Review
Immunology
Edgar Angelats, Pere Santamaria
Summary: TR1 cells are an immunosuppressive T cell subset that produces high levels of IL-10. Recent studies suggest that TR1 cells have potential therapeutic applications in immune-mediated diseases. However, the developmental biology of TR1 cells remains unclear.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Patricia Sole, Pere Santamaria
Summary: Systemic delivery of pMHC class II-based nanomedicines can re-program CD4+ T cells into TR1-like cells, which suppress organ-specific autoimmunity effectively. The true identity and direct precursors of TR1-like cells remain unclear, and further transcriptional and epigenetic characterization of homogeneous pools of these cells is needed to unravel this mystery.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Angus Hann, Ye H. Oo, M. Thamara P. R. Perera
Summary: The liver possesses unique immunological characteristics but is susceptible to immune mediated injury. Regulatory T cells play a crucial role in preventing tissue damage, and therapies aiming to increase their function have shown efficacy in autoimmune diseases and organ transplantations. Research on the hepatic microenvironment and the role of Tregs in liver diseases is crucial for maintaining immunological balance.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Yuzhi Lu, Ni Xia, Xiang Cheng
Summary: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in the development of chronic heart failure, suppressing excessive inflammatory responses and promoting stable scar formation in the early stage of heart injury. However, in chronic heart failure, the functions and phenotypes of Tregs change, transforming into a cell type that is harmful to the heart.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emma Proics, Marion David, Majid Mojibian, Madeline Speck, Nadia Lounnas-Mourey, Adeline Govehovitch, Wissam Baghdadi, Justine Desnouveaux, Herve Bastian, Laura Freschi, Geoffrey Privat, Cedric Pouzet, Mauro Grossi, Pierre Heimendinger, Tobias Abel, David Fenard, Megan K. Levings, Francois Meyer, Celine Dumont
Summary: This publication reports the preclinical characterization of Tregs transduced with a CAR lentiviral vector. The results demonstrated the specificity, immunosuppressive function, and safety of the transduced Tregs. The study also showed that the transduced Tregs effectively prevented graft-versus-host disease in mice and remained stable without switching to a proinflammatory phenotype. Furthermore, concomitant tacrolimus did not impair the survival or inhibitory function of the transduced Tregs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xi-zhi J. Guo, Stephen J. Elledge
Summary: T cells play a crucial role in battling cancer and infectious diseases, but can also be involved in autoimmune reactions. This study introduces a new approach using virus-pseudotyped peptides loaded on MHC to modify disease-relevant T cells, allowing for antigen discovery and T cell engineering in a selective manner.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Bruce M. Hall, Rachael M. Hall, Giang T. Tran, Catherine M. Robinson, Paul L. Wilcox, Prateek K. Rakesh, Chuanmin Wang, Alexandra F. Sharland, Nirupama D. Verma, Suzanne J. Hodgkinson
Summary: The CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)T cell population is heterogeneous, consisting of three major subgroups with different functions and characteristics. Treatment with rIL-5 can prevent rejection of transplants by activating Ts2 cells and Th2-like Treg. This therapeutic approach significantly improves survival rates and reduces rejection reactions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Jason Cheung, Beata Zahorowska, Michael Suranyi, Jeffrey K. W. Wong, Jason Diep, Stephen T. T. Spicer, Nirupama D. D. Verma, Suzanne J. Hodgkinson, Bruce M. M. Hall
Summary: The immune response to an allograft can activate lymphocytes that cause rejection. The activation of T regulatory cells can reduce allograft rejection and induce immune tolerance. Activated T regulatory cells can be distinguished by various markers. A more detailed characterization of these cells may help reduce non-specific immunosuppression.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Min Hu, Natasha M. Rogers, Jennifer Li, Geoff Y. Zhang, Yuan Min Wang, Karli Shaw, Philip J. O'Connell, Stephen Alexander
Summary: Tregs play a crucial role in kidney transplantation by limiting immune activation and potentially reducing the need for immunosuppression. Studies have shown their importance in improving allo-specific Treg function in both animal and human models.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Aikaterini Hatzioannou, Athina Boumpas, Miranta Papadopoulou, Iosif Papafragkos, Athina Varveri, Themis Alissafi, Panayotis Verginis
Summary: Treg cell plasticity plays a significant role in autoimmunity and cancer, characterized by loss of Foxp3 expression. It has great therapeutic potential through destabilizing Treg cells to promote anti-tumor immunity or enhancing Treg cell stability to attenuate chronic inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia M. Krajewska, Remi Fiancette, Ye H. Oo
Summary: Immune-mediated cholangiopathies are characterized by the destruction of bile ducts, leading to liver inflammation and fibrosis. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in these diseases, but their function can be impaired by the inflamed microenvironment. Mast cells (MCs) are also involved in the pathogenesis by releasing pro-inflammatory mediators. MCs can indirectly influence Treg function and there are also direct interactions between MCs and Tregs. Understanding the crosstalk between Tregs and MCs is important for the progression of autoimmune cholangiopathy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Qi Jiang, Guocan Yang, Qi Liu, Shengjun Wang, Dawei Cui
Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic and heterogeneous autoimmune disease characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis, with dysfunction of regulatory T (Treg) cells potentially contributing to the breakdown of self-tolerance. The ideal treatment strategy for RA should focus on re-inducing self-tolerance to prevent obvious tissue injury.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiaomei Wang, Fabricio G. Cabrera, Kelly L. Sharp, David M. Spencer, Aaron E. Foster, J. Henri Bayle
Summary: Allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell therapies have the potential to reduce manufacturing costs and increase accessibility, but strategies are needed to evade host immune responses. Research on HHV8 has shown that viral genes K3 and K5 can help evade host immune responses, suggesting potential application in the development of OTS CAR-T cell products.
Review
Immunology
Prerana Muralidhara, Vanshika Sood, Vishnu Vinayak Ashok, Kushagra Bansal
Summary: Immunological tolerance is critical during pregnancy to protect the semi-allogeneic fetus from immune responses. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) accumulate at the placenta in the uterus during pregnancy and confer immunological tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface. Tregs play a role in supporting proper growth of the embryo during pregnancy and their dysfunction is associated with pregnancy-related complications. Tregs also have a similar role in tumor immunity by creating a tolerogenic system.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Martin Kauke-Navarro, Samuel Knoedler, Adriana C. Panayi, Leonard Knoedler, Olivier F. Noel, Bohdan Pomahac
Summary: Transplant rejection remains a challenge, especially in vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA). Maintaining stable levels of immunosuppression is necessary, but lifelong immunosuppression comes with severe side effects. To address this, immunotolerance promoting immune cells, specifically regulatory T cells (Treg), have emerged as a promising approach. These bioengineered Treg can be targeted to specific antigens, reducing off-target effects. They have shown positive results in solid organ transplantation and hold potential for VCA.