: A new grid-based distributed karst hydrological model (GDKHM) is developed to simulate streamflow in the flood-prone karst area of Southwest China. The results show that the GDKHM performs well in predicting floods and capturing the spatial variability of karst system.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Faruk Gurbuz, Avinash Mudireddy, Ricardo Mantilla, Shaoping Xiao
Summary: Machine learning algorithms have shown better performance in streamflow prediction compared to traditional hydrological models. In this study, researchers proposed a methodology to test and benchmark ML algorithms using artificial data generated by physically-based hydrological models. They found that deep learning algorithms can correctly identify the relationship between streamflow and rainfall in certain conditions, but fail to outperform traditional prediction methods in other scenarios.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yadong Ji, Jianyu Fu, Bingjun Liu, Zeqin Huang, Xuejin Tan
Summary: This study distinguishes the uncertainty in drought projection into scenario uncertainty, model uncertainty, and internal variability uncertainty. The results show that the estimation of total uncertainty reaches a minimum in the mid-21st century and that model uncertainty is dominant in tropical regions.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Z. R. van Leeuwen, M. J. Klaar, M. W. Smith, L. E. Brown
Summary: This study quantifies the effectiveness of leaky dams in reducing flood peak magnitude using a transfer function noise modelling approach. The results show that leaky dams have a significant but highly variable impact on flood peak magnitude, and managing expectations should consider event size and type.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zeda Yin, Yasaman Saadati, M. Hadi Amini, Linlong Bian, Beichao Hu
Summary: Combined sewer overflows pose significant threats to public health and the environment, and various strategies have been proposed to mitigate their adverse effects. Smart control strategies have gained traction due to their cost-effectiveness but face challenges in balancing precision and computational efficiency. To address this, we propose exploring machine learning models and the inversion of neural networks for more efficient CSO prediction and optimization.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Qimou Zhang, Jiacong Huang, Jing Zhang, Rui Qian, Zhen Cui, Junfeng Gao
Summary: This study developed a N-cycling model for lowland rural rivers covered by macrophytes and investigated the N imports, exports, and response to sediment dredging. The findings showed a considerable N retention ability in the study river, with significant N imports from connected rivers and surrounding polders. Sediment dredging increased particulate nitrogen resuspension and settling rates, while decreasing ammonia nitrogen release, denitrification, and macrophyte uptake rates.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xue Li, Yingyin Zhou, Jian Sha, Man Zhang, Zhong-Liang Wang
Summary: High-resolution climate data is crucial for predicting regional climate and water environment changes. In this study, a two-step downscaling method was developed to enhance the spatial resolution of GCM data and improve the accuracy for small basins. The method combined medium-resolution climate data with high-resolution topographic data to capture spatial and temporal details. The downscaled climate data were then used to simulate the impacts of climate change on hydrology and water quality in a small basin. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the downscaling method for spatially differentiated simulations.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tongqing Shen, Peng Jiang, Jiahui Zhao, Xuegao Chen, Hui Lin, Bin Yang, Changhai Tan, Ying Zhang, Xinting Fu, Zhongbo Yu
Summary: This study evaluates the long-term interannual dynamics of permafrost distribution and active layer thickness on the Tibetan Plateau, and predicts future degradation trends. The results show that permafrost area has been decreasing and active layer thickness has been increasing, with an accelerated degradation observed in recent decades. This has significant implications for local water cycle processes, water ecology, and water security.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chi Zhang, Xu Zhang, Qiuhong Tang, Deliang Chen, Jinchuan Huang, Shaohong Wu, Yubo Liu
Summary: Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau is influenced by systems such as the Asian monsoons, the westerlies, and local circulations. The Indian monsoon, the westerlies, and local circulations are the main systems affecting precipitation over the entire Tibetan Plateau. The East Asian summer monsoon primarily affects the eastern Tibetan Plateau. The Indian monsoon has the greatest influence on precipitation in the southern and central grid cells, while the westerlies have the greatest influence on precipitation in the northern and western grid cells. Local circulations have the strongest influence on the central and eastern grid cells.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Manuel Almeida, Antonio Rodrigues, Pedro Coelho
Summary: This study aimed to improve the accuracy of Total Phosphorus export coefficient models, which are essential for water management. Four different models were applied to 27 agroforestry watersheds in the Mediterranean region. The modeling approach showed significant improvements in predicting the Total Phosphorus diffuse loads.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yutao Wang, Haojie Yin, Ziyi Wang, Yi Li, Pingping Wang, Longfei Wang
Summary: This study investigated the distribution and transformation of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in riverbed sediments impacted by effluent discharge. The authors found that the spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface water and sediment porewater could be used to predict DON variations in riverbed sediments. Random forest and extreme gradient boosting machine learning methods were employed to provide accurate predictions of DON content and properties at different depths. These findings have important implications for wastewater discharge management and river health.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Saba Mirza Alipour, Kolbjorn Engeland, Joao Leal
Summary: This study assesses the uncertainty associated with 100-year flood maps under different scenarios using Monte Carlo simulations. The findings highlight the importance of employing probabilistic approaches for accurate and secure flood maps, with the selection of probability distribution being the primary source of uncertainty in precipitation.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Janine A. de Wit, Marjolein H. J. van Huijgevoort, Jos C. van Dam, Ge A. P. H. van den Eertwegh, Dion van Deijl, Coen J. Ritsema, Ruud P. Bartholomeus
Summary: The study focuses on the hydrological consequences of controlled drainage with subirrigation (CD-SI) on groundwater level, soil moisture content, and soil water potential. The simulations show that CD-SI can improve hydrological conditions for crop growth, but the success depends on subtle differences in geohydrologic characteristics.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Constantin Seidl, Sarah Ann Wheeler, Declan Page
Summary: Water availability and quality issues will become increasingly important in the future due to climate change impacts. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is an effective water management tool, but often overlooked. This study analyzes global MAR applications and identifies the key factors for success, providing valuable insights for future design and application.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)