Article
Soil Science
Simin Gu, Simin Jiang, Xianwen Li, Na Zheng, Xuemin Xia
Summary: In this study, the rapid electromagnetic induction survey was used to establish an empirical relationship between soil volumetric water content, salinity, and electrical conductivity for fine modeling and forecasting of water-salt transport in arid zones. Deep learning was employed to set up a surrogate model for electromagnetic induction inverse problem, revealing the vertical distribution of soil salinity during salt leaching. The accuracy of the model was improved by incorporating shallow ground water content data into the inversion based on electromagnetic apparent conductivity.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Alberto Pascual, Jesus Acero, Sergio Llorente, Claudio Carretero, Jose M. Burdio
Summary: This paper presents a new use of induction cooktops to prepare infusions directly in a ceramic mug. A water heater with an immersible metallic load is proposed, which can be embedded in small ceramic vessels. The feasibility of this proposal has been demonstrated through a finite element analysis model and experimental results. The immersible water heater powered by an induction cooktop shows promising results compared to other liquid heating systems.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Maoxin Su, Minglong Chu, Yiguo Xue, Xiaoyin Ma, Zhanying Ju
Summary: Analyzing the transient electromagnetic responses of geological anomalous bodies is important for improving interpretation accuracy. The transient electromagnetic method (TEM) using small-fixed loops is challenging to obtain accurate induced electromotive force. This study established five model tests to investigate the transient electromagnetic response of typical geological anomalous bodies using small-fixed loops. The results showed that the corrected TEM using small-fixed loops had a more accurate response to anomalous bodies and better delineated their spatial distribution and shape characteristics.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Gian Piero Deidda, Lorenzo De Carlo, Maria Clementina Caputo, Giorgio Cassiani
Summary: The frequency-domain electromagnetic (FDEM) methods are a powerful tool for evaluating the impact of anthropic facilities on natural environments. It allows noninvasive investigation of large areas with no impact on the system. This technique is crucial for capped landfills, as the impermeable liner limits other investigation methods. It provides the only effective solution for static imaging and time-lapse monitoring of processes in waste deposits.
Article
Thermodynamics
Piotr Bulinski, Jacek Smolka, Slawomir Golak, Roman Przylucki, Michal Palacz, Grzegorz Siwiec, Bartlomiej Melka, Leszek Blacha
Summary: This paper discusses a numerical and experimental study of the refining process in a vacuum induction furnace for an Al-Zn alloy, examining two types of cold crucibles and developing an in-house code to simulate coupling between electromagnetic and fluid dynamic fields. The new crucible design significantly shortened the refining time and coil input power, providing information on advantageous refining operating conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhengyu Xu, Xian Liao, Longhuan Liu, Nengyi Fu, Zhihong Fu
Summary: This article proposes a method to solve the lag problem in the theoretical research on the forward and inversion of the small-loop transient electromagnetic (TEM) method. By dividing the transmitter source into an infinite number of electric dipoles and deducing the calculation expressions for electromagnetic field components satisfied by the electric dipoles, the forward calculation problem of the layered model of the small-loop TEM method is solved. In addition, the simulated annealing (SA) method is presented for inversion calculation, and the research results demonstrate that the SA algorithm is an excellent global optimization algorithm for small-loop TEM data processing.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Review
Physics, Condensed Matter
Helmut Schiessel
Summary: DNA molecules with a length of two meters contain genetic information in every cell. Cells use sophisticated physical mechanisms to control gene access, organize spatial structure, duplicate and separate genetic material. Base pair sequences multiplex information, chromatin remodelers mobilize nucleosomes, loop extruders organize chromatin spatially, and biomolecular condensates concentrate molecules in specialized compartments. This review discusses the understanding of these mechanisms in genetic material organization.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kai Cheng, Maoxin Su, Yiguo Xue, Xiaoyin Ma, Congcong Li
Summary: Understanding the response of the transient electromagnetic method (TEM) is crucial to improve tunnel forward geological prediction. Model tests were conducted to study the response of small fixed-loop and central-loop TEM to water-bearing structures in tunnels. The results showed that small fixed-loop TEM is more sensitive to water-bearing structures and provides more accurate imaging results compared to central-loop TEM. The engineering application demonstrated the effectiveness of small fixed-loop TEM in detecting water-bearing structures, providing practical guidance for tunnel construction and disaster management.
ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenping Xie, Jingsong Yang, Rongjiang Yao, Xiangping Wang
Summary: The study focuses on the temporal variation and spatial distribution characteristics of soil salinity in the Yangtze River Estuary using geostatistics combined with electromagnetic induction survey method. The research developed regional soil salinity survey and mapping by coupling limited laboratory data with proximal sensed data obtained from EM and analyzed the variation of soil salinity in different hydrological years under the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Cena T. Mohamadi, Mohammad Asefi, Sandeep Thakur, Jitendra Paliwal, Colin Gilmore
Summary: The study introduces an enhanced ferrite-loaded shielded half-loop antenna design to improve electromagnetic imaging monitoring within metallic grain bins.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xuguang Zhang, Yunmeng Liu, Huixian Duan, E. Zhang
Summary: Compared to wide-field telescopes, small-field detection systems have higher spatial resolution, resulting in stronger detection capabilities and higher positioning accuracy. However, when detecting using small fields in synchronous orbit, it is difficult to distinguish space debris from fixed stars as they are imaged as point targets. Moreover, the increase in the number of stars in the background poses higher requirements on recognition algorithms. Therefore, this paper proposes a real-time star extraction method based on adaptive filtering and multi-frame projection to address these difficulties.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Roberto Cabrer, Luis A. Gallardo, Carlos Flores
Summary: This study explores the advantages of implicit finite-difference modeling techniques for time-domain electromagnetic problems in geophysics. By analyzing two implicit finite-difference formulations, the researchers found that the second-order discrete operator provides higher accuracy with no significant difference in computing time.
Article
Robotics
Guoxiang Zhang, Holley Moyes, YangQuan Chen
Summary: This article presents a novel three-dimensional reconstruction system for mapping large archeological caves using data collected by a small unmanned aircraft system with red, green, and blue-depth cameras. The system addresses the challenges of complex geometric structures and camera tracking errors, improving the accuracy and robustness of reconstruction results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ROBOTIC SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Mohammad Farzamian, Fethi Bouksila, Ana Marta Paz, Fernando Monteiro Santos, Nessrine Zemni, Fairouz Slama, Abir Ben Slimane, Tarek Selim, John Triantafilis
Summary: Approximately half of Tunisia's irrigated area is affected by soil salinization due to arid and semi-arid conditions, low-quality water irrigation, shallow and saline groundwater, and poor drainage. This study used non-invasive electromagnetic induction (EMI) instrument, EM38, to collect apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) data and estimated the spatial distribution of true soil electrical conductivity (sigma) using a quasi-3d (q-3d) inversion algorithm. The results showed that the inversion of ECa measured at 0 and 0.2 m heights had the best coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.61) between sigma and ECe.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qian Wang, Mengyue Han, Yuanlan Wen, Min He, Xiufeng He
Summary: This paper presents an accurate quantitative segmentation method by analyzing the probability distribution of tracking variance and strict derivation based on the tracking loop theory. The proposed method provides a new performance evaluation approach at the theoretical level and offers theoretical support for designing new-type tracking loops with enhanced performances.