Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Claire V. V. Meyerovitz, Stephen P. P. Juraschek, Didem Ayturk, Tiffany A. Moore A. Simas, Sharina D. D. Person, Stephenie C. C. Lemon, David D. D. McManus, Lara C. C. Kovell
Summary: This study examined the social determinants of health and blood pressure control among US women of childbearing age with hypertension. The results showed that Black women had poorer hypertension control compared to White women, while no difference was observed among Asian and Hispanic women. Additionally, lower levels of food security were found among Black and Hispanic women. Further investigation is needed to understand the factors beyond the measured social determinants of health contributing to the inequity in hypertension control among Black women.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
D. Leann Long, Boyi Guo, Leslie A. McClure, Byron C. Jaeger, Stephanie E. Tison, George Howard, Suzanne E. Judd, Virginia J. Howard, Timothy B. Plante, Neil A. Zakai, Insu Koh, Katharine L. Cheung, Mary Cushman
Summary: This study aims to explore the pathways contributing to the disparity in hypertension and diabetes incidence between Black and White populations through the assessment of blood biomarkers.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Baoyi Zhang, Jianrong Li, Mabel Tang, Chao Cheng
Summary: A previous study found that racial disparities in prostate cancer fluctuated during 2004-2011 but substantially improved afterwards, while socioeconomic disparities consistently increased during 2004-2018. Efforts should be made to improve treatment plans for financially vulnerable patients and update treatment guidelines for prostate cancer.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yi Lu, Long Chen, Xueming Liu, Yuwen Yang, William C. Sullivan, Wenyan Xu, Chris Webster, Bin Jiang
Summary: The study found significant racial disparity in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in the United States, but at the county level, areas with a higher ratio of green spaces had significantly smaller racial disparities. Four types of green spaces were significantly negatively associated with the racial disparity in infection rates.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Mazen R. Al-Mansour, Khal-Hentz Gabriel, Dan Neal
Summary: The study assessed the relationship between gender, race, and socioeconomic status and preoperative optimization goals. It found that a proportion of ventral hernia patients do not meet the preoperative optimization cut-offs, which is more common among females, Black patients, and those with higher socioeconomic distress.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Sanjay R. Patel, Jessie P. Bakker, Christy J. Stitt, Mark S. Aloia, S. Mehdi Nouraie
Summary: CPAP adherence varies significantly by demographics, with 18- to 30-year-old women having the lowest adherence. The pattern of CPAP use over the first 90 days also differs by age and sex, with older patients showing more stable and gradual increases in usage compared to younger patients. Further research on addressing disparities in CPAP adherence will be crucial for optimizing the benefits of CPAP therapy.
Article
Psychiatry
Meghan R. Enslow, Hanga C. Galfalvy, Sumra Sajid, Rachael S. Pember, J. John Mann, Michael F. Grunebaum
Summary: This study compared the time from the first DSM4 major depressive episode (MDE) until treatment in the community across different racial/ethnic groups. The results showed that non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic (any race) participants had lower rates of antidepressant medication and psychotherapy, and longer delays to antidepressant medication compared to non-Hispanic White participants. These findings underscore the importance of reducing these disparities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guangxiao Hu, Nora Hamovit, Kristen Croft, Jennifer D. Roberts, Deb Niemeier
Summary: High mortality rates among Black communities during the COVID-19 pandemic have worsened its impact. In Louisiana, Black Americans accounted for 50% of known COVID-19-related deaths while only representing 32% of the state's population. Structural racism and inequities have led to severe disparities in initial COVID-19 effects among highly populated Black communities.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Curtis Warren, Anne-Marie Carpenter, Daniel Neal, Kenneth Andreoni, George Sarosi, Ali Zarrinpar
Summary: Disparities exist in liver transplantation waiting list access for non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics, with non-Hispanic Whites being over-represented. However, racial disparities in transplantation are greatly diminished once patients are listed. Improvements in access to adequate health insurance are crucial in reducing disparities in access to life-saving care.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Michal Fishel Bartal, Han-Yang Chen, Farah Amro, Hector Mendez-Figueroa, Stephen M. Wagner, Baha M. Sibai, Suneet P. Chauhan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether there were disparities in adverse pregnancy outcomes among individuals with chronic hypertension based on maternal race and ethnicity in the United States, as well as to assess the temporal trend. The study found that compared to White individuals, Black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander patients had higher risks of adverse outcomes for both mothers and neonates, and this racial and ethnic disparity remained unchanged throughout the study period.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Kristina E. Mercado, Nora M. Badiner, Canty Wang, Laura Denham, Juli J. Unternaehrer, Linda J. Hong, Yevgeniya J. Ioffe
Summary: Carcinosarcoma is a rare and aggressive gynecologic cancer that mainly originates from the uterus, accounting for less than 5% of all uterine malignancies. In this retrospective study, the majority of patients presented with advanced-stage disease, and minority patients were more likely to have advanced-stage disease. Surgical resection followed by chemotherapy was the common treatment approach, with a median progression-free survival of approximately 7.5 months.
Article
Immunology
Kengo Inagaki, Chad Blackshear, Paul A. Burns, Charlotte Hobbs
Summary: This study found significant differences in the risk of bronchiolitis hospitalization among infants of different races/ethnicities in New York State, with Hispanic and Black infants having the highest rates of hospitalization, while Asian infants had a lower risk. Further research and culturally appropriate public health interventions are needed to reduce racial and ethnic health disparities in bronchiolitis.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Wanqing Wen, Amy N. Luckenbaugh, Christina E. Bayley, David F. Pension, Xiao-Ou Shu
Summary: Examining racial disparities in prostate cancer survival among White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian American and Pacific Islander patients, the study found that education, median household income, and insurance status were the most significant factors contributing to the racial disparity. Adjustments for various clinical factors and factors related to access to care showed a decrease in survival disparity for Black patients and an increase for Asian American and Pacific Islander patients in comparison to White patients.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Macarius M. Donneyong, Michael A. Fischer, Michael A. Langston, Joshua J. Joseph, Paul D. Juarez, Ping Zhang, David M. Kline
Summary: The study found that Black/African Americans are more likely to be non-adherent to anti-hypertensive medication, and such non-adherence is associated with mortality from heart disease and stroke. Health determinants, especially in clinical care and social-economic domains, play important roles in explaining the disparities in non-adherence and mortality between Black/African Americans and non-Hispanic Whites.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kunwar Somesh Vikramdeo, Amod Sharma, Shashi Anand, Sarabjeet Kour Sudan, Seema Singh, Ajay Pratap Singh, Santanu Dasgupta
Summary: Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality globally, and race-associated health disparities are common and concerning. PSA-based screening is commonly used for early diagnosis, but it cannot distinguish between indolent and aggressive prostate cancer. Androgen or androgen receptor-targeted therapies are standard treatments, but resistance is common. Mitochondrial alterations are common in prostate cancer and affect tumor-supportive stromal remodeling. This article discusses the role of mitochondrial alterations in prostate cancer pathobiology, therapy resistance, and racial disparities, as well as their potential as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)