Article
Remote Sensing
Aleksei V. Zhukov, Yury V. Yasyukevich, Aleksei E. Bykov
Summary: The study introduces a new method for building a global total electron content model using XGBoost and gradient boosting techniques, along with model features and validation results. The research shows that machine learning models have higher accuracy in the 2017 test dataset compared to traditional models.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. Silwal, S. P. Gautam, P. Poudel, M. Karki, B. Adhikari, N. P. Chapagain, R. K. Mishra, B. D. Ghimire, Y. Migoya-Orue
Summary: The study analyzed the changes in total electron content (TEC) observed at different locations in Nepal during the annular solar eclipses on January 15, 2010, and June 21, 2020, finding that the eclipses caused a decrease in electron content in the ionosphere, which was closely related to the extent of the lunar disc obscuration.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Zhipeng Wang, Kaiyu Xue, Cheng Wang, Tao Zhang, Lei Fan, Ziye Hu, Chuang Shi, Guifei Jing
Summary: The study introduces an approach for near real-time modeling of global ionospheric TEC using hourly IGS data, which is tested in a real operating environment and shows performance close to daily GIM products.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF AERONAUTICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jiandi Feng, Baomin Han, Feng Gao, Ting Zhang, Zhenzhen Zhao
Summary: The study comprehensively analyzed the global ionospheric response to X-class solar flares from 2006 to 2019, finding that higher flare levels and durations lead to greater ionospheric disturbances. There is a strong correlation between VLF phase variation and flare level, with geographical location and local time also playing important roles. VLF signals show higher sensitivity to flare responses compared to TEC signals.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yury V. Yasyukevich, Artem M. Vesnin, Alexander V. Kiselev, Anna A. Mylnikova, Alexey V. Oinats, Vera A. Ivanova, Vladislav V. Demyanov
Summary: This study describes a single-station system based on GNSS-MITIGATOR for measuring absolute TEC. The system enables real-time measurements of TEC and its derivatives, and can be used to estimate the critical frequency of the ionosphere, foF2.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Erin H. Lay, Jeffery D. Tippmann, Kyle C. Wiens, Sarah E. McDonald, Anthony J. Mannucci, Xiaoqing Pi, Anthea Coster, R. Marc Kippen, Michael J. Peterson, Rob Redmon
Summary: This paper introduces a new global ionospheric data set of vertical total electron content (VTEC) derived from VHF lightning measurements. It compares this data set to two other standard VTEC gridded products and finds some differences. Additionally, this data set provides measurements in regions not well covered by ground-based GPS measurements due to its different methodology.
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Longxiang Wang, Hongxia Ye
Summary: This paper proposes a new dual-band difference (DBD) method to retrieve total electron content (TEC) in Martian ionosphere with the dual-band echoes of MARSIS. The method establishes the relationship between the group delay difference of two-band echoes and the plasma frequency, and then solves the Martian ionospheric parameters with this equation. The experiments validate the effectiveness of this method in calculating TEC and eliminating the influence of ionospheric dispersion on radar echoes.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Artem M. Padokhin, Anna A. Mylnikova, Yury V. Yasyukevich, Yury V. Morozov, Gregory A. Kurbatov, Artem M. Vesnin
Summary: Global navigation satellite system signals, particularly the Galileo E5 AltBOC signal, have been found to be efficient for monitoring the Earth ionosphere and estimating the total electron content. This signal provides comparable noise levels to dual-frequency GPS and significantly lower TEC noise at high elevations compared to other single-frequency signals. Although the short dataset of the study may limit the obtained estimates, AltBOC signals are expected to surpass BPSK analogues in noise parameters as solar cycle evolves and geomagnetic activity increases, thus advancing geoscience.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jayachandran P. Thayyil, Anthony M. McCaffrey, Yong Wang, David R. Themens, Christopher Watson, Benjamin Reid, Qinghe Zhang, Zanyang Xing
Summary: A study was conducted on GPS signal scintillation associated with a polar cap patch using a GPS network, ionosonde, and SuperDARN radar measurements. The observations showed that the patch moved antisunward with an average speed of 600 m/s and lasted for about 2 hours, with significant scintillation occurring on the leading edge. The scintillation was maintained as the patch moved, creating irregularities on the leading edge.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vincent Louie L. Maglambayan, Ernest P. Macalalad
Summary: This study utilized satellite data to monitor the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) and generate TEC maps using kriging interpolation. By evaluating different parameter sets, a north-south gradient in TEC was observed in the Philippines region.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sanam Motlaghzadeh, M. Mahdi Alizadeh, Roger Cappallo, Robert Heinkelmann, Harald Schuh
Summary: This article introduces the new generation of geodetic VLBI technology called VGOS and discusses the measurements carried out during the CONT17 campaign. It focuses on studying the effects of the ionosphere on VGOS signals and addresses a sign error in the calculation of the differential total electron content (dTEC) data product. The study also compares VGOS data with GNSS data to evaluate its accuracy and consistency.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Claudio Cesaroni, Luca Spogli, Giorgiana De Franceschi
Summary: IONORING is a tool that provides real-time monitoring and modeling of ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) over Italy, with satisfactory accuracy validated through comparisons with independent products.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Masoud Dehvari, Sedigheh Karimi, Saeed Farzaneh, Mohammad Ali Sharifi
Summary: The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) is a widely used empirical model for studying long-term ionospheric conditions. However, it is not precise enough for applications like Precise Point Positioning (PPP). This study uses an Extremely Learning Machine (ELM) to improve the accuracy of the IRI-2016 model by using historical data. The results show improved accuracy and the potential for high precision real-time applications.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Waqar Younas, C. Amory-Mazaudier, Majid Khan, Paul O. Amaechi
Summary: This study examined the variations of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) using global, hemispheric, and regional electron contents computed from global ionospheric maps (GIMs) from 1999 to 2020. The results showed linear variations of global and regional electron contents with solar 10.7 cm radio flux and EUV flux during low and moderate solar activity. However, a saturation effect was observed for electron content versus EUV and F10.7 during high solar activity, particularly at low-latitudes. Wavelet transform analysis revealed dominance of semi-annual variations in the northern hemisphere and annual variations in the southern hemisphere, with higher amplitude of annual variations in the souther hemisphere. Overall, the study provides insights into the variations of TEC and their dependencies on solar activity and latitude.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xiaodong Ren, Jun Chen, Xingxing Li, Xiaohong Zhang
Summary: This paper discusses different methods for TEC observation extraction and demonstrates through experiments that the PPP-Fixed method has advantages in accuracy and reliability. The study found that TEC observations extracted by the PPP-Fixed method have high precision, fast convergence speed, and excellent performance even in short arc experiments.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alejandro Egido, Walter H. F. Smith
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2019)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Graham D. Quartly, Walter H. F. Smith, Marcello Passaro
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcel Kleinherenbrink, Riccardo Riva, Remko Scharroo
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2019)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
P. Wessel, J. F. Luis, L. Uieda, R. Scharroo, F. Wobbe, W. H. F. Smith, D. Tian
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2019)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
B. Tozer, D. T. Sandwell, W. H. F. Smith, C. Olson, J. R. Beale, P. Wessel
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2019)
Correction
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Graham D. Quartly, Walter H. F. Smith, Marcello Passaro
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2019)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Marcel Kleinherenbrink, Walter H. F. Smith, Marc C. Naeije, D. Cornelis Slobbe, Peter Hoogeboom
JOURNAL OF GEODESY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marcel Kleinherenbrink, Marc Naeije, Cornelis Slobbe, Alejandro Egido, Walter Smith
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ole Baltazar Andersen, Shengjun Zhang, David T. Sandwell, Gerald Dibarboure, Walter H. F. Smith, Adili Abulaitijiang
Summary: The discussion revolves around the challenges of improving the resolution of global altimetric gravity models and mean sea surface models. By exploring the effects of the GM missions and data rewind on the Jason satellites, a new approach of combining Jason-3 GM with Jason-2 GM is proposed to enhance the spatial resolution of global altimetric gravity fields.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. M. Marks, W. H. F. Smith
Summary: This study compares the resolution capabilities of the high-precision Synthetic Aperture Radar Mode (SARM) and the Pseudo-Low Resolution Mode (PLRM) of the Sentinel-3 A&B radar altimeters for small seamounts. The results show that both modes have similar resolution for small seamounts.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
David T. Sandwell, John A. Goff, Julie Gevorgian, Hugh Harper, Seung-Sep Kim, Yao Yu, Brook Tozer, Paul Wessel, Walter H. F. Smith
Summary: About 20% of the ocean floor has been surveyed by ships, while the remaining 80% has depth predicted from satellite altimeter-derived gravity measurements. This study focuses on filling the gaps in remote ocean areas by developing synthetic bathymetry. Seafloor features such as abyssal hills and small seamounts that are not well resolved by satellite gravity are generated through statistical properties and regional geology.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Walter H. F. Smith
Summary: This paper presents a method for converting geodetic height and latitude between oblate ellipsoids, allowing for high accuracy in height conversions. The method involves expressing the conversions as a Fourier series and considers the differences in flattenings of the ellipsoids.
JOURNAL OF GEODESY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Donghui Yi, Alejandro Egido, Walter H. F. Smith, Laurence Connor, Christopher Buchhaupt, Dexin Zhang
Summary: This study characterizes the sea-ice elevation distribution using NASA's Operation IceBridge (OIB) Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) data over the Arctic Ocean. The aim is to improve the estimation of sea-ice freeboard. The results show that the sea-ice elevation distribution is positively skewed, and the exponentially modified Gaussian distribution is better suited for fitting the probability density function. The correlation characteristics of the elevation are characterized using the autocorrelation function and correlation length.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Christopher Buchhaupt, Alejandro Egido, Walter H. F. Smith, Luciana Fenoglio
Summary: In this study, an analytical formulation of synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) altimetry signals is presented, considering narrow banded nonlinear wave fields and conditional statistics. The inclusion of wave elevation displacements coskewness leads to an analytical formulation of the electromagnetic bias. The effect of conditional vertical wave particle velocity variances reduces the azimuth blurring of SAR-mode stacks.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2023)