Article
Psychology, Clinical
Shira Maguen, Brandon J. Griffin, Dawne Vogt, Claire A. Hoffmire, John R. Blosnich, Paul A. Bernhard, Fatema Z. Akhtar, Yasmin S. Cypel, Aaron Schneiderman
Summary: This study examined the association between moral injury, mental health, and suicide attempts in post-9/11 veterans, considering gender differences. The results showed that exposure to moral injury increased the risk of suicide attempts during and after military service, with different patterns observed between men and women.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jean Lin Otto, Derek J. Smolenski, Lindsay Stewart, Don E. Workman, Melissa Kincaid, Brad E. Belsher, Nigel Bush, Daniel P. Evatt
Summary: In a retrospective cohort study comparing EOD technicians to non-EOD personnel, higher odds of insomnia and PTSD were found among EOD personnel, while lower odds of affective disorders and alcohol/substance-related disorders were observed. There was no significant difference in the odds of traumatic brain injury diagnosis.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raj G. Kumar, Nimali Jayasinghe, Rod L. Walker, Laura E. Gibbons, Melinda C. Power, Eric B. Larson, Paul K. Crane, Kristen Dams-O Connor
Summary: In older males, traumatic brain injury with loss of consciousness (LOC) and past military employment are associated with late-life trajectories of depressive symptom severity. There is no such association in females. Recall bias may affect the retrospective assessment of lifetime history of TBI.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David S. Priemer, Diego Iacono, C. Harker Rhodes, Cara H. Olsen, Daniel P. Perl
Summary: This study examined the presence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in the brains of military personnel. The results showed that CTE was infrequently found, but it was more prevalent in individuals with exposure to contact sports and traumatic brain injury (TBI) in civilian life. However, the small number of cases and wide confidence intervals limit the ability to draw causal conclusions.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hans Kristian Moe, Turid Follestad, Nada Andelic, Asta Kristine Haberg, Anne-Mari Holte Flusund, Kjell Arne Kvistad, Elin Hildrum Saksvoll, Oystein Olsen, Sebastian Abel-Gruner, Oddrun Sandrod, Toril Skandsen, Anne Vik, Kent Goran Moen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between MRI findings of traumatic axonal injury (TAI) and admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and prolonged duration of posttraumatic amnesia (PTA) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The results showed that the location and burden of TAI lesions were significantly associated with GCS score and duration of PTA. Specifically, bilateral TAI lesions in the thalamus and the total volume of TAI lesions on FLAIR were found to have the strongest predictive value for prolonged PTA.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura Josephine Hendrikx, Dominic Murphy
Summary: This study investigated the association between reported traumatic brain injury plus loss of consciousness (TBI + LOC) and a range of factors among UK veterans, revealing links with adverse childhood experiences, drug use, job loss, and physical health issues. These findings could be beneficial in enhancing the assessment and rehabilitation of veterans with TBI + LOC.
JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrea L. C. Schneider, Carrie B. Peltz, Yixia Li, Amber Bahorik, Raquel C. Gardner, Kristine Yaffe
Summary: This study found that traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with long-term stroke risk, with differences observed in age, sex, race and ethnicity, and time since TBI diagnosis. The highest risk of stroke occurs in the first year after TBI diagnosis, but the risk remains elevated for more than 10 years. Both mild and moderate/severe/penetrating TBI increase the risk of stroke compared to individuals without TBI. Older individuals have a stronger association between TBI and stroke, while Black veterans have a weaker association compared to other races and ethnicities. These findings suggest that veterans with prior TBI should be targeted for primary stroke prevention measures.
Article
Surgery
Zhe Wang, Nathan J. Winans, Zirun Zhao, Megan E. Cosgrove, Theresa Gammel, Jordan R. Saadon, Racheed Mani, Bharadwaj Ravi, Susan M. Fiore, Charles B. Mikell, Sima Mofakham
Summary: This study investigated the association between posttraumatic agitation and recovery of consciousness in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) patients. Results showed a positive correlation between the development of agitation and the ability to follow commands, indicating the potential for neurological recovery in patients exhibiting posttraumatic agitation. Further research is needed to identify neural correlates of posttraumatic agitation and consciousness recovery after sTBI.
FRONTIERS IN SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Nursing
Helene Moriarty, Keith M. Robinson, Laraine Winter
Summary: This study examined the impact of PTSD on cognitive, social, and physical functioning, as well as depressive symptoms in veterans recently diagnosed with TBI. The findings showed that PTSD was a significant predictor of lower functioning and higher depressive symptomatology. Therefore, it is essential for clinicians to incorporate PTSD assessment and integrated behavioral health and rehabilitation interventions when working with veterans with TBI.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeffrey T. Howard, Ian J. Stewart, Megan Amuan, Jud C. Janak, Mary Jo Pugh
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that harmful exposures during military service, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), may contribute to mental health, chronic disease, and mortality risks. This cohort study assessed the mortality rates and estimated the number of excess deaths among veterans serving after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks with and without exposure to TBI. The results highlight the importance of understanding and addressing the elevated mortality risks faced by veterans exposed to TBI.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ling-Zhuo Kong, Rui-Li Zhang, Shao-Hua Hu, Jian-Bo Lai
Summary: Military psychiatry, a new subcategory of psychiatry, is playing an important role in war. This review examines military research, summarizes epidemiological data, neuropathology, and research achievements in diagnosis and treatment technology, and discusses the comorbidity and sequelae of military traumatic brain injury (TBI). Advances in neuroimaging and molecular biology have greatly enhanced the understanding of TBI, revealing abnormal protein accumulation and brain metabolism abnormalities involved in its development. TBI, based on organic injury, is distinct from other mental disorders and presents a new challenge at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry.
MILITARY MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Rina Berman, Haley Spencer, Martin Boese, Sharon Kim, Kennett Radford, Kwang Choi
Summary: Identifying predictors for individuals vulnerable to the adverse effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains an ongoing research pursuit. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the associations between duration of loss of consciousness (LOC) and outcomes after mild TBI (mTBI) in humans and between loss of righting reflex (LRR) and outcomes after experimental TBI in rodents. Both LOC and LRR are associated with adverse outcome measures and can be useful in developing personalized treatment strategies.
Review
Psychiatry
Chelsea Jones, Jessica Harasym, Antonio Miguel-Cruz, Shannon Chisholm, Lorraine Smith-MacDonald, Suzette Bremault-Phillips
Summary: This study aimed to explore the evidence of NCATs use among military personnel with mTBIs, evaluating the psychometric properties of commonly used NCATs and identifying knowledge gaps for future research. The findings suggest that additional research is needed to validate the effectiveness and utility of NCATs in military populations, especially for those outside of the United States and individuals with other cognitive impairments.
JMIR MENTAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Katrine M. Ineson, Annette Erlangsen, Merete Nordentoft, Michael E. Benros, Trine Madsen
Summary: This study found that individuals with prior hospital diagnosed traumatic brain injury (TBI) had higher rates of suicide attempts and violent crimes compared to individuals without TBI. Multiple TBI and temporal proximity to TBI were associated with increased rates of suicide attempts and violent crimes.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Katherine Musacchio Schafer, Emma Wilson, Thomas Joiner
Summary: Suicide is a widespread public health concern, with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and lack of social integration identified as risk factors. This cross-sectional study of 1469 military Veterans found that TBI was negatively associated with social integration and positively with suicidality. Social integration was also negatively associated with suicidality. The study suggests that lack of social integration may promote suicidality in the context of TBI and highlights the potential use of social integration as an intervention for suicidality.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Samantha L. Bernecker, Kelly L. Zuromski, Justin C. Curry, Jane J. Kim, Peter M. Gutierrez, Thomas E. Joiner, Ronald C. Kessler, Matthew K. Nock, M. David Rudd, Craig J. Bryan
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kelsi F. Rugo, Jeffrey V. Tabares, Sheila E. Crowell, Brian R. Baucom, M. David Rudd, Craig J. Bryan
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
David C. Rozek, William C. Andres, Noelle B. Smith, Feea R. Leifker, Kim Arne, Greg Jennings, Nate Dartnell, Craig J. Bryan, M. David Rudd
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2020)
Letter
Psychology, Clinical
M. David Rudd
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
M. David Rudd, Craig J. Bryan
Summary: The research developed the Brief Suicide Cognitions Scale (B-SCS) as a concise measure of suicide risk and analyzed data from student, inpatient, and emergency department samples. Results showed good reliability and validity of the B-SCS, making it a useful tool for identifying individuals at enduring risk for suicide attempts in clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alan L. Peterson, Stacey Young-McCaughan, John D. Roache, Jim Mintz, Brett T. Litz, Douglas E. Williamson, Patricia A. Resick, Edna B. Foa, Donald D. McGeary, Katherine A. Dondanville, Daniel J. Taylor, Jennifer Schuster Wachen, Peter T. Fox, Craig J. Bryan, Carmen P. McLean, Kristi E. Pruiksma, Jeffrey S. Yarvis, Barbara L. Niles, Chadi G. Abdallah, Lynnette A. Averill, Sudie E. Back, Monty T. Baker, Tabatha H. Blount, Adam M. Borah, Elisa V. Borah, Matthew S. Brock, Lily A. Brown, Matthew M. Burg, Jeffrey A. Cigrang, Bryann B. DeBeer, Ellen R. DeVoe, Brooke A. Fina, Julianne C. Flanagan, Steffany J. Fredman, Cubby L. Gardner, Robert R. Gatchel, Jeffrey L. Goodie, Ralitza Gueorguieva, Jay B. Higgs, Vanessa M. Jacoby, Kevin M. Kelly, John H. Krystal, M. Danet Lapiz-Bluhm, Argelio L. Lopez-Roca, Brian P. Marx, Douglas M. Maurer, Meghan E. McDevitt-Murphy, Cindy A. McGeary, Eric C. Meyer, Shannon R. Miles, Candice M. Monson, David A. Morilak, John C. Moring, Vincent Mysliwiec, Karin L. Nicholson, Sheila A. M. Rauch, David S. Riggs, Craig S. Rosen, M. David Rudd, Richard P. Schobitz, Christian C. Schrader, Antoinette M. Shinn, Paulo R. Shiroma, Denise M. Sloan, Stephen L. Stern, Randy Strong, Steven D. Vannoy, Keith A. Young, Terence M. Keane
Summary: The STRONG STAR Consortium and the Consortium to Alleviate PTSD are interdisciplinary and multi-institutional research consortia dedicated to combat-related PTSD. They have successfully gathered a critical mass of investigators and institutions, enabling significant advancements in the prevention and treatment of combat PTSD and related conditions.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
M. David Rudd
Summary: This article offers commentary on a special issue focused on posttraumatic stress and suicide, emphasizing the importance of integrating practical recommendations into clinical practice and utilizing evidence-based approaches to improve effectiveness in working with patients experiencing trauma-related symptoms.
JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Brian W. Bauer, Melanie A. Hom, Aleksandr T. Karnick, Caroline J. Charpentier, Lucas A. Keefer, Daniel W. Capron, M. David Rudd, Craig J. Bryan
Summary: This study provides preliminary evidence for affective forecasting errors near the time of a suicide attempt or during periods of elevated suicide risk.
COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Family Studies
Tracy A. Clemans, Kirsi L. White, Dianna Fuessel-Herrmann, Craig J. Bryan, Patricia A. Resick
Summary: The study implemented a modified group CPT intervention in adolescents who experienced commercial sexual exploitation to test its acceptability and feasibility. Results showed no significant change in suicidal and non-suicidal behaviors after treatment, but high client satisfaction and significant reductions in symptom severity were observed.
JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA
(2021)
Correction
Family Studies
Tracy A. Clemans, Kirsi L. White, Dianna Fuessel-Herrmann, Craig J. Bryan, Patricia A. Resick
JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
M. David Rudd, Craig J. Bryan
Summary: This article identifies five critical domains of recent research findings in clinical suicidology and offers examples of simple questions that can help clinicians integrate recent advances into their suicide risk assessment practices more effectively.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Gretchen J. Diefenbach, Michael David Rudd, Lori F. Merling, Carolyn Davies, Benjamin W. Katz, David F. Tolin
Summary: Suicide risk is higher in psychiatric patients after discharge from inpatient care, but there is limited research on suicide prevention protocols specifically designed for this setting. This study modified brief cognitive-behavioral therapy (BCBT) for inpatients (BCBT-I) and found it to be highly acceptable and effective in reducing suicidal ideation and depression. Further research is needed to validate BCBT-I in a larger, randomized controlled trial to assess its efficacy in reducing suicide risk in this population.
COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Daniel J. Lee, Craig J. Bryan, M. David Rudd
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Craig J. Bryan, David C. Rozek, Jon Butner, M. David Rudd
BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY
(2019)
Article
Psychiatry
Rachel L. Martin, Brittney L. Assavedo, AnnaBelle O. Bryan, Bradley A. Green, Daniel W. Capron, M. David Rudd, Craig J. Bryan, Michael D. Anestis
ARCHIVES OF SUICIDE RESEARCH
(2020)