Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charlotte Oris, Samy Kahouadji, Julie Durif, Damien Bouvier, Vincent Sapin
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a growing burden worldwide, accounting for approximately 80% of all TBI cases. In recent years, candidate biomarkers have been investigated to improve the management of mTBI patients. Blood biomarker measurement in the acute phase after a traumatic event helps reduce unnecessary CT scans and hospitalizations. S100B protein has emerged as the most widely studied and used biomarker for clinical decision making in patients with mTBI. Besides its diagnostic use, S100B plays a role in the molecular pathogenic processes accompanying acute brain injury, making it a potential therapeutic target.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Geraldine Martens, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Nicolas Lejeune, Jean-Francois Kaux, Aurore Thibaut
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion, can result in persistent cognitive and functional symptoms, known as post-concussive syndrome (PCS), which can greatly impact quality of life. This pilot study surveyed individuals with a history of mTBI and found that sleep disturbances, including poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness, were common symptoms. Interestingly, there were significant gender differences, with a higher proportion of females experiencing PPCS and excessive daytime sleepiness.
Article
Neurosciences
Ashley L. Ware, Keith Owen Yeates, Ken Tang, Ayushi Shukla, Adrian Onicas, Sunny Guo, Naomi Goodrich-Hunsaker, Nishard Abdeen, Miriam H. Beauchamp, Christian Beaulieu, Bruce Bjornson, William Craig, Mathieu Dehaes, Quynh Doan, Sylvain Deschenes, Stephen B. Freedman, Bradley G. Goodyear, Jocelyn Gravel, Andree-Anne Ledoux, Roger Zemek, Catherine Lebel
Summary: In this study, the largest sample to date was used to investigate the white matter microstructural changes and their relation to persistent symptoms after pediatric mTBI. The results showed that white matter microstructural changes suggesting neuroinflammation and axonal swelling occurred chronically and continued 6 months post injury in children with mTBI, especially in younger children with persistent symptoms. The white matter microstructure appears more organized in children without persistent symptoms, indicating better clinical outcomes.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Emer Ryan, Lynne Kelly, Catherine Stacey, Dean Huggard, Eimear Duff, Danielle McCollum, Ann Leonard, Gerard Boran, Dermot R. Doherty, Turlough Bolger, Eleanor J. Molloy
Summary: This study demonstrates altered cytokine profiles and endotoxin responses in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI), including mild TBI. Children with mild TBI showed decreased levels of IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, and TNF-alpha compared to controls, along with increased levels of IFN-gamma. In severe TBI, there was no significant IL-6 response to endotoxin, but an increase in IL-17A. These findings suggest immune dysfunction following TBI, especially in mild cases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Henry W. Mahncke, Joseph DeGutis, Harvey Levin, Mary R. Newsome, Morris D. Bell, Chad Grills, Louis M. French, Katherine W. Sullivan, Sarah-Jane Kim, Annika Rose, Catherine Stasio, Michael M. Merzenich
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of self-administered plasticity-based cognitive training for individuals with a history of mild traumatic brain injury and cognitive impairment. The treatment group showed significant improvement in cognitive function compared to the active control group, with equivalent results in depressive and cognitive symptoms between the two groups.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jordee M. Wells, Jean-Michel Galarneau, Nori M. Minich, Daniel M. Cohen, Kameron Clinton, H. Gerry Taylor, Erin D. Bigler, Ann Bacevice, Leslie K. Mihalov, Barbara A. Bangert, Nicholas A. Zumberge, Keith Owen Yeates
Summary: This study found racial differences in recruitment and retention of participants in a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of children with mild traumatic brain injury or orthopedic injury. Black and multi-racial children had higher consent rates, while white children had higher retention rates.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Eunkyung Kim, Han Gil Seo, Hyun Haeng Lee, Seung Hak Lee, Seung Hong Choi, Roh-Eul Yoo, Won-Sang Cho, Seo Jung Yun, Min-Gu Kang, Byung-Mo Oh
Summary: The study aimed to investigate changes in regional brain volume after mild traumatic brain injury and their relationship with cognitive deficits. The results showed that individuals with mild traumatic brain injury had reduced brainstem volume and this reduction was significantly associated with cognitive function, especially performance on tests like executive card sorting, forward digit span, and verbal learning.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sophia Wagberg, Britt-Marie Stalnacke, Beatrice M. M. Magnusson
Summary: This study evaluates post-TBI symptoms and disabilities seven to eight years after mild TBI (mTBI), showing that women and individuals with repeated TBI experience more severe symptoms and functional decline. These findings have implications for clinical practice and research, and should be considered in rehabilitation and follow-up plans.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Sean C. Rose, Deborah A. Levine, Junxin Shi, Krista Wheeler, Taylour Aungst, Rachel M. Stanley, Miriam H. Beauchamp
Summary: This study examined the incidence and healthcare utilization of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in young children presenting to U.S. emergency departments. The findings showed that early childhood mTBI is prevalent and results in a significant financial burden. There is wide variation in diagnostic coding and treatment strategies among emergency departments, highlighting the need for further research.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Fanny Degeilh, Tilmann von Soest, Lia Ferschmann, Joanne C. Beer, Malo Gaubert, Inga K. Koerte, Christian K. Tamnes
Summary: Childhood mTBI is associated with an increased risk of developing social problems, possibly due to changes in the structural development of the social brain. This study used data from the ABCD Study to examine the development of social problems and cortical thickness in social brain regions following childhood mTBI. The findings showed different developmental trajectories in social problems between children with and without mTBI, with the mTBI group showing higher levels of social problems. Both groups showed similar decreases in social brain cortical thickness.
Review
Psychiatry
Kathryn A. Ritchie, Beth S. Slomine
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a significant public health concern for children. While most children recover within 1 month after mTBI, 10-30% experience lingering neuropsychiatric or neuropsychological symptoms. Factors associated with prolonged recovery include preinjury mental health concerns, female sex, and family characteristics. Early management includes reassurance and brief rest, while specialized evaluation and multimodal therapies are recommended for symptoms lasting more than 4 weeks.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Josh W. Faulkner, Alice Theadom, Deborah L. Snell, Matt N. Williams
Summary: This study applied network analysis to investigate post-concussion symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and found that frustration, blurred vision, and concentration difficulties were central symptoms in two different mTBI samples. These symptoms may play an influential role in the experience and maintenance of post-concussion symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Thorsten Rudroff, Craig D. Workman
Summary: Based on a review of the literature, there is limited evidence supporting the use of tDCS for improving cognitive and motor performance in mTBI patients, with only three studies meeting the inclusion criteria. This highlights the urgent need for further research to identify optimal therapeutic brain targets and stimulation parameters.
Article
Oncology
Kuaikuai Duan, Andrew R. Mayer, Nicholas A. Shaff, Jiayu Chen, Dongdong Lin, Vince D. Calhoun, Dawn M. Jensen, Jingyu Liu
Summary: The study found that DNA methylation within the major depression pathway improved the prediction accuracy for quality of life but not for persistent post-concussive symptom burden in pediatric mTBI patients. Depression symptoms were strongly predictive for both post-concussive symptom burden and pediatric quality of life.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
John K. Yue, Nishanth Krishnan, John P. Andrews, Alexa M. Semonche, Hansen Deng, Alexander A. Aabedi, Albert S. Wang, David J. Caldwell, Christine Park, Melessa Hirschhorn, Kristen T. Ghoussaini, Taemin Oh, Peter P. Sun
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) causes morbidity and disability worldwide, with pediatric patients being uniquely vulnerable. Reduced healthcare access in rural/underserved communities impairs management and outcome. A knowledge update relevant to current gaps in care is critically needed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Daniel Walker, Carly McKay
Summary: Many studies indicate that student athletes may experience higher depressive symptoms, with sex and physical pain being significant predictors. This study found that women student athletes are more susceptible to depressive symptoms, and there is an interaction between sex and pain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT AND EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Keith Owen Yeates, Anu M. Raisanen, Zahra Premji, Chantel T. Debert, Pierre Fremont, Sidney Hinds, Jonathan D. Smirl, Karen Barlow, Gavin A. Davis, Ruben J. Echemendia, Nina Feddermann-Demont, Colm Fuller, Isabelle Gagnon, Christopher C. Giza, Grant L. Iverson, Michael Makdissi, Kathryn J. Schneider
Summary: This systematic literature review aimed to determine the accurate tests and measures for diagnosing persisting post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) in children, adolescents, and adults following sport-related concussion (SRC). The results showed that the diagnosis of PPCS still relies on symptom report, preferably using standardized symptom rating scales. No specific tool or measure has been found to have satisfactory accuracy for clinical diagnosis.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Garrett S. Bullock, Carolyn A. Emery, Vicki R. Nelson, Albert Prats-Uribe, Robert Gill Gilliland, Charles A. Thigpen, Ellen Shanley
Summary: This study aims to compare the concussion rates in high school athletes with and without a prior COVID-19 infection. The study found that athletes with a COVID-19 infection had a significantly higher concussion rate compared to those without an infection.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
Sharief Hendricks, Carolyn Emery, Ben Jones, James Craig Brown, Kathryn Dane, Stephen W. West, Keith A. Stokes, Richie Gray, Ross Tucker
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Ash T. Kolstad, Paul H. Eliason, Jean-Michel Galarneau, Amanda Marie Black, Brent E. Hagel, Carolyn A. Emery
Summary: The study compared the incidence rates and odds of concussion between youth ice hockey players based on mouthguard use and helmet age. The results showed that wearing a mouthguard was associated with a lower concussion rate and odds. Evaluation: 9 out of 10 points.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Keith Owen Yeates, Karen M. M. Barlow, Bruce Wright, Ken Tang, Olesya Barrett, Edward Berdusco, Amanda M. M. Black, Brenda Clark, Alf Conradi, Heather Godfrey, Ashley T. T. Kolstad, Anh Ly, Angelo Mikrogianakis, Ross Purser, Kathryn Schneider, Antonia S. S. Stang, Roger Zemek, Jennifer D. D. Zwicker, David W. W. Johnson
Summary: This study tested the effects of actively implementing a clinical pathway for acute care of pediatric concussion on healthcare utilization and costs. The results showed that implementation of the clinical pathway increased outpatient follow-up visits and reduced the time from physician initial assessment to disposition, without increasing physician costs.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Stephen W. West, Isla J. Shill, Stuart Bailey, Reid A. Syrydiuk, K. Alix Hayden, Debbie Palmer, Amanda M. Black, Brent E. Hagel, Keith A. Stokes, Carolyn A. Emery
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated injury and concussion rates, risk factors, and prevention strategies in youth rugby. The study found that male match injury rates were 40.2/1000 match hours, while female rates were 69.0/1000 match hours. Concussion rates were 6.2/1000 player-hours for males and 33.9/1000 player-hours for females. The most common injury sites and types varied by gender. Higher levels of play and increasing age were identified as strong risk factors. The most promising prevention strategy was neuromuscular training.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Karl Morgan, James Cowburn, Matthew Farrow, Josh Carter, Dario Cazzola, Jean-Philippe Walhin, Carly McKay
Summary: This review aims to identify and present available empirical evidence regarding the association between physical activity and joint degeneration after intra-articular knee injury. It also seeks to identify potential mechanistic pathways through which physical activity could influence the pathogenesis of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Additionally, it highlights gaps in current understanding of the association between physical activity and joint degeneration following joint injury.
Article
Rehabilitation
Jessica Youngblood, Meghan H. H. McDonough, Elizabeth G. G. Condliffe, David Legg, Carolyn A. A. Emery
Summary: The study examines the impact of participating in an adapted summer camp on family relationships for children and youth with disabilities. Through focus group discussions with 11 families, it was found that participation in adapted physical activities can lead to changes in perspectives, enhanced family bonds, and improved self-confidence and independence for children with disabilities. However, the suspension of programs due to COVID-19 resulted in frustration, worry, and strained family relationships.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Leticia Janzen, Clodagh M. Toomey, Laura K. Brunton, Elizabeth G. Condliffe, Shane Esau, Adam Kirton, Carolyn A. Emery, Gregor Kuntze
Summary: This study examined the physical activity and body composition of ambulatory children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) compared to their typically developing peers. The results showed that individuals with CP had lower levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity and lower lean mass index. Further analysis revealed a positive association between lean mass index and physical activity, as well as reduced physical activity in individuals with CP at GMFCS II and III levels. These findings are important for promoting physical activity and improving muscle mass in individuals with CP.
PEDIATRIC EXERCISE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lauren Fortington, Rebecca N. Handcock, Wayne Derman, Carolyn A. Emery, Kati Pasanen, Martin Schwellnus, Evert Verhagen, A. O. Caroline F. Finch
Summary: This study aimed to assess the citation impact and reach of International Olympic Committee (IOC) statements published between 2003 and 2020. The results showed strong citation impact of the IOC statements, but predominantly within well-resourced academic circles. Further research is needed to examine the extent to which the IOC statements have influenced sport and exercise medicine practice worldwide.
BMJ OPEN SPORT & EXERCISE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Isla J. Shill, Stephen W. West, Stacy Sick, Kathryn J. Schneider, J. Preston Wiley, Brent E. Hagel, Amanda M. Black, Carolyn A. Emery
Summary: This study examined the differences in musculoskeletal injury and concussion rates between female and male rugby players in Canadian high school. The results showed that females had higher rates of injury and concussion compared to males.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Mohammad M. Banoei, Chel Hee Lee, James Hutchison, William Panenka, Cheryl Wellington, David S. Wishart, Brent W. Winston
Summary: Prognostication in the early management of severe traumatic brain injury remains challenging. This study demonstrates that early measurement of serum metabolomic profiles can be a useful tool for predicting outcomes in individuals with severe TBI.
Review
Sport Sciences
Isla J. Shill, Stephen W. West, James Brown, Fiona Wilson, Debbie Palmer, Ian Pike, Sharief Hendricks, Keith A. Stokes, Brent E. Hagel, Carolyn A. Emery
Summary: Video analysis is a crucial tool for injury surveillance in youth rugby union, although there is a lack of research in this area. This narrative review examines the strengths and limitations of current video analysis literature, emphasizes the importance of player safety in youth rugby, and provides recommendations for using video analysis to enhance safety measures.
BMJ OPEN SPORT & EXERCISE MEDICINE
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Mechanical
Jon Young, Kyle Myers
Summary: This study investigates the impact of measurement errors in the projection matrix and FRFs on the uncertainty of power flow, using both numerical models and experimental data. The results show that closely spaced modes lead to high variability in the calculation of power flow near resonance, even for small measurement errors.
DYNAMIC SUBSTRUCTURES, VOL 4
(2023)