Article
Thermodynamics
Swar A. Zubeer, Omar Mohammed Ali
Summary: In this study, the performance of conventional photovoltaic panel, concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system, and water-cooled CPV system was examined experimentally and numerically. The results showed that the water-cooled CPV system had improved electrical efficiency and power output, and the experimental results agreed well with the numerical results.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Somayeh Davoodabadi Farahani, Mahdi Alibeigi, Amir Zakinia, Marjan Goodarzi
Summary: This numerical study examines the impact of microchannels, porous medium, and nanofluid on the cooling efficiency of a solar concentrator photovoltaic system. The results show that using microchannels can significantly reduce the temperature of solar cells and improve the electrical efficiency of the CPV system. Additionally, the porous layer plays a crucial role in enhancing thermal conductivity and improving the performance of the PV system.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yanyun Yang, Lei Li, Delin Xu, Jielei Tu, Jian Yu, Ping Feng, Haoran Ye, Hao Wu, Qixin Zhang, Zhangyang Xu
Summary: PV backsheet aging, especially under UV irradiation, can significantly decrease the reflectivity of the backsheet and subsequently reduce the power and short-circuit current of PV modules.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Paul A. Funk, Ahmed Kanaan, Christine Shank, Peter Cooke, Igor Sevostianov, Joe W. Thomas, Michael O. Pate
Summary: Deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) can enhance the hardness, fatigue resistance, and wear resistance of steel, with a significant impact on wear properties. However, the causal mechanisms of this treatment remain uncertain, and current studies focus mainly on qualitative analysis. Additionally, DCT affects the electrical resistivity of steel, which can be used to monitor the content of retained austenite and dislocation density.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
G. Angora, P. Rosati, M. Meneghetti, M. Brescia, A. Mercurio, C. Grillo, P. Bergamini, A. Acebron, G. Caminha, M. Nonino, L. Tortorelli, L. Bazzanini, E. Vanzella
Summary: This study utilizes deep learning techniques to search for galaxy-galaxy strong-lensing systems in multi-band imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope. The classification and performance evaluation of these systems are conducted using observation data and simulated data with high-precision lensing models.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Feifei Zhao, Bin Lin, Yuanping He, Tianyi Sui, Helin Li, Pengcheng Zhao
Summary: The study investigated the influence of particle trajectory curvature change on material grinding mechanism through a theoretical model and experiments, finding that an increase in trochoid curvature leads to more significant material damage inside scratches than outside. Numerical simulation and theoretical analysis verified the relationship between damage difference and curvature on both sides of trochoid feed scratches, providing theoretical guidance for efficient and controllable precision grinding of quartz glass.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Minghui Ge, Zhenhua Li, Yulong Zhao, Liyao Xie, Shixue Wang
Summary: A thermoelectric generator generates electricity by recovering waste heat from automobile exhaust, utilizing gasification and condensation of the medium to improve power density. The exhaust temperature affects maximum output power, while the optimal module area increases with increasing exhaust flow.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
W. W. Eshetu, W. Tu, V. K. Jordanova, M. Cowee
Summary: The study reveals that the cumulative field line curvature (FLC) scattering leads to faster loss of higher energy, larger mass, smaller pitch angle ions at higher L shells under different geomagnetic conditions. Additionally, an empirical formula for the e-folding lifetime (tau) as a function of ion characteristics and Kp level has been formulated to account for the FLC scattering effects in ring current models.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wei He, Jiaxin Yu, Xiyuan Zhang, Yebin Zhou, Yongyue Yao, Chaofan Ma, Chunyu Yin, Wei Yan, Yi Liu, Chunshan Lu, Xiaonian Li
Summary: This research focuses on the growth mechanism from organometallic coordination polymers precursor to encapsulated catalyst. It provides guidance for the directional design and controlled preparation of catalysts. The main steps for the conversion of Ni@C-OCPs to Ni@C under pyrolysis are decomposition of organic matter, reduction of nickel, and dissolution/segregation of carbon in the nickel nanoparticles. By selecting organic ligands with smaller molecular and higher C-H ratios, the content of reducing atmosphere during pyrolysis is reduced. This results in the formation of Ni@C-600 with smaller particle size and larger curvature of the carbon layer surface. Kinetic experiments show lower apparent activation energy for Ni@C-600. Density function theory simulation verifies that the optimization of the electronic structure generated by the large curvature graphite carbon layer is one of the sources of its excellent activity.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tariq Nawaz Chaudhary, Ali O. M. Maka, Muhammad Wajid Saleem, Nadeem Ahmed, Muneeb Ur Rehman, Muhammad Umer Azeem
Summary: Solar PV system technology is a crucial energy source that requires minimal effort and has no moving parts. It can help combat climate change and achieve sustainability. However, one of the main challenges is the deposition of dirt particles on the panel's surface, which decreases efficiency. This study investigates the impact of soiling deposition and surface temperature on PV module performance, finding that ash has the most detrimental effect, reducing current production by 50-60% compared to sand and soil.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Brian T. DeBoi, Andrew N. Lemmon, Brice McPherson, Brandon Passmore
Summary: This article presents a method to improve the accuracy of COMSOL FEA predictions using a virtual compensation procedure, which can be applied to a variety of geometries. Experimental results show that even a well-designed FEA model may offer poor predictions of module parasitics.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jun Xie, Bingzi Zhao, Hang Zhang, Zheng Fu, Tianhua Yang, Rundong Li
Summary: In this study, an experimental platform for PV power generation was established in Shenyang, China to investigate the effects of winter snowfall and summer ash accumulation on the output characteristics of PV modules. Empirical formulas were proposed to predict the average power reduction rate based on the dust coverage density and tilt angle in the test data.
Article
Thermodynamics
Tri Widodo Besar Riyadi, Bagus Radiant Utomo, Marwan Effendy, Agung Tri Wijayanta, Hussain H. Al-Kayiem
Summary: This study investigated the effects of thermal cycling on the electrical output of a thermoelectric system and found that an increase in the number of thermal cycles reduced the electrical output, but a lower heating rate could increase it.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Peng Sun, Zheng Zeng, Liang Wang, Yulei Wang, Xudong Han
Summary: Motivated by the increase in renewable energy and electric vehicles, customized power modules are being rapidly designed and developed. However, it takes a long time to examine and ensure the reliability of these new power modules through extensive experiments. This study proposes a noninvasive confocal methodology and a mathematical model to characterize and predict the deformation of power modules in real-time for field application. The experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed routine, showing minimal deformation at the edge of the bare die and maximal deformation on the middle surface of the die.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Daewoong Park, Jihoon Jeong, Seungjin Hwang, Sungyoon Lee, Seryeyohan Cho, Tae Jun Yu
Summary: This study proposed a method to evaluate the performance of solid-state laser gain modules by calculating a normalized heating parameter and quantifying heat dissipation. The approach was verified using a flashlamp type Nd:YAG rod gain module and can be extended to other solid-state laser gain modules by applying appropriate thermal deformation theory.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gael Nardin, Cesar Dominguez, Alvaro Fernando Aguilar, Laetitia Anglade, Mathilde Duchemin, David Schuppisser, Florian Gerlich, Mathieu Ackermann, Laurent Coulot, Blaise Cuenod, Delphine Petri, Xavier Niquille, Nicolas Badel, Agata Lachowicz, Matthieu Despeisse, Jacques Levrat, Christophe Ballif, Stephen Askins, Ruben Nunez, Norman Jost, Guido Vallerotto, Ignacio Anton
Summary: The module utilizes biconvex lens arrays and micro-tracking mechanism to harvest direct, diffuse, and albedo irradiance with high efficiency and flexibility in architecture choices for various applications. The module shows promising potential for future use in agrivoltaics and offers additional energy yield in different scenarios.
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Guido Vallerotto, Marta Victoria, Norman Jost, Stephen Askins, Cesar Dominguez, Rebeca Herrero, Ignacio Anton
Summary: Silicone on glass (SoG) Fresnel lenses are widely used in concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) due to their simplicity and low cost, but their performance is limited by chromatic aberration. Achromatic doublet on glass (ADG) Fresnel lenses have been proposed as an alternative to overcome this limitation, with a new design showing improved optical efficiency close to that of SoG technology while maintaining advantages such as higher concentration and reduced temperature dependency.
Article
Optics
Luis San Jose, Guido Vallerotto, Rebeca Herrero, Ignacio Anton
Summary: Micro-scale concentrator photovoltaics (micro-CPV) is a promising approach for high-efficiency, low-cost photovoltaic systems. This paper presents a method for characterizing misalignments between cells and optics based on image acquisition and processing, and applies it to a micro-CPV module for quality control inspection.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Norman Jost, Steve Askins, Richard Dixon, Mathieu Ackermann, Cesar Dominguez, Ignacio Anton
Summary: Micro-concentrator photovoltaics technology reduces the size of components, achieving high efficiencies and cost reductions. The interconnection of multiple solar cells is achieved through direct printing onto front contact pads. This technology has the potential for large-scale implementation.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Norman Jost, Guido Vallerotto, Alessandro Tripoli, Steve Askins, Cesar Dominguez, Ignacio Anton
Summary: Micro-concentrator photovoltaics (micro-CPV) is a branch of CPV technology that reduces the size of solar cells to allow for novel manufacturing methods and maintain high efficiencies. The use of direct glass molding as a primary optical material offers advantages such as low dispersion losses, excellent mechanical properties, and low thermal coefficient of the refractive index. The collaboration with Holophane S.A.S. resulted in the successful manufacturing of micro-CPV lens arrays and demonstrated the potential for high-efficiency glass-based modules.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Norman Jost, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu, Cesar Dominguez, Ignacio Anton
Summary: The global energy market is experiencing a gradual rise in electricity demand and rapid growth in the photovoltaic (PV) industry. One of the PV technologies, concentrator photovoltaics (CPV), offers higher efficiencies by using concentrated sunlight and reducing semiconductor material required. However, the high initial manufacturing cost of CPV makes it less cost-competitive than silicon PV. To address this, micro-CPV, which involves miniaturizing solar cells and optical components, is introduced to lower costs while maintaining high electrical efficiencies. This review examines the technological advancements and identifies key synergies with industries such as micro-light emitting diodes display manufacturing to facilitate the commercial adoption of micro-CPV with reduced costs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Guido Vallerotto, Francisco Martin, Javier Macias, Rebeca Herrero, Luis J. San Jose, Steve Askins, Ruben Nunez, Cesar Dominguez, Ignacio Anton
Summary: The vehicle integrated photovoltaic (VIPV) technology integrates PV solar panels into the surfaces of electric vehicles, increasing car autonomy. Specific methods and equipment are required to properly characterize three dimensional PV surfaces. This paper describes the design principles and requirements of a solar simulator for characterization of curved PV modules. Results show the advantages of using a collimated light source compared to conventional solar simulators for flat modules.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Ruben Nunez, Stephen Askins, Arash Soofi, Laetitia Anglade, Florian Gerlich, Ignacio Anton, Cesar Dominguez
Summary: By monitoring and adjusting the relevant variables in the experimental setup, we discovered the factors contributing to the formation of condensation in CPV modules, and studied several mitigating actions.
17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-17)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Guido Vallerotto, Norman Jost, Marta Victoria, Stephen Askins, Cesar Dominguez, Ignacio Anton
Summary: Silicone on glass Fresnel lenses are widely used in concentrator photovoltaics due to their simplicity and reliability, but they are affected by chromatic aberration. To overcome this limitation, the achromatic doublet on glass (ADG) technology was proposed. In this study, the authors present an alternative ADG architecture with the potential to significantly reduce losses and achieve a higher efficiency. The results show that the ADG technology has the same efficiency as the SoG technology while maintaining the advantages of achromatic design.
17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-17)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Steve Askins, Cesar Dominguez, Gael Nardin, Mathieu Ackermann, Delphine Petri, Matthieu Despeisse, Jacques Levrat, Xavier Niquille, Christophe Ballif, Juan F. Martinez, Marc Steiner, Gerald Siefer, Ignacio Anton
Summary: Significant progress has been made on the Insolight solar panel within the EU-funded project HIPERION. The latest results for Genl solar panels show significant improvement in self-tracking performance even with a 5X increase in module area.
17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-17)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Shilpa Bindu, Arash Soofi, Steve Askins, Guido Vallerotto, Cesar Dominguez, Ignacio Anton
Summary: This paper presents a novel solar simulator design for indoor characterization of hybrid modules, which incorporates diffusive elements and reduces stray light to enable testing of Silicon submodules. The new design is validated and optimized by comparing indoor and outdoor test results of the hybrid modules.
17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-17)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Norman Jost, Steve Askins, Richard Dixon, Mathieu Ackermann, Cesar Dominguez, Ignacio Anton
Summary: Micro-concentrator photovoltaics (micro-CPV) technology focuses on reducing the size of conventional CPV components while maintaining high efficiency and lowering material costs. The implementation of high throughput manufacturing methods for interconnecting thousands of micro-solar cells at a low cost has been successful, achieving a fill factor of 84.3% with direct printing onto front contact pads.
2021 IEEE 48TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC)
(2021)
