Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
Volume 34, Issue 6, Pages 1305-1324Publisher
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/a0013370
Keywords
perceptual fluency; familiarity; priming; criterion shifts; recognition memory
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Funding
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) [MH64812, MH63993]
- James S. McDonnell Foundation
- National Science Foundation [BCS-0217294]
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Five experiments explored the effects of immediate repetition priming on episodic recognition (the Jacoby-Whitehouse effect) as measured with forced-choice testing. These experiments confirmed key predictions of a model adapted from D. E. Huber and R. C. O'Reilly's (2003) dynamic neural network of perception. In this model, short prime durations pre-activate primed items, enhancing perceptual fluency and familiarity, whereas long prime durations result in habituation, causing perceptual disfluency and less familiarity. Short duration primes produced a recognition preference for primed words (Experiments 1, 2, and 5), whereas long duration primes produced a preference against primed words (Experiments 3, 4, and 5). Experiment 2 found prime duration effects even when participants accurately identified short duration primes. A cued-recall task included in Experiments 3, 4, and 5 found priming effects only for recognition trials that were followed by cued-recall failure. These results suggest that priming can enhance as well as lower familiarity, without affecting recollection. Experiment 4 provided a manipulation check on this procedure through a delay manipulation that preferentially affected recognition followed by cued-recall success.
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