Article
Biology
Murielle Alund, Brooke Harper, Sigurlaug Kjaernested, Julian E. Ohl, John G. Phillips, Jessica Sattler, Jared Thompson, Javier E. Varg, Sven Wargenau, Janette W. Boughman, Jason Keagy
Summary: This study investigates the anti-predator behavior of Icelandic threespine sticklebacks in low-visibility environments. The results show that fish have different reactions to different predator cues and are greatly influenced by lighting conditions. Fish from highland lakes react fastest to mechano-visual cues and exhibit the highest activity levels.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Yingyan Yu
Summary: Immune therapy has become an important approach in cancer treatment, but it faces challenges in solid tumors. Combination therapy of multiple immune checkpoints is a new option that has the potential to improve treatment efficacy, but the risk of immune-related adverse events must be considered.
FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Rajanikanth Chowdanayaka, Ramachandra Nallur Basappa
Summary: Mate recognition in Drosophila nasuta involves multiple signal modalities, with visual and chemosensory cues playing essential roles in copulation, while auditory cues influence copulation frequency. Measuring courtship latency and duration helps identify the effects of individual signals on initiating courtship or stimulating female mating.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chunyang Qi, Hongxiang Zhao, Chuanxue Song, Naifu Zhang, Sinxin Song, Haigang Xu, Feng Xiao
Summary: This article proposes a multi-cue fusion monocular velocity and ranging framework to improve the accuracy of monocular ranging and velocity measurement. By using attention mechanism and training method, the network is jointly trained and experimentally validated on multiple datasets, demonstrating the effectiveness of the method.
Article
Biology
Amanda D. Melin, Carrie C. Veilleux, Mareike C. Janiak, Chihiro Hiramatsu, Karem G. Sanchez-Solano, Ingrid K. Lundeen, Shasta E. Webb, Rachel E. Williamson, Megan A. Mah, Evin Murillo-Chacon, Colleen M. Schaffner, Laura Hernandez-Salazar, Filippo Aureli, Shoji Kawamura
Summary: This study examines fruit assessment by three sympatric primates to test the hypothesis that dietary and sensory specialization shape foraging behaviors. The researchers find that spider monkeys mostly use their sense of smell to assess fruits, while capuchins utilize manual touch, and the main olfactory bulb volume is a better predictor of sniffing behavior than nasal turbinate surface area. They also identify an interaction between color vision phenotype and the use of other senses. This study reveals new relationships among dietary specialization, anatomical variation, and foraging behavior, providing insights into the evolution of sensory systems.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Dariusz Jakubas, Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas, Alexis Powers, Troy Frazier, Michael Bottomley, Michal Kraszpulski
Summary: Cognitive abilities play a crucial role for migratory birds visiting unfamiliar stop-over habitats. Our study compared cognitive abilities-linked behavior of two different long-distant migrants, Sedge Warbler and Reed Warbler, during autumn migration. Sedge Warbler showed higher likelihood of escaping from an experimental cage compared to Reed Warbler.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Ting Lei, Wenchao Meng, Kai Zhao, Long Chen
Summary: In this article, a new event-based control solution for MIMO nonlinear systems is proposed, which solves the control boundary constraint issue by constructing a new output-dependent mapping function, and addresses the difficulty of maintaining positive definiteness of the high-order gain matrix by introducing event-triggered rules, ultimately achieving asymptotic tracking.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Elena K. Gomez, Alina Chaiyasarikul, Brandon A. Guell, Karen M. Warkentin
Summary: The arboreal embryos of red-eyed treefrogs hatch prematurely to escape from predators and escape success increases with age. Older embryos are more likely to hatch pre-emptively and avoid direct attacks, while younger embryos are more likely to be attacked again after their egg capsule is ruptured. This ontogenetic adaptation to changing risk trade-offs strongly contributes to the developmental increase in escape success.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yatai Ji, Feiran Chen, Bin Chen, Yiduo Wang, Xiaomin Zhu, Hua He
Summary: This paper proposes a new search algorithm, ET, which combines cognitive search strategy with intermittent search strategy to address the complex road network and spatial scale requirements in chemical clusters. Through simulation and experimental validation, the results show that the ET algorithm significantly improves efficiency and success rate, and the Multi-ET algorithm achieves optimal source searching performance.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
K. Kalyana Chakravarthi, P. Neelakantan, L. Shyamala, V. Vaidehi
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of resource provisioning and workflow execution in a multi-cloud environment using a pay-as-you-use framework. It proposes a Normalization based Reliable Budget constraint Workflow Scheduling (NRBWS) algorithm to improve the reliability of workflow execution and reduce the makespan under the budget constraint. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing heuristics.
CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Huanrong Tang, Fan Yu, Juan Zou, Shengxiang Yang, Jinhua Zheng
Summary: The difficulty of solving constrained multi-objective optimization problems lies in balancing constraint satisfaction and objective optimization while considering the diversity of the solution set. In this study, a population state detection strategy and a restart scheme are proposed to address these issues. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms other state-of-the-art constrained multi-objective algorithms.
SWARM AND EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ji He, Xiaoqi Guo, Songlin Wang, Haitao Chen, Fu-Xin Chai
Summary: This article proposes an improved Pelican algorithm coupled with adaptive e constraint method to tackle the problem of optimal operation of reservoir groups. Through testing on 24 constraint testing functions, it is found that the algorithm demonstrates strong optimization ability and stable performance. The algorithm is also applied to solve the maximum peak-cutting model of cascade reservoirs, and compared with other algorithms, it proves to be effective in meeting the constraint conditions and finding optimal solutions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Wenyi Long, Huachao Dong, Peng Wang, Yan Huang, Jinglu Li, Xubo Yang, Chongbo Fu
Summary: This paper proposes an efficient global diversity CMOEA (EGDCMO) to solve constrained multi-objective optimization problems (CMOPs), which addresses the issues of small feasible regions and complex constraints by maintaining a certain number of well-distributed infeasible solutions in the evolutionary process.
COMPLEX & INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Xiangjie Liu, Le Feng, Xiaobing Kong, Kwang Y. Lee
Summary: This article presents an efficient stochastic model predictive control method that decomposes discrete nonlinear systems into a linear stochastic model and a bounded model mismatch. By incorporating a multi-step control strategy, the conservativeness of the controller is reduced. The feasibility of the recursive nature of the proposed controller is thoroughly discussed, and the control performance is demonstrated through examples involving numerical nonlinear stochastic systems and a wind-blade pitch system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yu Wang, Dong-Fei Wang, Hui-Feng Wang, Jian-Wei Wang, Jian-Zhang Pan, Xiao-Gang Guo, Qun Fang
Summary: This study developed a microfluidic robot platform for sorting rare target cells from complex clinical blood samples, achieving high efficiency and purity through a novel multi-step sorting strategy. The platform automates the identification, capture, and droplet generation of rare cells, demonstrating the feasibility and potential application in the sorting and analysis of specific rare cells like circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPCs) in human blood.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael L. Kelly, Stefan Spreitzenbarth, Caroline C. Kerr, Jan M. Hemmi, John A. Lesku, Craig A. Radford, Shaun P. Collin
Summary: Sleep has been observed in most animals studied so far, including flatworms and jellyfish. Sharks, as the earliest known jawed vertebrates, may exhibit sleep behavior as well, as shown by increased arousal thresholds during periods of inactivity. Further research, including electrophysiological studies, is needed to fully understand sleep in cartilaginous fishes.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rachael E. Warrington, Wayne I. L. Davies, Jan M. Hemmi, Nathan S. Hart, Ian C. Potter, Shaun P. Collin, David M. Hunt
Summary: The study found that the retina of the southern hemisphere pouched lamprey possesses five spectrally and morphologically distinct photoreceptors, indicating potential for complex color vision. Each photoreceptor subtype has a specific spatial distribution in the retina, possibly associated with changes in spectral radiance across different lines of sight.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Emelie A. Brodrick, Martin J. How, Jan M. Hemmi
Summary: Many animals undergo optical changes to adjust visual sensitivity from day to night, controlled by a circadian clock. In fiddler crabs, the optical changes involve the increase of photopigment-packed rhabdoms and the widening of crystalline cone apertures. The study found that fiddler crabs have higher optical sensitivity at night, allowing them to discriminate small contrasts in dim light. They also use temporal summation to enhance visual sensitivity in both night and day. However, even brief, dim and intermittent light exposure disrupts the dark adaptation processes.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Chloe Raderschall, Ola Lundin, Sandra A. M. Lindstrom, Riccardo Bommarco
Summary: Intensively managed agricultural landscapes have degraded the habitats for arthropods and weakened ecosystem services. Farmers are encouraged to sow flower strips and supplement honeybee hives, but the effectiveness of this practice is poorly understood. This study found that flower strips attracted ground-dwelling predators, while honeybee hives increased ladybird beetle densities but deterred other pollinators. Overall, the results suggest that flower strips may not sufficiently increase wild pollinator densities in faba bean fields.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nicolas Nagloo, Jessica K. Mountford, Ben J. Gundry, Nathan S. Hart, Wayne I. L. Davies, Shaun P. Collin, Jan M. Hemmi
Summary: By studying the visual system of Tiliqua rugosa, researchers found that the species has enhanced short-wavelength sensitivity compared to other lizards. This sensitivity is driven by multiple factors, including a potentially red-shifted SWS1 photoreceptor and the absence of short-wavelength-absorbing oil droplets.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Laura G. A. Riggi, Chloe A. Raderschall, Ola Lundin
Summary: Understanding the interactions between crop stressors is crucial for sustainable crop management. This study investigated the effects of lack of bumblebee pollination and herbivory by the broad bean beetle on faba bean yield. The results showed that lack of bumblebee pollination decreased bean weight per plant, while the effects of the broad bean beetle varied at individual and plant-stand levels. These findings emphasize the importance of considering these interactions in order to improve crop yield in faba bean.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuri Ogawa, Ajay Narendra, Jan M. Hemmi
Summary: Nocturnal insects have evolved distinct physiological adaptations that enhance sensitivity in low-light environments. They have reduced flicker fusion frequency but faster eye responses in low light intensities compared to diurnal species.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zahra M. Bagheri, Callum G. Donohue, Julian C. Partridge, Jan M. Hemmi
Summary: Selective attention plays a fundamental role for animals in various contexts. A study on fiddler crabs has shown that they exhibit selective attention in escape decisions. The crabs' body orientation and the contrast of the stimuli play important roles in determining which threat they choose to escape from.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Dan-E Nilsson, Jochen Smolka, Michael Bok
Summary: The visual environment plays a crucial role in determining animal behavior and spatial distribution. This study uses a new method to quantify the distribution of light reaching animals' eyes in different environments, revealing that the vertical gradients of radiance, spatial structure, and color are reliable indicators that can differentiate between different situations.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Callum G. Donohue, Zahra M. Bagheri, Julian C. Partridge, Jan M. Hemmi
Summary: Predation risk imposes strong selection pressures on visual systems, and many animals rely on simplified decision criteria to make escape decisions. However, fiddler crabs are unique in that they time their escape response based on the speed of an object's angular expansion, which is different from other arthropods.
Article
Plant Sciences
Pamela Cristina Santana, Chloe Aline Raderschall, Rafael Maia Rodrigues, Allan G. Ellis, Vinicius Lourenco Garcia de Brito
Summary: This study investigated the influence of floral colour change on pollinator visitation using Lantana undulata as a model plant species. The results showed that the retention of colour-changed white flowers attracted pollinators at long distances, while the yellow colour of young flowers guided pollinators to rewarding and sexually receptive flowers at short distances, maximizing both pollination and foraging efficiency.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zahra M. Bagheri, Anna-Lee Jessop, Julian C. Partridge, Karen J. Osborn, Jan M. Hemmi
Summary: Vision in the midwater of the open ocean is unique and requires animals to have extraordinary visual adaptations. Computational modelling can help us understand the specific visual capabilities of deep-sea animals. The study presents a model to predict the ability of apposition compound eyes to detect visual targets in the deep sea and provides insights into Phronima's unusual eyes.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Chloe A. Raderschall, Ola Lundin, Guillermo Aguilera, Sandra A. M. Lindstrom, Riccardo Bommarco
Summary: The expansion of agriculture and loss of semi-natural habitat have led to a decline in biodiversity. This study focuses on the diversification of cropland as a means to enhance biodiversity. The results show that legacies of crop diversity in the landscape promote carabid beetle species richness, particularly for granivorous carabid beetles. Field size also plays a role in shaping beetle communities. The findings suggest that a diversity of crops and associated weed communities can provide resources and habitats that support carabid beetle populations over time.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Natasha D. Harrison, Rochelle Steven, Ben L. Phillips, Jan M. Hemmi, Adrian F. Wayne, Nicola J. Mitchell
Summary: Measuring anti-predator responses in mammals is essential for conservation efforts. This systematic review identifies various behavioral assays and predator cues that elicit the strongest responses. The study provides important guidance for experimental design and reporting in future research.
ENVIRONMENTAL EVIDENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Michael L. Kelly, Selwyn P. Collins, John A. Lesku, Jan M. Hemmi, Shaun P. Collin, Craig A. Radford
Summary: Sleep plays an important role in energy conservation in sharks. Research on draughtsboard sharks reveals that sleep is characterized by a lower metabolic rate and a flat body posture.