Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
C. M. Siegert, Z. J. Suriano, D. J. Leathers, A. J. Gold, K. Addy, A. W. Schroth, E. Seybold, S. Inamdar, D. F. Levia
Summary: Synoptic typing is a useful method for classifying atmospheric conditions and their impacts on terrestrial processes, as shown in this study on stream dynamics in forested watersheds. Regional synoptic weather analyses provide valuable insights into variations in carbon and nitrate stream export. Regardless of watershed size or location, similar water and solute fluxes were classified using synoptic typing, with storms from more frequent synoptic types dominating the fluxes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Z. J. Suriano, C. M. Siegert, D. J. Leathers, A. J. Gold, K. Addy, A. W. Schroth, E. Seybold, S. Inamdar, D. F. Levia
Summary: Using synoptic classification techniques, this study analyzed the synoptic-scale weather types associated with large exports of dissolved organic carbon and nitrate-nitrogen in forested watersheds in the northeastern United States. It identified nine individual types that significantly influence stream chemistry exports, with the Arctic and North Atlantic Oscillations playing a major role in the interannual frequency of analyzed synoptic types.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ken'ichi Osaka, Takao Kunimatsu, Yoshifumi Hida, Yukio Komai, Masanori Katsuyama, Nobuhito Ohte
Summary: This study investigated the effects of hydrological conditions on nitrogen export from forests during rainfall events. The results showed that particulate nitrogen export increased more significantly with increasing streamflow compared to NO3- and dissolved organic nitrogen. During summer, NO3- export was higher than other seasons, possibly due to high soil nitrification activity. Soil nitrogen dynamics had a stronger impact on NO3- concentrations in stream water during rainfall events compared to base flow conditions. Regions with wet summers due to rainfall were more sensitive to NO3- export, and increased summer rainfall had a larger impact on nitrogen export from forest watersheds.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wang-Ping Chen
Summary: The article summarizes the spatial patterns of seismic faulting in northeastern Asia, identifying the characteristics of active deformation in the region and analyzing the seismic activity in different areas.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Mark B. Burnham, Martin J. Christ, Mary Beth Adams, William T. Peterjohn
Summary: The study investigated the impact of forest species composition changes on NO3- export. It was found that with the increase of maple tree importance, nitrification increased, but the total N uptake increased, leading to an offsetting change in NO3- supply and demand with a small net increase.
Article
Limnology
Noah P. Germolus, Patrick L. Brezonik, Raymond M. Hozalski, Jacques C. Finlay
Summary: Long-term trends in color (CDOM) in the Mississippi Headwaters reach are related to seasonally dominant changes in climatic conditions, with no monotonic trends in daily or mean annual color but trends in seasonal metrics on decadal scales.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bernhard Aichner, David Dubbert, Christine Kiel, Katrin Kohnert, Igor Ogashawara, Andreas Jechow, Sarah-Faye Harpenslager, Franz Hoelker, Jens Christian Nejstgaard, Hans-Peter Grossart, Gabriel Singer, Sabine Wollrab, Stella Angela Berger
Summary: Water stable isotopes (δO-18 and δH-2) in lakes and riverine systems in northeastern Germany were analyzed throughout 2020. The dataset includes samples collected at lake shores, buoys, selected spots in lakes, and the outflow of Muggelsee. The analysis provides information on the vegetation period, seasonal isotope amplitude, and spatial isotope variability in different branches of the riverine systems.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zewei Ma, Kaiyu Guan, Bin Peng, Murugesu Sivapalan, Li Li, Ming Pan, Wang Zhou, Richard Warner, Jingwen Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed observations from 83 intensively managed agricultural watersheds in the central U.S. Midwest and found that excessive nitrate export from agriculture degrades water quality. A coupled model was developed to explain the relationship between nitrate concentration and discharge, and quantify the main drivers. Agricultural practices and tile drainage were found to explain a significant portion of the spatial variability in nitrate concentration.
Article
Geography
Claudine Pied
Summary: Recent scholarship on rural politics in the United States has focused mainly on right-wing populism, but nonpartisan resistance to capital's power over the land is also significant. The financialization of forestland ownership in the US has diversified how companies profit from the land, creating new sources of profit but fewer jobs than traditional industries. Resistance to development projects, such as electrical transmission corridors proposed by international energy companies, reflects concerns about closed negotiations and power accumulation among a small number of actors.
JOURNAL OF RURAL STUDIES
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Weitian Ding, Urumu Tsunogai, Fumiko Nakagawa, Takashi Sambuichi, Masaaki Chiwa, Tamao Kasahara, Ken'ichi Shinozuka
Summary: Due to increased nitrogen deposition, some forested ecosystems become nitrogen saturated, resulting in elevated levels of exported nitrate. The study examined forested catchments in Japan and found that they were under nitrogen saturation, as indicated by high stream nitrate concentration and the ratio of atmospheric nitrate flux to deposition flux. The results suggest that nitrogen saturation contributes to the enrichment of stream nitrate in forested catchments, and the M-atm / D-atm ratio can serve as a robust index for evaluating nitrogen saturation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Madankui Tao, Arlene M. Fiore, Xiaomeng Jin, Luke D. Schiferl, Roisin Commane, Laura M. Judd, Scott Janz, John T. Sullivan, Paul J. Miller, Alexandra Karambelas, Sharon Davis, Maria Tzortziou, Lukas Valin, Andrew Whitehill, Kevin Civerolo, Yuhong Tian
Summary: Understanding the spatial and temporal variability of ozone formation on a local scale is crucial for effective mitigation. By combining airborne remote sensing data and ground-based measurements, this study investigates changes in ozone precursors and the inferred chemical production regime on high-ozone days in two Northeast urban domains. The results show that the ratio of HCHO-VCDTrop to NO2-VCDTrop generally increases on ozone exceedance days, indicating a transition towards a more NOx-sensitive ozone production regime. Warmer temperatures and local emissions play a role in the high-ozone days, with slower wind speeds in one domain and stronger, southwesterly winds in the other.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marcos Vinicius da Silva, Heliton Pandorfi, Alexandre Manitoba da Rosa Ferraz Jardim, Jose Francisco de Oliveira-Junior, Jesiele Silva da Divincula, Pedro Rogerio Giongo, Thieres George Freire da Silva, Gledson Luiz Pontes de Almeida, Geber Barbosa de Albuquerque Moura, Pabricio Marcos Oliveira Lopes
Summary: This study focused on characterizing the patterns of monthly rainfall in the mesoregions of Zona da Mata and Metropolitan of Recife in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Geostatistical techniques and multivariate analysis were used to analyze meteorological data from a 20-year time series, revealing the influence of oceanic and topographical factors on rainfall dynamics.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shugeng Dai, Dong Tan
Summary: Novel methods were used to evaluate the international manufacturing competitiveness of China and the U.S. The results showed that China's manufacturing power was greater than that of the United States, but its overall performance and international competitiveness were lower.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zeyu Xue, Paul A. Ullrich
Summary: Since the 1960s, the climate of the northeastern United States has become warmer and wetter, but short-term droughts still pose a significant risk. This study uses seven large ensemble models to investigate the impact of climate warming on drought frequency and characteristics in the region. The findings suggest a long-term wetting trend with more extremely wet months, but also more frequent short-term extreme droughts, which are associated with increasing precipitation, atmospheric water demand, and climate variability.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
S. G. Ngueuteu Mbouna, Tanmoy Banerjee, Eckehard Schoell
Summary: In this paper, the study focuses on the investigation of symmetry-breaking phenomena in neuronal networks using simplified versions of the FitzHughNagumo model. The network of FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators, in its original form, exhibits diverse partial synchronization patterns that are not observed in networks with simplified models. The study reports the discovery of a new type of chimera pattern and a peculiar hybrid state, as well as the emergence of oscillation death in the network. By deriving a reduced model, the transition from spatial chaos to oscillation death via the chimera state with a solitary state is explained. This study deepens the understanding of chimera patterns in neuronal networks.
Article
Water Resources
John L. Campbell, Lindsey E. Rustad, Scott W. Bailey, Emily S. Bernhardt, Charles T. Driscoll, Mark B. Green, Peter M. Groffman, Gary M. Lovett, William H. McDowell, Kevin J. McGuire, Emma J. Rosi
Summary: The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest was established in 1955 to study the impacts of logging on flooding and erosion. Through small watershed research, scientists have investigated element cycling and ecosystem responses to disturbances like forest management and air pollution. Early evidence of acid rain was found at the site, shaping policies for mitigation. New research at HBEF has shifted towards a more mechanistic understanding of ecosystem processes within watersheds.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Mark B. Green, Linda H. Pardo, Scott W. Bailey, John L. Campbell, William H. McDowell, Emily S. Bernhardt, Emma J. Rosi
Summary: The study used machine learning algorithms to predict solute concentrations, finding that Random Forest algorithm performed slightly better than the Support Vector Machine algorithm. The most sensitive factors for predicting solute concentrations were the removal of fluorescent dissolved organic matter, pH, and specific conductance, while dissolved oxygen and turbidity were the least sensitive.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mahnaz Valipour, Chris E. Johnson, John J. Battles, John L. Campbell, Timothy J. Fahey, Habibollah Fakhraei, Charles T. Driscoll
Summary: The biogeochemical model PnET-BGC was modified and validated using field data from experimental cutting watersheds, showing high accuracy in predicting ecosystem responses to cutting. Despite initial differences among cut watersheds, simulations consistently matched expectations and demonstrated the model's effectiveness in depicting ecosystem dynamics following forest cutting.
Article
Forestry
Robert P. Long, Scott W. Bailey, Stephen B. Horsley, Thomas J. Hall
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term effects of a one-time dolomitic limestone application in four northern hardwood stands on the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau in northern Pennsylvania. The results showed that the treated plots had higher concentrations of calcium and magnesium in the soils and foliage, as well as greater basal area increment in sugar maple trees. However, black cherry trees exhibited reduced growth in the treated plots. Overall, the study highlights the importance of efficient nutrient cycling in forests and suggests that operational liming may be more feasible over a substantial portion of a stand rotation.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
L. H. Pardo, M. B. Green, S. W. Bailey, K. J. McGuire, W. H. McDowell
Summary: This study examines the source area of streamwater nitrate under different flow conditions and finds that the bedrock-controlled areas contribute the most to nitrate export during high flows. Understanding these long-term nitrate dynamics is crucial for nitrogen management.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Ryan Ruggiero, Donald Ross, Joshua W. Faulkner
Summary: Tile drainage (TD) has been identified as a potential non-point source of phosphorus (P) pollution that can lead to water quality issues. In this study, TD flow and P export in three fields in Vermont, USA were monitored, and the results showed that TD was the dominant pathway for P export due to higher total discharge. The study also highlighted the impacts of current manure management and the potential for climate change to increase P transport to TD.
Article
Environmental Sciences
P. H. Templer, J. L. Harrison, F. Pilotto, A. Flores-Diaz, P. Haase, W. H. McDowell, R. Sharif, H. Shibata, D. Blankman, A. Avila, U. Baatar, H. R. Bogena, I Bourgeois, J. Campbell, T. Dirnboeck, W. K. Dodds, M. Hauken, I Kokorite, K. Lajtha, I-L Lai, H. Laudon, T. C. Lin, S. R. M. Lins, H. Meesenburg, P. Pinho, A. Robison, M. Rogora, B. Scheler, P. Schleppi, R. Sommaruga, T. Staszewski, M. Taka
Summary: This study synthesized data from sites around the globe to evaluate the effects of atmospheric nitrogen inputs and climate on stream nitrogen concentrations and fluxes. The findings indicate that atmospheric nitrogen inputs and precipitation remain important predictors for inorganic nitrogen exported from forested and grassland watersheds, despite declining nitrogen deposition over time.
Editorial Material
Biology
John L. Campbell, Charles T. Driscoll, Julia A. Jones, Emery R. Boose, Hilary A. Dugan, Peter M. Groffman, C. Rhett Jackson, Jeremy B. Jones, Glenn P. Juday, Noah R. Lottig, Brooke E. Penaluna, Roger W. Ruess, Katharine Suding, Jonathan R. Thompson, Jess K. Zimmerman
Summary: Forest and freshwater ecosystems provide important services, but climate change is affecting their species composition, structure, and function. Long-term studies are critical to understanding the impacts of climate change on these ecosystems.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Adrian R. H. Wiegman, G. Harrison Myers, Isabelle C. Augustin, Marcos L. Kubow, Maya J. Fein-Cole, Vanesa L. Perillo, Donald S. Ross, Rebecca M. Diehl, Kristen L. Underwood, William B. Bowden, Eric D. Roy
Summary: Wetlands are valuable ecosystems that support wildlife and play a crucial role in biogeochemical cycling. Efforts are being made to restore wetlands and floodplains. This study found that re-wetting drained and farmed soils can release phosphorus into surface waters, and the release is influenced by factors such as soil properties and farming frequency.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel Liptzin, Jens Boy, John L. Campbell, Nicholas Clarke, Jean-Paul Laclau, Roberto Godoy, Sherri L. Johnson, Klaus Kaiser, Gene E. Likens, Gunilla Pihl Karlsson, Daniel Markewitz, Michela Rogora, Stephen D. Sebestyen, James B. Shanley, Elena Vanguelova, Arne Verstraeten, Wolfgang Wilcke, Fred Worrall, William H. McDowell
Summary: Atmospheric deposition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays an important role in the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems. The concentration of DOC and precipitation are the key factors influencing the deposition of DOC, with higher concentrations observed in tropical regions. Seasonal variations in DOC concentration were observed, with higher concentrations during the growing season in temperate regions and during the dry season in tropical regions. Long-term data sets showed significant declines in DOC concentration, which may be attributed to decreases in anthropogenic emissions.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Rebecca R. Bourgault, Donald S. Ross, Scott W. Bailey, Nicolas Perdrial, Jennifer Bower
Summary: In headwater catchments, surface groundwater discharge areas are hot spots for solute contribution to streams. A study in the northeastern United States found two manganese-rich hot spots in poorly drained and moderately well-drained areas. The dominant oxidation state of manganese in the soil was Mn(IV), which is likely the result of oxidation by soil microbes. Small-scale variation due to groundwater and microtopography appears to be more important than regional-scale variation due to air pollution.
SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Ruth D. Yanai, Alexander R. Young, John L. Campbell, James A. Westfall, Charles J. Barnett, Gretchen A. Dillon, Mark B. Green, Christopher W. Woodall
Summary: Statistical confidence in estimates of timber volume, carbon storage, and other forest attributes is influenced by uncertainty in field measurements. This study compared measurements made by field crews and quality assurance crews in the US Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis program. The results showed that measurement uncertainty is generally small, but higher for certain variables requiring judgment. Uncertainties in basal area, timber volume, and aboveground biomass were negligible when scaled up to larger areas. Understanding sources of uncertainty is important for forest monitoring, inventory management, and policy decision making.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Gregory Lawrence, Ivan Fernandez, Scott Bailey, Colin Beier, Alexandra Contosta, Erin Lane, Peter Murdoch, Lucas Nave, Angelica Quintana, Donald Ross, Alissa White
Summary: The sequestration and storage of organic carbon in soil is crucial for mitigating climate change and promoting soil health and resilience. However, the increasing sources of soil carbon data and spatial and temporal gaps in data availability pose challenges for data consolidation. Regional-scale networks can address these challenges by coordinating data collection, promoting consistency in methods, filling critical data gaps, integrating existing data, and providing user-friendly data interpretation. Establishing regional networks requires close coordination with existing programs and institutional support. Increasing the availability and usage of soil carbon data through regional networks can support climate change solutions and enhance ecosystem services.
SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Jennifer A. Bower, Donald S. Ross, Scott W. Bailey, Amanda M. Pennino, Michael J. Jercinovic, Kevin J. Mcguire, Brian D. Strahm, Madeline E. Schreiber
Summary: Mineral weathering is a crucial soil formation process driven by the interplay of water, organisms, solution chemistry, and mineralogy. This study investigates the impact of hydrology on pedogenesis and chemical weathering, revealing the presence of short-scale gradients in mineral weathering shaped by local patterns of hydrology and topography.
Article
Water Resources
Ge Pu, John L. Campbell, Mark B. Green, Jeff L. Merriam, David Zietlow, Ruth D. Yanai
Summary: Stream fluxes are often reported without considering uncertainty, which makes it difficult to evaluate findings or improve monitoring programs. This study conducted a Monte Carlo analysis to estimate the uncertainty in streamflow and solute fluxes in a forested watershed over a 6-year period. The results showed that uncertainty in solute fluxes varied among different solutes, with the analysis of solute concentration being the main source of uncertainty.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2023)
