Article
Geology
Przemyslaw Sala, Pavel Bella, Jacek Szczygiel, Wojciech Wroblewski, Michal Gradzinski
Summary: Healed speleothems, which are rarely mentioned in literature, have been discovered in one of the side passages of the Demanova Cave System in Slovakia. The morphology and stable isotope composition of the healed speleothems provide valuable information for seismotectonic analysis of karst terrains.
SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jing Zhang, Xia Liu, Qing-sheng Yang
Summary: In this paper, a unified elasto-viscoplastic peridynamics model is proposed to describe the deformation-damage-fracture process for both brittle and ductile materials under impact loadings. The model incorporates the Bodner-Partom's constitutive theory into the peridynamics framework and allows for the natural development of plastic deformation and material deterioration. The simulations show good agreement with experimental data, demonstrating the modeling capacity of the proposed model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chenzhuo Li, Xinyue Wei, Meng Wang, Mokhtar Adda-Bedia, John M. Kolinski
Summary: When brittle hydrogels fail, it is challenging to identify the dominant mechanism that alters the state of stress near the crack tip. This study uses hydrogels as a model to probe the small-scale yielding region and understand the loss mechanisms in brittle material failure. Through microscopy methods, the researchers identify a process zone where most of the energy is dissipated through the loss of cohesion, providing insights into the scale and structure of this zone.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Chengbao Hu, Shilin Gong, Duanyang Zhuang, Daosheng Ling, Gang Wei, Guangqi Chen
Summary: This study presents an improved DDA algorithm that effectively and accurately considers the complex fracture responses of geotechnical structures composed of quasi-brittle materials. It proposes a PLCM based on fracture mechanics theory to model the post-peak softening behaviors of quasi-brittle materials. The improved DDA is demonstrated to be accurate and valid for the analysis of quasi-brittle fractures.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Hang Yin, Sheng Wang, Bing Guo, Qingliang Zhao
Summary: The material-removal mechanism of yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) polycrystalline ceramics was studied, revealing a three-stage process of material removal with increasing scratch depths. The critical removal depth was obtained, providing a theoretical basis for determining process parameters in ultra-precision grinding.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jesus Guerrero, Miguel Bartolome, Ergin Gokkaya
Summary: This study analyzes the Quaternary landforms, geomorphic changes, and stratigraphic evidences of evaporite dissolution and halokinesis in the Estella salt diapir. The findings suggest that the diapirism and karstic subsidence occur simultaneously, and the dissolution of the gypsiferous caprock leads to the development of collapse sinkholes and saline springs, causing an increase in the salinity of the Ega river. The research also indicates the uplift rates of the diapir and its correlation with river incision. Moreover, the study reveals the north-northeast flow of salt towards the river valley.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ritukesh Bharali, Fredrik Larsson, Ralf Jaenicke
Summary: In this manuscript, a robust and variationally consistent technique is proposed for local treatment of the phase-field fracture irreversibility. This technique involves an extension of the phase-field fracture energy functional through a micromorphic approach. The efficacy of the micromorphic approach in phase-field fracture modelling is demonstrated in this work with numerical experiments.
COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiaqing Li, Ziyue Wu, Fang Wang, Liang Zhang, Chilou Zhou, Cheng Lu, Lin Teng, Qifeng Lin
Summary: This study reveals the H segregation and hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms in nanograined materials through classical molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that the H segregation ratio increases as the grain size decreases, while the local H concentration at the grain boundaries decreases. Additionally, it is found that smaller grain sizes lead to lower local H concentration at the grain boundaries and enhanced grain boundary-mediated intergranular deformation, resulting in increased resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Arunachalam Muthukaruppan, Manoj Pandey, Amirtham Rajagopal
Summary: Nacre, a composite layer found in sea-shells, showcases a remarkable combination of toughness, strength, and stiffness through its micro-structure. The commonly used Weibull distribution may not accurately model the variability in strength for nacre, suggesting the need for alternative distributions.
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
R. Leon, D. Palomino, O. Sanchez-Guillamon, L. M. Fernandez-Salas, J. T. Vazquez
Summary: This paper integrates sedimentary, tectonic and volcanic geological processes and analyzes their impacts on volcanic systems and sedimentary systems. The study case of the eastern Canary Basin reveals evidence of volcanic and tectonic activities, challenging the previous belief of inactivity in the seamount province of Canary Islands.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Haibo Yang, Dickson Cunningham, Xiaoping Yang
Summary: This study presents remote sensing evidence and field observations of an actively evolving transpressional duplex in the southern Beishan region of western China. It reveals the complex kinematics and fault characteristics, providing new insights into the crustal dynamics in the area.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Antonin Chambolle, Vito Crismale
Summary: In this paper, a compactness and semicontinuity result in GSBD for sequences with bounded Griffith energy is proven, generalizing classical results in (G)SBV and SBD. As a result, the static problem in Francfort-Marigo's variational approach to crack growth has (weak) solutions.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
A. M. Jukar, S. K. Lyons, P. J. Wagner, M. D. Uhen
Summary: Research shows that a low magnitude extinction event of large mammals occurred in the Indian Subcontinent approximately 30,000 years after the arrival of Homo sapiens. The co-evolution hypothesis between humans and animals, as well as robust population networks and climatic refugia, are suggested to have played a significant role in the survival of megafauna in this region.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lei Liu, Kenji Shinozaki
Summary: In this study, Ni nanoparticles were dispersed in SiO2 glass to investigate the effect of particle size on the ductility of glass. It was found that larger Ni nanoparticles significantly enhanced the fracture toughness of glass and resulted in ductile fracture, while smaller Ni nanoparticles led to brittle fracture. Despite their small volume fraction, the dispersion of Ni nanoparticles in the glass matrix significantly increased the fracture surface energy. These findings suggest that dispersing larger Ni nanoparticles in glass can effectively improve its ductility, providing a cost-effective method for enhancing the fracture toughness of glass.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mathias Lebihain, Thibault Roch, Jean-Francois Molinari
Summary: The deformation of crack fronts in materials is crucial for understanding the failure properties of micro-structured solids and interfaces, yet the impact of a process zone behind the crack front is often overlooked. Research shows that the presence of a process zone results in competing effects on crack front deformations, impacting the stability and shape of the crack front, and leading to heterogeneities in fracture energy.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
R. Caputo, B. Helly, D. Rapti, S. Valkaniotis
Summary: The hydrographic network of the Pinios River in Greece has undergone complex evolution, with its course changing due to tectonic activity and being affected by lake waters and marsh areas. The present-day Pinios River is the result of these processes.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Carlo Meletti, Warner Marzocchi, Vera D'Amico, Giovanni Lanzano, Lucia Luzi, Francesco Martinelli, Bruno Pace, Andrea Rovida, Matteo Taroni, Francesco Visini
Summary: This paper describes the main structure and outcomes of the new probabilistic seismic hazard model for Italy, MPS19, and highlights the innovative features of the modeling process. The authors introduce new approaches to estimate and visualize uncertainty, assign weights to model components, and test the model outcomes retrospectively. They also present the final results in terms of the probability to exceed a certain ground acceleration level in a given time frame to facilitate interpretation for a wide range of stakeholders.
ANNALS OF GEOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Maggini, R. Caputo
Summary: Comparative analyses of seismicity cutoff depth and corresponding BDT depth in the Aegean Region show that 90% of relocated seismicity occurs within the corresponding rheological transition. Results suggest that BDT depth can be a reliable indicator for seismogenic layer thickness, contributing to constraining the maximum widths of active faults in the region.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Francesco Visini, Bruno Pace, Carlo Meletti, Warner Marzocchi, Aybige Akinci, Raffaele Azzaro, Simone Barani, Graziella Barberi, Giovanni Barreca, Roberto Basili, Peter Bird, Marco Bonini, Pierfrancesco Burrato, Martina Busetti, Michele Carafa, Ornella Cocina, Rodolfo Console, Giacomo Corti, Nicola D'Agostino, Salvatore D'Amico, Vera D'Amico, Michela Dal Cin, Giuseppe Falcone, Umberto Fracassi, Robin Gee, Vanja Kastelic, Carlo Lai, Horst Langer, Francesco Maesano, Andrea Marchesini, Luca Martelli, Carmelo Monaco, Maura Murru, Laura Peruzza, Maria Poli, Silvia Pondrelli, Alessandro Rebez, Renata Rotondi, Andrea Rovida, Federico Sani, Marco Santulin, Davide Scafidi, Jacopo Selva, Dario Slejko, Daniele Spallarossa, Alberto Tamaro, Gabriele Tarabusi, Matteo Taroni, Mara Tiberti, Giuseppina Tusa, Tiziana Tuve, Gianluca Valensise, Paola Vannoli, Elisa Varini, Adriano Zanferrari, Elisa Zuccolo
Summary: In recent years, new approaches for developing earthquake rupture forecasts have been proposed in Italy, aiming to update the national seismic hazard model. This project represents a first attempt to build a community-based set of ERFs and has shown a successful response to new inputs on seismic activity.
ANNALS OF GEOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
L. Moratto, A. Vuan, A. Sarao, D. Slejko, C. Papazachos, R. Caputo, D. Civile, V. Volpi, S. Ceramicola, A. Chatzipetros, S. Daja, P. Fabris, J. Garcia-Pelaez, R. Geletti, P. Karvelis, S. Pavlides, D. Rapti, A. Rebez, G. Rossi, D. Sandron, M. Santulin, S. Sboras, A. Tamaro, M. Zecchin, F. Zgur, D. Zuliani
Summary: This paper focuses on a DSHA for a compressor station in Fier, Albania, modeling ground motion for two different scenarios to simulate the worst-case scenario. Specific transfer functions estimated from geotechnical data were applied to calculate broadband waveforms for receivers on soft soils, reproducing observed variability in ground motion near earthquake sources. Vertical ground motion was found to be strong for receivers above rupture areas, highlighting the importance of DSHA analysis in defining expected pipeline damage functions and soil deformations.
BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
George Papathanassiou, Sotiris Valkaniotis, Athanassios Ganas, Alexandros Stampolidis, Dimitra Rapti, Riccardo Caputo
Summary: This study investigates the secondary effects of liquefaction phenomena during the seismic sequence in March 2021 in Thessaly, Central Greece. By comparing the distribution of liquefaction phenomena with geomorphological conditions, the study highlights the influence of historical evolution on liquefaction, providing a method to reduce liquefaction hazard areas.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nicola Angelo Famiglietti, Zeinab Golshadi, Filippos Vallianatos, Riccardo Caputo, Maria Kouli, Vassilis Sakkas, Simone Atzori, Raffaele Moschillo, Gianpaolo Cecere, Ciriaco D'Ambrosio, Annamaria Vicari
Summary: In this study, the M-L 5.8 earthquake in Crete was analyzed using InSAR and GNSS data, creating a detailed model to understand the geophysical processes and improve our ability to observe active tectonic processes. The joint inversion of InSAR and GNSS data provided insights into the geometric characteristics of the seismogenic fault and the distribution of slips.
Article
Soil Science
Dimitra Rapti, Andrea Marchetti, Mirco Andreotti, Ilaria Neri, Riccardo Caputo
Summary: GeoTh is a new laboratory apparatus that is simple, efficient, flexible, and low-cost. It is designed for measuring the thermal conductivity of granular materials and has the capability to acquire and process technical data. The apparatus allows measurements of multiple samples under different conditions and has been proven to be robust and repeatable. The obtained thermal conductivity values are also comparable to other datasets proposed in the literature.
Article
Engineering, Geological
G. Gangone, M. R. Gallipoli, N. Tragni, L. Vignola, R. Caputo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the possible interaction effects between the shallow subsoil and the overlying buildings during seismic shaking in Villa d'Agri town, Southern Italy. By conducting seismic ambient noise measurements, the authors reconstructed isofrequency and isoamplitude maps for the area. They also estimated the first vibrational frequency for 659 buildings in the urban area of Villa d'Agri based on the relationship between the first vibrational period and building height. The results suggest a high probability of double resonance effect for only a few buildings, and moderate to null probability for the majority of buildings.
BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
F. E. Maesano, M. Buttinelli, R. Maffucci, G. Toscani, R. Basili, L. Bonini, P. Burrato, J. Fedorik, U. Fracassi, Y. Panara, G. Tarabusi, M. M. Tiberti, G. Valensise, R. Vallone, P. Vannoli
Summary: A 5.5 magnitude earthquake occurred offshore Pesaro, Italy, rupturing a buried thrust fault known as the Cornelia thrust system (CTS). The CTS is a 30km long arcuate structure that strikes NW-SE and dips SW, and may have been influenced by older structures at its footwall. Further investigation is needed to understand the full earthquake potential of this seismogenic source.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lorenzo Bonini, Umberto Fracassi, Nicolo Bertone, Francesco Emanuele Maesano, Gianluca Valensise, Roberto Basili
Summary: This study investigates the impact of inherited faults on the evolution of a new extensional fault system and its associated basin using physically scaled analog models. The results show that the orientation of pre-existing faults affects the development of new extensional structures, while the impact on resulting basin shape is more complex, especially in the case of misoriented pre-existing faults.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
D. Di Bucci, F. Del Missier, M. Dolce, A. Galvagni, F. Giordano, A. Patacca, E. Pezzi, G. Scurci, L. Savadori
Summary: Based on a survey conducted on displaced people after three earthquakes in Italy, it was found that various factors such as earthquake preparedness, social support, accommodation type and quality, and general health status influenced the life satisfaction of the participants. The study highlighted the importance of providing temporary houses with appropriate properties and located in areas that support the resumption of daily activities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Walter Leal Filho, Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis, Gustavo J. Nagy, Umberto Fracassi
Summary: This short communication reports on the pressures of climate change on permafrost and emphasizes the significant impacts of permafrost thawing on the Earth's climate. The article calls for global action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provides specific suggestions for mitigating the impacts of permafrost depletion.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dimitra Rapti, Riccardo Caputo
Summary: This research focuses on characterizing the low-to-medium enthalpy geothermal resources in the Ferrara-Modena region of Northern Italy. By analyzing temperature data, seismic profiles and hydrochemical data, the study assesses the geothermal potential in the area, providing valuable insights for future geothermal resource development.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
D. Di Bucci, M. Buttinelli, C. D. Ambrogi, D. Scrocca, M. Anzidei, R. Basili, S. Bigi, C. Bignami, L. Bonini, R. Bonomo, P. Burrato, S. Calcaterra, F. Capotorti, P. Cara, R. Castaldo, S. Castenetto, G. P. Cavinato, M. Chiappini, F. Cinti, M. P. Congi, P. De Gori, P. M. De Martini, V. D. F. Novellis, R. Devoti, M. Di Filippo, P. Di Manna, M. Di Nezza, F. Ferri, U. Fracassi, P. Gambino, R. Giuliani, L. Improta, V Kastelic, F. Maesano, M. Marchetti, M. Marino, M. T. Mariucci, P. Messina, L. Minelli, P. Montone, S. Pepe, L. Petracchini, A. Pignatelli, I Salvi, V Sapia, G. Solaro, M. M. Tiberti, P. Tizzani, R. Vallone, P. Vannoli, R. Ventura, F. Villani
Summary: The RETRACE-3D project focused on revising geological and geophysical data to reconstruct a reliable 3D geological model of the central Italy seismic sequence area. The 3D model extends to a depth of approximately 12 km and is based on collaboration between various Italian research institutions.
BOLLETTINO DI GEOFISICA TEORICA ED APPLICATA
(2021)