Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Asdis Benediktsdottir, Olafur Gudmundsson, Ka Lok Li, Bryndis Brandsdottir
Summary: Research shows that volcanic eruptions in Iceland are generally preceded by an increase in tremor levels, which do not have a clear onset like earthquakes. During the Eyjafjallajokull summit eruption, volcanic tremor frequencies ranged between 0.5 and 10 Hz, and the power variations of the tremor with distance from the eruption site indicate that surface waves dominate the tremor waveform content in the 0.5-2 Hz frequency range. The pattern of radiated wave energy from the tremor source varied with time, defining ten different epochs during the eruption.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Asdis Benediktsdottir, Olafur Gudmundsson, Ka Lok Li, Bryndis Brandsdottir
Summary: Volcanic eruptions in Iceland are often preceded by an increase in tremor levels, which vary in frequency and can be influenced by different factors. The source of the tremors may be shallow, less than about 1 km deep, and the pattern of wave energy radiated from the tremor source changes over time.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Corentin Caudron, Jean Soubestre, Thomas Lecocq, Robert S. White, Bryndis Brandsdottir, Lion Krischer
Summary: Applying seismic interferometry and network covariance matrix-based analyses to the 2010 Eyjafjallajokull volcano eruption shed new insights into volcanic tremor. The source locations and characteristics of tremor varied between the effusive flank and explosive-effusive summit eruptions. The study highlights the importance of new data processing methodologies for real-time monitoring of volcanic tremor.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maurizio Battaglia, Carolina Pagli, Stefano Meuti
Summary: Research on the subsidence of Dallol volcano suggests that the most likely explanation is a combination of outgassing, cooling, and contraction of a shallow crustal magma chamber or hydrothermal system. The subsidence began in October 2008 and continued at a rate of up to 10 cm/year until at least February 2010.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andres E. Bedoya-Velasquez, Manuela Hoyos-Restrepo, Africa Barreto, Rosa D. Garcia, Pedro Miguel Romero-Campos, Omaira Garcia, Ramon Ramos, Reijo Roininen, Carlos Toledano, Michael Sicard, Romain Ceolato
Summary: This study presents a synergistic approach to studying the aerosol optical and microphysical properties during the 2021 eruption of the Cumbre Vieja volcano in La Palma, Spain. The study aims to characterize the different phases of the volcanic eruption by analyzing the spatio-temporal evolution of the event and quantifying the mass concentration in four atmospheric layers. The impact of the volcanic plume reaching the South of France is also analyzed.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Mehmood, Sajid Saleem, Renato Filjar
Summary: This study assessed the effects of the Eyjafjallajokull volcanic ash crisis in 2010 on the ionosphere and GPS positioning. By analyzing data and comparing GPS positioning errors, it was found that the volcanic ash event led to a 15% increase in ionosphere error and an increased variance in GPS position errors. This study revealed the potential impact of volcanic ash on GPS positioning accuracy and established a foundation for studying similar events in the future.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianyu Zheng, Zhibo Zhang, Hongbin Yu, Anne Garnier, Qianqian Song, Chenxi Wang, Claudia Di Biagio, Jasper F. Kok, Yevgeny Derimian, Claire Ryder
Summary: A novel algorithm was developed in this study to retrieve dust aerosol optical depth (DAOD) and coarse-mode dust effective diameter (Deff) over global oceans using collocated Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) thermal infrared (TIR) observations and CloudAerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) dust vertical profiles. The accuracy of Deff retrieval was assessed by comparing retrieved Deff with in situ-measured dust particle size distribution (PSD) from multiple field campaigns. The new DAOD retrievals showed good agreement with previous retrievals and significantly reduced retrieval uncertainties due to better dust size constraint. Climatological analysis of coarse-mode dust Deff revealed regional and seasonal variations.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianyu Zheng, Zhibo Zhang, Anne Garnier, Hongbin Yu, Qianqian Song, Chenxi Wang, Philippe Dubuisson, Claudia Di Biagio
Summary: Recent studies have shown that global climate models underestimate the size of dust particles, particularly the larger ones, which leads to an underestimation of the direct radiative effect of dust in the thermal infrared region. This study presents a simple approach to retrieve the optical depth of dust over the oceans at night using observations from the Infrared Imaging Radiometer and the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization. The study finds that the retrieval of dust optical depth is more affected by the particle size distribution assumption than the refractive indices of the dust.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haoyang Li, Xiaocheng Wei, Min Min, Bo Li, Ziqi Nong, Lin Chen
Summary: This study develops a new objective detection algorithm for overshooting cloud tops (OT) based on geostationary satellite observations. The algorithm's accuracy is verified through comparison with radar echo and MODIS 250 m cloud images. The statistically analyzed long time series data shows that OT events are mainly concentrated in equatorial and low latitude regions, with higher frequency in summer. The study also highlights the close connection between the seasonal shift of OT and the global distribution of average precipitation.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Pierre Delmelle, Elena C. Maters, Julie A. Calkins, Francois Gaspard, Sophie Opfergelt, Susanna F. Jenkins
Summary: The presence of fluoride-bearing compounds in volcanic ash poses significant environmental and health hazards. Research suggests the existence of silicon hexafluoride salts, particularly Na2SiF6, in magmatic ash, which affects the F- concentration, acidity, and dissolved silicon isotope values. This highlights the important role of Na2SiF6 in modulating the environmental and health effects of ash emissions from fluorine-rich magmatic eruptions.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Amy Donovan, Melissa Pfeffer, Talfan Barnie, Georgina Sawyer, Tjarda Roberts, Baldur Bergsson, Evgenia Ilyinskaya, Nial Peters, Iris Buisman, Arni Snorrason, Vitchko Tsanev, Clive Oppenheimer
Summary: This study presents interdisciplinary observations of the eruptions of Eyjafjallajokull and Baroarbunga volcanoes in Iceland in 2010 and 2014-2015, respectively. The findings provide insights into the processes and atmospheric impacts of the eruptions, as well as a comparison of different eruptive styles and hazards. The results indicate significant differences in gas composition between the eruptions, with the deeper stored Eyjafjallajokull magmas showing higher Cl enrichment relative to S. Additionally, the study shows that SO2 degassing from lava fields accounted for 5-20% of total emissions during the Holuhraun eruption, and the lava emissions were enriched in Cl, particularly during the Fimmvorouhals eruption. Furthermore, the presence of BrO in Icelandic plumes despite low UV levels was observed.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
J. Bruckert, L. Hirsch, A. Horvath, R. A. Kahn, T. Koelling, L. O. Muser, C. Timmreck, H. Vogel, S. Wallis, G. A. Hoshyaripour
Summary: In this study, the authors used the ICON-ART model to investigate the aging of volcanic ash aerosols and the production of sulfates following the 2021 La Soufriere eruption. They found that online coupling of the model was essential for accurately simulating the evolution of volcanic emissions and plume development. The simulated aerosol aging showed good agreement with observations from remote sensing instruments.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
D. Skye Kushner, Taryn M. M. Lopez, Kristi L. L. Wallace, David E. E. Damby, Christoph Kern, Cheryl E. E. Cameron
Summary: This study analyzes the mercury concentrations in 227 bulk ash samples from the Mount Spurr (1992), Redoubt Volcano (2009), and Augustine Volcano (2006) eruptions. The results show that there is no significant difference in mercury concentrations based on distance or discrete eruptive events, but there is a significant difference among different volcanic sources. It is also found that previous approaches to estimate volcanic total mercury emissions underestimate the mercury emitted in explosive events.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Matthieu Plu, Guillaume Bigeard, Bojan Sic, Emanuele Emili, Luca Bugliaro, Laaziz El Amraoui, Jonathan Guth, Beatrice Josse, Lucia Mona, Dennis Piontek
Summary: Numerical dispersion models are used worldwide to mitigate the impact of volcanic ash on aviation. A study using the MOCAGE model during the EUNADICS-AV project showed that a resolved source term formulation using the FPLUME plume rise model provides a more realistic representation of the horizontal dispersion of ash plumes. Assimilation of MODIS aerosol optical depth has a low impact on horizontal dispersion compared to source term improvement, while continuous assimilation of ground-based lidar profiles can improve the vertical distribution of ash concentrations and have a lasting effect downstream.
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ingibjorg L. Omarsdottir, Gudrun Petursdottir, Deanne K. Bird, Gudrun Gisladottir
Summary: This qualitative study explores the role of different forms of social capital in the recovery of families affected by the 2010 Eyjafjallajokull eruption in Iceland. The results emphasize the importance of bonding, bridging, and linking social capital in providing support for the affected community. The study also highlights the need for improved services and equitable access to social support in order to facilitate the recovery process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. Kar, M. Vaughan, J. Tackett, Z. Liu, A. Omar, S. Rodier, C. Trepte, P. Lucker
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jonathan H. Jiang, Hui Su, Lei Huang, Yuan Wang, Steven Massie, Bin Zhao, Ali Omar, Zhien Wang
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ali H. Omar, Maria Tzortziou, Odele Coddington, Lorraine A. Remerd
JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING
(2018)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hongbin Yu, Qian Tan, Mian Chin, Lorraine A. Remer, Ralph A. Kahn, Huisheng Bian, Dongchul Kim, Zhibo Zhang, Tianle Yuan, Ali H. Omar, David M. Winker, Robert C. Levy, Olga Kalashnikova, Laurent Crepeau, Virginie Capelle, Alain Chedin
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2019)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Robert J. Frouin, Bryan A. Franz, Amir Ibrahim, Kirk Knobelspiesse, Ziauddin Ahmad, Brian Cairns, Jacek Chowdhary, Heidi M. Dierssen, Jing Tan, Oleg Dubovik, Xin Huang, Anthony B. Davis, Olga Kalashnikova, David R. Thompson, Lorraine A. Remer, Emmanuel Boss, Odele Coddington, Pierre-Yves Deschamps, Bo-Cai Gao, Lydwine Gross, Otto Hasekamp, Ali Omar, Bruno Pelletier, Didier Ramon, Francois Steinmetz, Peng-Wang Zhai
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2019)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lorraine A. Remer, Anthony B. Davis, Shana Mattoo, Robert C. Levy, Olga Kalashnikova, Odele Coddington, Jacek Chowdhary, Kirk Knobelspiesse, Xiaoguang Xu, Ziauddin Ahmad, Emmanuel Boss, Brian Cairns, Heidi M. Dierssen, David J. Diner, Bryan Franz, Robert Frouin, Bo-Cai Gao, Amir Ibrahim, J. Vanderlei Martins, Ali H. Omar, Omar Torres, Feng Xu, Peng-Wang Zhai
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Isber Ademaj, Hysni Jashari, Naser Gjonbalaj, Arta Syla
Summary: This article reports a very rare case of acquired intra-abdominal cryptorchidism due to adhesions after necrotizing enterocolitis. Newborns after NEC have a significant risk of developing intraperitoneal adhesions. The case described in this report involves a previously palpable neonatal testis in the inguinal canal that was pulled into the abdomen at seven months of age through adhesions between the testis and a segment of the sigmoid colon after NEC.
UROLOGY CASE REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Lorraine A. Remer, Kirk Knobelspiesse, Peng-Wang Zhai, Feng Xu, Olga Kalashnikova, Jacek Chowdhary, Otto Hasekamp, Oleg Dubovik, Lianghai Wu, Ziauddin Ahmad, Emmanuel Boss, Brian Cairns, Odele Coddington, Anthony B. Davis, Heidi M. Dierssen, David J. Diner, Bryan Franz, Robert Frouin, Bo-Cai Gao, Amir Ibrahim, Robert C. Levy, J. Vanderlei Martins, Ali H. Omar, Omar Torres
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Meloe S. Kacenelenbogen, Mark A. Vaughan, Jens Redemann, Stuart A. Young, Zhaoyan Liu, Yongxiang Hu, Ali H. Omar, Samuel LeBlanc, Yohei Shinozuka, John Livingston, Qin Zhang, Kathleen A. Powell
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2019)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shan Zeng, Mark Vaughan, Zhaoyan Liu, Charles Trepte, Jayanta Kar, Ali Omar, David Winker, Patricia Lucker, Yongxiang Hu, Brian Getzewich, Melody Avery
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2019)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zhaoyan Liu, Jayanta Kar, Shan Zeng, Jason Tackett, Mark Vaughan, Melody Avery, Jacques Pelon, Brian Getzewich, Kam-Pui Lee, Brian Magill, Ali Omar, Patricia Lucker, Charles Trepte, David Winker
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2019)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Man-Hae Kim, Ali H. Omar, Jason L. Tackett, Mark A. Vaughan, David M. Winker, Charles R. Trepte, Yongxiang Hu, Zhaoyan Liu, Lamont R. Poole, Michael C. Pitts, Jayanta Kar, Brian E. Magill
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2018)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bin Zhao, Jonathan H. Jiang, David J. Diner, Hui Su, Yu Gu, Kuo-Nan Liou, Zhe Jiang, Lei Huang, Yoshi Takano, Xuehua Fan, Ali H. Omar
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2018)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jayanta Kar, Mark A. Vaughan, Kam-Pui Lee, Jason L. Tackett, Melody A. Avery, Anne Garnier, Brian J. Getzewich, William H. Hunt, Damien Josset, Zhaoyan Liu, Patricia L. Lucker, Brian Magill, Ali H. Omar, Jacques Pelon, Raymond R. Rogers, Travis D. Toth, Charles R. Trepte, Jean-Paul Vernier, David M. Winker, Stuart A. Young
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2018)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Snorre Stamnes, Yongzhen Fang, Nan Chen, Wei Lie, Tomonori Tanikawa, Zhenyi Lin, Xu Liu, Sharon Burton, Ali Omar, Jakob J. Stamnes, Brian Cairns, Knut Stamnes
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2018)