Article
Clinical Neurology
Soeren Mattke, Donnie Batie, Joshua Chodosh, Kristen Felten, Ellen Flaherty, Nicole R. R. Fowler, Fred A. A. Kobylarz, Kelly O'Brien, Russ Paulsen, Anne Pohnert, Katherine L. L. Possin, Tatiana Sadak, Diane Ty, Amy Walsh, Julie M. M. Zissimopoulos
Summary: Mild cognitive impairment is often not diagnosed, especially in disadvantaged populations, resulting in missed opportunities for treatment, lifestyle changes, and disease-modifying interventions. Experts recommend three strategies to increase the use of brief cognitive assessments in primary care: providing suitable assessment tools, integrating assessments into routine workflows, and implementing payment policies to encourage adoption.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Benjamin M. Hampstead, Anthony Y. Stringer, Alexandru D. Iordan, Robert Ploutz-Snyder, K. Sathian
Summary: Cognitive training is a potential technique for treating cognitive impairment caused by neurological injury and disease. Different training methods have different mechanisms of action and engage distinct brain regions. Mnemonic strategy training (MST) showed superior effects in the short term and increased activation and functional connectivity in multiple brain regions.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pengxu Wei
Summary: Alzheimer's pathology can be assessed using A beta and tau biomarkers. The preclinical period of the disease is long-lasting. While effective therapies for blocking the disease's pathological processes are lacking, developed countries have seen a decrease in the incidence and prevalence of dementia. Education, cognitive training, physical exercise, and a healthy lifestyle can protect cognitive function and promote healthy aging. Detection and intervention in the transitional cognitive decline stage may be more effective compared to the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage. New tools are needed for rapid screening of cognitive function.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Sochocka, Julia Karska, Magdalena Pszczolowska, Michal Ochnik, Michal Fulek, Katarzyna Fulek, Donata Kurpas, Justyna Chojdak-Lukasiewicz, Anna Rosner-Tenerowicz, Jerzy Leszek
Summary: Early and premature menopause, known as premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), affects 1% of women under 40. This review explores the impact of early and premature menopause on cognitive decline. Cognitive complaints are more common during menopause due to decreased hormone levels, particularly estrogen. Premature reduction in estrogen increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, depression, osteoporosis, and cognitive disorders. Hormone therapy during menopause may reduce the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) later in life. Multidisciplinary care is necessary to maintain mental health in women with earlier menopause.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Zhihai Huang, J. Dedrick Jordan, Quanguang Zhang
Summary: Neurological conditions, such as cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, have a significant impact on society, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Recent studies suggest that besides genetic factors, environmental and experiential factors may contribute to the development of these diseases. Early life adversity (ELA) has been found to have a profound effect on brain function and health in later life. Research using rodent models has shown that exposure to ELA leads to specific cognitive deficits and worsened pathology related to Alzheimer's disease. There is growing concern about the increased risk of cognitive impairments in individuals with a history of ELA. This review examines evidence from both human and animal studies, focusing on the link between ELA and cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. The findings suggest that ELA, particularly during early postnatal stages, increases susceptibility to cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease later in life. Mechanistically, ELA may disrupt the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, alter the gut microbiome, cause chronic inflammation, impair oligodendrocyte function, result in hypomyelination, and disrupt adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Crosstalk between these factors may contribute synergistically to cognitive impairment in later life. Additionally, several interventions that could help mitigate the adverse effects of ELA are discussed. Further research in this important area will improve the management of ELA and reduce the burden of related neurological conditions.
TRANSLATIONAL NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
James E. Galvin, Paul Aisen, Jessica B. Langbaum, Eric Rodriguez, Marwan Sabbagh, Richard Stefanacci, Robert A. Stern, Elizabeth A. Vassey, Arno de Wilde, Neva West, Ivana Rubino
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that poses complex challenges for patients and caregivers. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for optimizing outcomes, yet many patients in the early stages remain undiagnosed due to barriers in the diagnostic journey. International experts have collaborated to create a patient-centered diagnostic blueprint for individuals in the early stages of AD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nursing
Shi-Hui Pang, Su-Fee Lim, Chiew-Jiat Siah
Summary: This review evaluated the effectiveness of online memory training interventions on improving memory in patients with early-stage dementia. The interventions were found to have a moderate effect size in improving memory outcomes, as well as showing improvements in cognition and psychological outcomes. Individual online interventions were found to be more effective compared to group face-to-face interventions.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tau Ming Liew
Summary: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) in early dementia are associated with the risk of progression to severe dementia, particularly in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Different NPSs show varying levels of association with disease progression, with seven symptoms in AD and only hallucinations and delusions in non-AD demonstrating a significant relationship.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sylvain Lehmann, Susanna Schraen-Maschke, Jean-Sebastien Vidal, Constance Delaby, Frederic Blanc, Claire Paquet, Bernadette Allinquant, Stephanie Bombois, Audrey Gabelle, Olivier Hanon
Summary: Plasma P-tau181 is a diagnostic marker for Alzheimer's disease that effectively detects A beta+ status and conversion to dementia. However, its levels can be influenced by renal function and should be taken into account in the diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Yang Liu, Yi Xing, Zi-Heng Zhang, Qing-Ge Zhang, Ming Dong, Haibo Wang, Longjun Cai, Xiaoyi Wang, Yi Tang
Summary: Computerized cognitive training (CCT) can reliably assess cognitive status and distinguish patients with dementia from patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Yi-Chun Kuan, Li-Kai Huang, Yuan-Hung Wang, Chaur-Jong Hu, Ing-Jy Tseng, Hung-Chou Chen, Li-Fong Lin
Summary: This study compared the balance and gait performance among older adults with preserved cognition, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease, revealing that individuals with cognitive impairments showed significantly worse balance and gait indices compared to healthy controls.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jordan M. Glenn, Kelsey Bryk, Jennifer R. Myers, John Anderson, Kaori Onguchi, Jacob Mcfarlane, Satoshi Ozaki
Summary: Introduction: Japan has the largest aging population, with 33% of the population over the age of 60 years. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy and the relationship between the digital Neurotrack Cognitive Assessment Battery (N-CAB) and traditional cognitive assessments, such as the Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) and the Revised Hasegawa's Dementia Scale (HDS-R), in a Japanese-based neuropsychology clinic. Results: The Image Pairs and Symbol Match assessments of the N-CAB showed high diagnostic accuracy with sensitivities ranging from 94% to 96% and specificities ranging from 74% to 89% for probable Alzheimer's disease. In combination with Path Points, the sensitivity and specificity reached 94% and 90%, respectively. All N-CAB assessments had significant correlations with the MMSE and HDS-R. Discussion: The N-CAB assessment battery may be a suitable alternative for early detection of Alzheimer's disease.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sephira G. Ryman, Maya Yutsis, Lu Tian, Victor W. Henderson, Thomas J. Montine, David P. Salmon, Douglas Galasko, Kathleen L. Poston
Summary: The impact of co-occurring ADNC on cognitive deficits varies by domain and the pathological stage of Lewy bodies, with executive/visuospatial deficits most severe in combined LBD and ADNC group when Lewy bodies are confined to the brainstem, and memory deficits significantly greater in ADNC only and combined pathology group compared to Lewy body disease only, regardless of stage.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lucas R. Trambaiolli, Raymundo Cassani, David M. A. Mehler, Tiago H. Falk
Summary: Neurofeedback training has been explored as a potential complementary treatment for patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. While most studies show improved scores in cognitive tests, data from randomized controlled trials are scarce, and clinical evidence based on standardized metrics is still inconclusive.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Haiqing Liu, Longhuo Wu
Summary: Bilingualism significantly delays the onset of dementia and protects against cognitive decline, acting as a pharmacological intervention with no side effects. However, further research is needed to investigate the pharmacological parameters of bilingualism.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Willem S. Eikelboom, Jana Koch, Elizabeth Beattie, Nicola T. Lautenschlager, Colleen Doyle, Esther van den Berg, Janne M. Papma, Kaarin J. Anstey, Moyra E. Mortby
Summary: This study analyzed electronic care notes from residential aged care facilities to investigate the reporting and management of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) by staff. The findings suggest that staff primarily focus on and respond to NPS they perceive as distressing, potentially leading to under-recognition of specific NPS types and a lack of routine assessment and management of underlying causes.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Deborah Brooks, Elizabeth Beattie, Helen Edwards, Elaine Fielding, Joseph E. Gaugler
Summary: This study tested the feasibility and acceptability of delivering the Residential Care Transition Module (RCTM) to Australian spousal carers. The intervention was considered acceptable and retention rate was high. Significant time effects were found for stress, depression and nursing home hassles, with a significant interaction effect favoring the comparison group in terms of quality-of-life.
CLINICAL GERONTOLOGIST
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Douglas L. Leslie, Donna M. Fick, Amber Moore, Sharon K. Inouye, Yoojin Jung, Long H. Ngo, Marie Boltz, Erica Husser, Priyanka Shrestha, Malaz Boustani, Edward R. Marcantonio
Summary: The adaptive delirium identification protocol directed by an iPad app is cost-effective for screening delirium among hospitalized older adults, with certified nursing assistants and nurses having the lowest salary-associated costs for app-directed CAM-based delirium screening and identification, respectively.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Martine Kajander, Martha Therese Gjestsen, Vigdis Vagle, Malfrid Meling, Anne Torsvik Henriksen, Ingelin Testad
Summary: Educating and supporting people with early-stage dementia through health promotion courses can help them cope with and adjust to the condition. The study found that learning about dementia, meeting others in the same situation, focusing on maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and promoting family communication were particularly important for the participants.
EDUCATIONAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gerontology
Caroline Madrigal, Jacqueline Mogle, Katherine Abbott, Whitney L. Mills, Donna M. Fick, Dennis Scanlon, Liza Behrens, Karen Eshraghi, Kimberly VanHaitsma
Summary: This study found a correlation between residents' satisfaction with care related to their preferences and their overall satisfaction with care in nursing homes. Improving preference satisfaction ratings has the potential to enhance person-centered care planning and delivery in nursing homes.
JOURNAL OF AGING & SOCIAL POLICY
(2022)
Review
Nursing
Shirley Chambers, Amy Spooner, Christina Parker, Leanne Jack, Linda Schnitker, Elizabeth Beattie, Patsy Yates, Margaret MacAndrew
Summary: This study aimed to identify the clinical indicators of acute deterioration in residents and the factors that influence residential aged care facility staff's ability to identify them. The findings suggest that subtle changes in residents' health status should be recognized and considered in the design of early warning tools for aged care facilities. It is recommended to develop early warning tools sensitive to the unique needs of residents and provide support for aged care facility staff to improve their ability to identify and manage acute deterioration early and avoid hospitalization.
JOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Priyanka Shrestha, Donna M. M. Fick
Summary: This article summarizes the common occurrence of delirium in persons with dementia and the shortage of recommended tools for diagnosing delirium in this population. The article aims to review the detection of delirium, identify barriers and facilitators, and make recommendations for future research, practice, and policy.
Letter
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ashley Kuzmik, John Hannan, Marie Boltz, Priyanka Shrestha, Erica K. K. Husser, Donna M. M. Fick, Edward R. R. Marcantonio
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Molly Maxfield, Lindsey Beagley, Allie Peckham, M. Aaron Guest, Hannah L. Giasson, DeAnnah R. Byrd, Chung Jung Mun, Fang Yu, Ted K. S. Ng, Janet S. Pohl, Rachel E. Koffer, Ross Andel, David W. Coon
Summary: University-based retirement communities (UBRCs) are a recent housing option for older adults, and this study focuses on the example of Mirabella at Arizona State University. It explores the planning process, collaborations with research faculty, and the alignment with AFU principles and New American University model. Further research is needed to understand the impact of UBRCs on individual, community, and university outcomes.
JOURNAL OF AGING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jon Arild Aakre, Joern Schulz, Clive Ballard, Anne Corbett, Bjorn Bjorvatn, Dag Aarsland, Byron Creese, Adam Hampshire, Helen Brooker, Ingelin Testad
Summary: Short sleep duration, long sleep duration, and sleep fragmentation are associated with cognitive decline.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jinjiao Wang, Jenny Y. Shen, Yeates Conwell, Fang Yu, Kobi Nathan, Kathi L. Heffner, Yue Li, Thomas V. Caprio
Summary: This study examined the use of antipsychotic medications among older adults receiving home health care, and found that patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias were more likely to use these medications and experienced worse functional outcomes when using them.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Min Ji Kwak, Sharon K. Inouye, Donna M. Fick, Alice Bonner, Terry Fulmer, Emily Carter, Victor Tabbush, Kerri Maya, Nicholas Reed, Christine Waszynski, Esther S. Oh
Summary: Delirium is a significant condition in the geriatric population, and its management requires person-centered approaches. The Age-Friendly Health System (AFHS) initiative introduced the 4Ms framework, which aligns with optimal delirium management. This article demonstrates the application of AFHS in delirium management and suggests future directions for research and healthcare system reform.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Alison R. Anderson, Ishika Mahajan, Jodi L. Ford, Kathy D. Wright, Amy R. Mackos, Karen M. Rose, Todd B. Monroe, Karen O. Moss
Summary: This paper provides a study procedure for at-home, scalp hair self-collection for cortisol concentration analysis for dyads consisting of a person living with Alzheimer's disease and their family caregiver. Participants receive a package with necessary tools and detailed guides to collect hair samples at home, and then mail them to the laboratory for analysis.
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Haozuo Zhao, Haitao Chu, Sicheng Zhou, Fang Yu, Xianghua Luo, Rui Zhang
2022 IEEE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS (ICHI 2022)
(2022)
Article
Gerontology
Yinfei Duan, Christine A. Mueller, Fang Yu, Kristine M. Talley, Tetyana P. Shippee
Summary: The study found that culture change practices, including physical environment transformation, staff empowerment, staff leadership, and end-of-life care, were positively correlated with resident quality of life and family satisfaction. Staff empowerment had the most significant impact. Implementing small-home and household models helped buffer the positive relationships between staff empowerment and outcomes.
