Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Feng Gu, Xinbao Zhang, Bing Ren, Minghua Zhou
Summary: A new model has been developed in this study to date recent silting soils in debris flow deposits based on changes in Pb-210(ex) concentrations in surface soil layers. The model was validated and showed good agreement with actual values.
Article
Geography, Physical
Giovanni Baccolo, Davide Abu El Khair, Massimiliano Nastasi, Monica Sisti, Chiara Ferre, Christine Alewell, Roberto Comolli
Summary: Soil mobilization in a first-order catchment of the Eastern Alps was investigated using fallout radionuclides (FRN). The distribution, spatial variability, vertical distribution, and relationships with pedological and topographical variables of FRNs were assessed. Results showed that erosion rates of up to 6 t ha(-1) yr(-1) were observed in the catchment, likely due to grazing. However, the commonly used FRN, Cs-137, was found to be unsuitable for estimating soil redistribution at this site, while Pb-210(xs.) provided reliable estimates in accordance with local morphology.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. M. Ivanov, A. V. Konoplev, D. E. Walling, E. A. Konstantinov, A. L. Gurinov, N. N. Ivanova, N. V. Kuzmenkova, A. S. Tsyplenkov, M. A. Ivanov, V. N. Golosov
Summary: The deposition and redistribution of Cs-137 in European water bodies following the Chernobyl accident in 1986 were studied through an investigation of bottom sediments in a reservoir in Central Russia. The study identified a decrease in Cs-137 activity concentration in sediment deposited in the reservoir over a 30-year period, attributed to reduced sediment contribution from arable land in the catchment area.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanru Wen, Till Kasielke, Hao Li, Harald Zepp, Bin Zhang
Summary: This study investigated gully erosion in the central Mollisol region of Northeast China, finding that gully density and size have been increasing since 1968, mainly due to agricultural development converting forests and grasslands into farmland, leading to gully erosion. The results highlight the severe impact of gully erosion on the Mollisol region and underscore the need for effective measures to combat gully erosion.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yukihisa Sanada, Yoshimi Urabe, Toshiharu Misonou, Takehiko Shiribiki, Takahiro Nakanishi, Yusuke Watanabe, Tadahiko Tsuruta
Summary: This study visualized the distribution of radiocesium in sediment around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant using data from a towed gamma-ray detection system, with the uncertainty of the map evaluated through comparison with sediment core sample data. The characteristics of radiocesium distribution were analyzed considering seafloor topography and geological maps, while the formation of Cs-137 anomaly at estuaries was studied using contour maps. Validation of the map showed good agreement with actual sediment core samples, with the Cs-137 concentration decreasing over time due to uncertainties.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ilona Sekudewicz, Michal Gasiorowski
Summary: The research revealed a negative correlation between Cs-137 activity concentrations and sediment grain size, with significant amounts of Cs-137 detected in the deeper parts of the lake bottom. Turawa Lake may serve as a significant trap for Cs-137 polluted sediments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Serdar Dizman, Tolga Akdemir, Cafer Mert Yesilkanat, Vagif Nevruzoglu, Esra Bal, Recep Keser
Summary: In this study, the concentrations of natural and artificial radioactivity in sediment samples from Savsat Black Lake were determined. The results showed that the sediments in the study area do not pose any health risk for visitors.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. F. Kassab, W. F. Hassanin, A. M. Mostafa, M. Benmansour
Summary: The use of the fallout radionuclide Cs-137 as a tracer for soil redistribution rates in an agricultural field in Egypt was tested. The estimated average annual erosion rate was found to be 7.5 t ha(-1) y(-1), indicating a moderate vulnerability of the area to water erosion.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
C. E. Renshaw, E. N. Dethier, J. D. Landis, J. M. Kaste
Summary: The input of organic matter into stream channels is an important energy source for headwater ecosystems and plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. The study focuses on quantifying the mobilization, transport, and storage of organic-rich fine sediment in a Strahler fourth-order stream during intermediate-sized storm events. It is found that the channel bed is consistently a source of suspended load to the channel margins, and the trapping of suspended load by riparian margins limits sediment transport distance and decouples the channel from local terrestrial organic matter exchange.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Letter
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Peter G. Appleby, Gor Piliposyan, Silvia Hess
Summary: An anomalous value in the Cs-137 record from a marine sediment core in Veafjord, Norway, was found to be due to the presence of a micron-size hot radioactive particle. Experimental analysis confirmed the existence of the particle and estimated its activity. This finding highlights the significance of using Cs-137 records in dating sediment accumulations in contaminated areas.
GEO-MARINE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peter G. Appleby, Gor Piliposyan, Jan Weckstrom, Gayane Piliposian
Summary: Anomalous peaks observed in the Cs-137 and Am-241 records of sediment cores from three lakes in southern Finland are likely caused by the presence of micron-size hot radioactive particles, originated from the fallout of the 1986 Chernobyl accident. The particles were initially deposited in the catchment areas of the lakes and transported to the lakes several years later. Care should be taken when using Cs-137 or Am-241 as chronostratigraphic markers in areas contaminated by Chernobyl fallout due to the delayed input of such particles into sedimentary records.
JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Virginie Sellier, Oldrich Navratil, John Patrick Laceby, Cedric Legout, Anthony Foucher, Michel Allenbach, Irene Lefevre, Olivier Evrard
Summary: Tracing the origin of sediment sources is crucial for understanding hydro-sedimentary dynamics at the catchment scale. In a study on a mining catchment in New Caledonia, combining color parameters with geochemical properties showed the strongest discrimination between sediment sources, reducing uncertainties associated with sediment source apportionment. These approaches based on geochemical properties or coupled with color parameters could be valuable in similar mining areas worldwide.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Akira Watanabe, Mizuo Kajino, Kazuhiko Ninomiya, Yoshitaka Nagahashi, Atsushi Shinohara
Summary: After the Fukushima nuclear accident, atmospheric measurements of Cs-134 and Cs-137 were conducted in Fukushima city from March 2011 to March 2019. The study found that airborne surface concentrations and deposition of radiocesium were higher in winter and lower in summer, opposite to the trends observed in a contaminated forest area. The effective half-lives of 137Cs before 2015 were significantly shorter than those after 2015, possibly due to the faster discharge of dissolved radio-Cs from local ecosystems compared to particulate radio-Cs. Biotite was suggested to play a key role in the behavior of particulate radio-Cs after 2014. However, the relationship between seasonal variations in particle size distributions and the sources of particles is not fully understood.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Evgeny Yakovlev, Andrey Puchkov, Sergey Druzhinin
Summary: This article studies the activity of technogenic and natural radionuclides in the bottom sediments of the Kola coast of the Barents Sea. The accumulation of radioactivity is characterized and assessed through particle size distribution and physicochemical parameters. The activity levels of natural radionuclides are slightly higher in the coastal zone compared to the central areas of the Barents Sea, while the activities of technogenic radionuclides are relatively low. There is no significant influence of local sources on the transformation of the technogenic radiation background.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Christina D. Ganzha, Dmitri I. Gudkov, Igor I. Abramiuk, Oleksandr Ye. Kaglyan
Summary: Skeletal abnormalities in common roach and common rudd from the cooling pond of the Chornobyl NPP were studied. Various types of abnormalities were observed, including additional processes of neural and haemal spines, vertebral fusions, deformations of vertebrae, spine, and ribs. The number and severity of abnormalities were found to be correlated with the level of radioactive contamination in the water bodies.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Juan Du, Mark Baskaran, Jinzhou Du
SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jeffrey Howard, Jonathan Weyhrauch, Glenn Loriaux, Brandy Schultz, Mark Baskaran
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Melissa M. Baustian, Yolanda M. Brooks, Mark Baskaran, Peter R. Leavitt, Bo Liu, Nathaniel Ostrom, R. Jan Stevenson, Joan B. Rose
JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wokil Bam, Kanchan Maiti, Mark Baskaran, Katherine Krupp, Phoebe J. Lam, Yang Xiang
Correction
Environmental Sciences
John Niedermiller, Mark Baskaran
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Weiguo Zhang, Zhenming Ge, Mark Mahalingam Baskaran
ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. Behbehani, S. Uddin, M. Baskaran
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mark Baskaran, Rajalakshmi Mudbidre, Linda Schweitzer
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinlong Wang, Mark Baskaran, Anupam Kumar, Omer Bilhan, Carol J. Miller
Summary: Sediment cores from the Kizilirmak River in Turkey were analyzed for metals to reconstruct historical pollution variations. The profiles of lead and plutonium indicate mixing processes, with a peak in metal release during the 1970s.
JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Clarke A. Knight, Mark Baskaran, M. Jane Bunting, Marie Champagne, Matthew D. Potts, David Wahl, James Wanket, John J. Battles
Summary: Quantitative reconstructions of past vegetation abundance using pollen accumulation rates show promise as a bioproxy, with different metrics enhancing prediction accuracy when calibrating the model.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wokil Bam, Kanchan Maiti, Mark Baskaran
Summary: The distribution and vertical fluxes of particulate organic carbon and other key elements in the Arctic Ocean are mainly influenced by primary productivity, ice cover, and lateral exchange. Seasonal vertical fluxes of particulate organic and inorganic carbon, nitrogen, and biogenic silica were studied using tracers in the western Arctic Basin in 2015. The results highlight the importance of POC and PN fluxes in seasonal vertical transport, with the highest fluxes observed in ice-covered stations in the northern region.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mark Baskaran, Katherine Krupp
Summary: By analyzing Po-210 and Pb-210 disequilibria in various matrices such as aerosols, snow, ice cores, melt ponds, and ice-rafted sediments, as well as measuring the Po-210/Pb-210 activity ratios, researchers have developed a novel chronometer for dating snow, ice cores, melt ponds, and ice-rafted sediments. The observed disequilibrium in ice between Po-210 and Pb-210 can be used as a quantitative tool in distinguishing between multi-year and seasonal ice, and as a metric for quantifying the speed of ice/snow melting and the delay in autumn freeze.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
M. Baskaran, K. Krupp, W. Bam, K. Maiti
Summary: Climate change is leading to unprecedented transformations in the Arctic Ocean, particularly in the decline of seasonal ice coverage. This study investigates the changes in particulate and dissolved activities of Po-210 and Pb-210 in the water column over the years. The results show significant changes in the partitioning of these radionuclides between 2007 and 2015, while the total activities remained relatively stable. The study also reveals imbalances in the water column and variations in scavenging efficiencies and intensities based on ice coverage.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Max Denny, Mark Baskaran, Chelsea Walsh, Vanessa Ibrahim
Summary: High resolution gamma spectrometry is a widely used technique for measuring environmental Pb-210 in sediment. This study presents a method for precise measurement of Pb-210 activity in sediment samples by calibrating the detector with a certified reference material. The study also investigates the self-attenuation effects of Pb-210 and compares the specific activity of Pb-210 measured by alpha and gamma spectrometry. The findings are relevant and useful for measuring gamma-emitting environmental radionuclides.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fule Zhang, Jinlong Wang, Mark Baskaran, Qiangqiang Zhong, Yali Wang, Jussi Paatero, Jinzhou Du
Summary: The study presents a global dataset of air concentration and depositional flux measurements of Be-7 and Pb-210, collected from research communities worldwide, which can be used to trace the behavior of atmospheric aerosols and soil redistribution processes on Earth’s surface. The dataset, archived and freely available for the scientific community, serves as baseline data for future research.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2021)