Article
Biology
Stella Reichling, Peter F. Doubleday, Tomas Germade, Ariane Bergmann, Robbie Loewith, Uwe Sauer, Duncan Holbrook-Smith
Summary: Although the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae's genetic code has been sequenced for 25 years, the understanding of gene functions within it is still incomplete. High-throughput metabolomics provides a cost-effective and robust approach to uncovering gene function. The study used mass spectrometry to dynamically profile the metabolome of TOR and receptor genes mutants under rapamycin treatment, generating a dataset of over 7000 metabolomics measurements. The results demonstrate the efficacy of this approach in identifying novel potential TOR signaling-related genes and highlight the utility of dynamic perturbations for functional metabolomics.
Article
Pathology
Noriko Kato, Akihisa Kamataki, Hidekachi Kurotaki
Summary: Mature ovarian teratomas, struma ovarii, complete hydatidiform moles, and extragonadal mature teratomas exhibit distinct methylation profiles of imprinted genes, likely inherited from ancestral germ cells.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ronald Cutler, Jan Vijg
Summary: The study has shown that radiation-damaged paternal DNA causes embryos of the second generation of nematode worms, but not the first, to die. The proposed mechanisms explain why this effect is not observed in humans.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Suriya Narayanan Murugesan, Heidi Connahs, Yuji Matsuoka, Mainak Das Gupta, Galen J. L. Tiong, Manizah Huq, V Gowri, Sarah Monroe, Kevin D. Deem, Thomas Werner, Yoshinori Tomoyasu, Antonia Monteiro
Summary: Research suggests that butterfly eyespots likely originated by repurposing ancestral appendage generegulatory network (GRN) elements to novel locations on the wing. Comparative transcriptome analysis and CRISPR knockout experiments indicate that eyespots share regulatory connections with antennae and the loss of specific regulatory elements leads to the loss of eyespots, antennae, legs, and wings.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Freda Kreier
Summary: Reanalysis of a landmark paper revealed that eight genome sequences were mistakenly assigned to the wrong orangutans, but the impacts on research remain unclear.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuying Lin, Judith E. Mank
Summary: A genome sequence study of the flatworm Schmidtea mediterranea reveals a potential sex chromosome, providing a unique opportunity to investigate the evolution of sex determination.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maggie P. Lauria Sneideman, Victoria H. Meller
Summary: A protein that upregulates gene expression of the X chromosome has been discovered in male mosquitoes, which is crucial for equalizing gene expression between sexes in organisms with X and Y chromosomes.
Article
Cell Biology
Duncan Wei, Xiaopu Chen, Jing Xu, Wenzhen He
Summary: The immune system is known to play a crucial role in the development of ischaemic stroke, but the exact immune-related mechanism remains unclear. Gene expression data of ischaemic stroke patients and healthy controls were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Immune-related genes (IRGs) data was also utilized for further analysis. Based on IRGs and weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), two molecular subtypes of ischaemic stroke were identified. Nine hub genes, including IL7R, ITK, SOD1, CD3D, LEF1, FBL, MAF, DNMT1, and SLAMF1, were found to potentially distinguish between the two subtypes and be associated with immune regulation.
IET SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Jihoon Kim, Yeungjeom Lee
Summary: Although the relationship between delinquency and deviant peers has been extensively studied, there are still unresolved issues and a lack of rigorous empirical research. This study aims to examine the dynamic interrelationship between delinquency and delinquent peers over time using a Korean adolescent sample. The results suggest reciprocal interactions between delinquent peers and delinquency, with heterogeneous developmental patterns. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CRIMINOLOGY
(2023)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Loic Yengo
Summary: An increased number of damaging variations in certain genes is linked to a higher chance of male infertility. A geneticist and an anthropologist discuss the implications and limitations of this finding.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luke M. M. Evans, Pamela N. Romero N. Villela
Summary: An analysis of rare genetic variants shows their impact on human traits is mediated through similar biological pathways as common variants, enhancing our understanding of their influence on complex traits.
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Marshall
Summary: Biologists are studying how tiny timekeepers in our cells may affect body size, lifespan, and aging.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher Kemp
Summary: Exploring the genomes of forgotten and heirloom apple varieties is crucial for preserving the future of these unique fruits.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eucharist Kun, Vagheesh M. Narasimhan
Summary: Scientists have mapped the regions of the human genome that rapidly evolved after the divergence of humans and chimpanzees. These regions contain unique genomic elements linked to neurodevelopment and disease.
Article
Psychiatry
Ester Anton-Galindo, Judit Cabana-Dominguez, Barbara Torrico, Roser Corominas, Bru Cormand, Noelia Fernandez-Castillo
Summary: This study demonstrates the pleiotropic contribution of dopaminergic and serotonergic genes to addiction and related behaviors, such as anxiety, irritability, neuroticism, and risk-taking behavior, highlighting the role of dopamine genes in the co-occurrence of these phenotypes.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pedro Pechorro, Matt DeLisi, Rui Abrunhosa Goncalves, Joao Pedro Oliveira
Summary: Findings suggest that self-control partially mediates the relationship between trauma events and the examined outcomes, and fully mediates the relation between trauma reactions and the examined outcomes. Research on youth trauma should consider both trauma events and trauma reactions, as they have differential effects on self-control and antisocial/criminal outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Michael Welner, Matt DeLisi, Michael T. Baglivio, Thomas J. Guilmette, Heather M. Knous-Westfall
Summary: Research shows that the most violent juvenile offenders exhibit severe and lifelong behavioral impairments, necessitating relevant, reliable, and accurate assessments. These studies are derived from epidemiological surveys and correctional research, as well as birth cohort and large-scale prospective longitudinal studies.
YOUTH VIOLENCE AND JUVENILE JUSTICE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ilma Jahic, Chad R. Trulson, Jonathan W. Caudill, Taea Bonner, Alexandra Slemaker, Matt DeLisi
Summary: Research shows that ACEs are associated with different forensic typologies among juvenile delinquents, with sexual abuse and physical abuse being the most consistent and robust predictors. However, models performed poorly in identifying youth engaged in fire setting.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Pedro Pechorro, Matt DeLisi, Andreia Freitas, Rui Abrunhosa Goncalves, Cristina Nunes
Summary: The Weinberger Adjustment Inventory-Short Form (WAI-SF) is a multidimensional measure of behavioral adjustment that has been found to have good reliability and measurement invariance. The study found that the WAI-SF scales and subscales have distinct correlations with other measures and variables. The use of WAI-SF is recommended among the Portuguese young adult population and in criminological research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Pedro Pechorro, Matt DeLisi, Rui Abrunhosa Goncalves, Joao Maroco
Summary: The study found that self-control plays a mediating role between various features of psychopathic constructs and externalizing behavioral outcomes, adding specificity to their role as predictors of antisocial behavior.
PSYCHIATRY PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Pedro Pechorro, Matt DeLisi, Catarina Pacheco, Rui Abrunhosa Goncalves, Joao Maroco, Jorge Quintas
Summary: This study examines the psychometric properties of the Low Self-Control Scale (LSCS) and develops a shorter version from a modern psychometric perspective. The six-factor intercorrelated model of the LSCS shows adequate fit and a three-factor shorter version with strong cross-gender measurement invariance and good reliability is developed. The findings have implications for the validity of the general theory of crime and its components of self-control.
CRIME & DELINQUENCY
(2023)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Pedro Pechorro, Matt DeLisi, Joao Maroco, Mario R. Simoes
Summary: This study examines the potential moderation effect of self-reported psychopathic traits on the relationship between delinquent career features and recidivism outcomes, with results suggesting no significant moderation overall except for the interaction between crime frequency and callous-unemotional traits.
YOUTH VIOLENCE AND JUVENILE JUSTICE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alan J. Drury, Michael J. Elbert, Matt DeLisi
Summary: This study provides a qualitative understanding of the p Factor and its contribution to offending behaviors among correctional clients. The findings suggest that criminal clients exhibit a generalized psychopathology disposition and develop conduct problems during early childhood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Molly Minkler, Taea Bonner, Matt DeLisi, Pedro Pechorro, Michael G. Vaughn
Summary: The dark figure of delinquency has a wide distribution, with some youth reporting a significant number of undetected delinquent offenses. Youth who exhibit more psychopathic features, have lower effortful control and higher negative emotionality, are male, and are older have larger dark figures of delinquency.
YOUTH VIOLENCE AND JUVENILE JUSTICE
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Kyle Burgason, Jon Caudill, Matt DeLisi, Chad R. Trulson
Summary: Homicidal ideation is a significant yet understudied concept in criminological research. Previous investigations into this topic have been limited by small convenience samples, restricted access to serious and violent criminals, and the use of single-item measures. This study improves upon existing research by examining the link between three distinct measures of homicidal ideation and murder and attempted murder in a sample of death-sentenced prisoners in California, many of whom have extensive criminal histories and multiple homicide offenses.
Article
Criminology & Penology
Jacob H. H. Erickson, Mark H. H. Heirigs, Matt DeLisi, Alexandra Slemaker, Michael G. G. Vaughn
Summary: This study examines the relationship between strain, low self-control, and self-reported delinquency among institutionalized juveniles. The results suggest that low self-control plays a more important role in both property and violent crime among institutionalized youth compared to economic strain and negative emotions. Furthermore, any associations between negative emotions and delinquency are mediated by the effect of low self-control.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Matt Delisi, H. Daniel Butler, Molly Minkler, Jonathan W. Caudill, Chad R. Trulson
Summary: Inmate murder poses a serious threat to institutional safety in prisons, but previous research on this topic is limited. This study analyzed data from 636 death row inmates in California, and found that 6% of them had murdered other inmates while in custody. The study also found that inmate murderers had more extensive criminal histories, involvement in security threat groups, misconduct within the institution, a higher proportion of white inmates, and exhibited more psychopathic features compared to non-murdering inmates.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Pedro Pechorro, Shelby Curtis, Matt DeLisi, Joao Maroco, Cristina Nunes
Summary: This study compared the differences between Dark Triad traits and self-control in predicting juvenile delinquency, finding that the psychopathy factor in Dark Triad traits has the strongest impact on predicting antisocial and criminal outcomes, followed by self-control.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATION IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Matt DeLisi, Jeff A. Bouffard, Holly A. Miller
Summary: Self-control and psychopathy are two general theories that explain antisocial behavior. They have different impacts on criminal outcomes, sexual aggression, general aggression, and substance abuse. This study found that psychopathy is more important than self-control in understanding deviant behavior among undergraduate students. Further research is needed to determine which theory has greater predictive validity for different populations and forms of crime.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Pedro Pechorro, Matt DeLisi, Jorge Quintas, Rui Abrunhosa Goncalves, Joao Maroco
Summary: The study investigated the impact of self-control on criminal behavior among Portuguese youth, revealing significant effects of self-control on criminal/antisocial-related variables among the youth in Portugal.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY
(2021)
