Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sante Roperto
Summary: Bovine Deltapapillomavirus genus is highly pathogenic and commonly found in bladder tumors of adult cattle and water buffaloes. These viruses are associated with specific gene mutations that may lead to abnormal cell proliferation and differentiation, particularly in animals grazing on pastures rich in bracken fern.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
John S. Munday, Geoff Orbell, Rob A. Fairley, Michael Hardcastle, Bernie Vaatstra
Summary: Equine sarcoids are predominantly caused by BPV2 in New Zealand, with consistent detection rates across regions and time periods. Vaccines developed to prevent sarcoids in this country will require good protection against BPV2.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Anna R. Hollis
Summary: Sarcoids are common horse skin tumors caused by infection with bovine papillomavirus, leading to fibroblast proliferation. They are locally invasive and aggressive, causing welfare concerns, interfering with tack and athleticism, and decreasing the value of affected horses. This review discusses the evidence and success rates of commonly used treatments for equine sarcoids, highlighting the lack of a universally successful treatment.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
R. Hoikhman, D. Molinkova, D. Pillarova, P. Linhart, A. Kopecka, P. Jahn
Summary: Equine sarcoids (ES) are the most common skin tumor in horses, affecting their economic value and welfare. Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) is the cause of this tumor, with the E5 protein downregulating MHC I to escape immune reaction and allow viral infected cells to proliferate into ES. By using an ELISA test, antibodies to the E5 oncoprotein were found in ES positive horses, indicating an immune response to this protein.
VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Nanako Yamashita-Kawanishi, James K. Chambers, Kazuyuki Uchida, Yumiko Tobari, Hisashi Yoshimura, Masami Yamamoto, Norio Yumoto, Hiroshi Aoki, Katsuaki Sugiura, Tohru Higuchi, Shigeaki Saito, Takeshi Haga
Summary: The study analyzed BPV1/2 sequences from horses and cattle in Japan, revealing the presence of BPV1 and BPV2 in equine sarcoids with no sarcoid-associated variants found. The phylogenetic analysis of BPV1 showed geographic specificity, suggesting BPV1 sharing between local equids and bovids. Further studies with more extensive global sequences and functional evaluations are needed to confirm the geographic-specific sequence variability of BPV1/2 between equine- and bovine-derived sequences.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anna Cutarelli, Francesca De Falco, Valeria Uleri, Canio Buonavoglia, Sante Roperto
Summary: The present study used liquid biopsy to investigate highly pathogenic bovine deltapapillomavirus DNA in blood samples of goats, revealing varying infection rates and genotype distributions. The findings suggest that animal husbandry practices may contribute to cross-species transmission of BPVs.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Francesca De Falco, Anna Cutarelli, Adriana Florinela Catoi, Barbara Degli Uberti, Bianca Cuccaro, Sante Roperto
Summary: Persistent infection and tumorigenesis by papillomaviruses require manipulation of cellular processes involved in innate immune responses. A study found that a pathway essential for innate immune sensing, the cGAS-STING pathway, is impaired in bovine papillomavirus (BPV) infection, leading to persistent viral infection and tumorigenesis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pathology
Magdalena Ogluszka, Rafal Radoslaw Starzynski, Mariusz Pierzchala, Iwona Otrocka-Domagala, Andrzej Ras
Summary: Equine sarcoid is the most common skin tumor in horses, with 6 clinical classes and often presenting as multiple lesions. The tumors are usually persistent, hard to treat, and tend to recur. While not usually fatal, they can impact a horse's function and welfare.
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Giorgia Tura, Barbara Brunetti, Elena Brigandi, Riccardo Rinnovati, Giuseppe Sarli, Giancarlo Avallone, Luisa Vera Muscatello, Roberto Marcello La Ragione, Andy E. Durham, Barbara Bacci
Summary: Expression of cell-cycle regulatory proteins pRB, Cyclin D1, and p53 is not associated with recurrence rates of equine sarcoids, different from human papillomavirus.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio, Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera, Jose Pedraza-Chaverri
Summary: This article focuses on the similarities in pathology and biomarkers in canine, feline, and human cancers associated with PV, specifically the overexpression of oncoproteins E5, E6, and E7. The potential benefit of treatments targeting these oncoproteins is discussed, highlighting the potential for translational research in these three species.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lien Gysens, Ann Martens, Maarten Haspeslagh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the ability of superficial swabs and fine-needle aspirates to accurately detect the viral load in equine sarcoids. The results showed that viral load was not a predictor of the clinical type, and the correlation between fine-needle aspirates and the reference standard was strong, suggesting it as the preferred method for quantifying viral load.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Giorgia Tura, Federica Savini, Laura Gallina, Roberto M. La Ragione, Andy E. Durham, Martina Mazzeschi, Mattia Lauriola, Giancarlo Avallone, Giuseppe Sarli, Barbara Brunetti, Luisa Muscatello, Cinzia Girone, Barbara Bacci
Summary: The study confirmed the presence of BPV in all samples, with CISH signal distribution mainly demonstrating diffuse or subepithelial patterns. However, there was no significant association found between clinical subtypes and specific histological features or hybridization patterns. Immunohistochemistry revealed myofibroblastic differentiation in some sarcoids, suggesting potential diagnostic value of FAP alpha.
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lien Gysens, Ann Martens, Maarten Haspeslagh
Summary: This study compared the diagnostic characteristics of superficial swabs and fine-needle aspirates (FNA) for detecting bovine papillomavirus (BPV) in equine sarcoids. It found that FNA detected a greater proportion of BPV positives compared to swabs, especially in non-ulcerated lesions. FNA also showed superior sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy compared to swabbing. Additionally, FNA had advantages in terms of adequate sampling and reduced risk of contamination or latent BPV detection. These findings suggest that FNA has promise as a valid diagnostic tool for improving the consistency and quality of equine sarcoid diagnosis.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Beatriz Medeiros-Fonseca, Ana Lucia Abreu-Silva, Rui Medeiros, Paula A. Oliveira, Rui M. Gil da Costa
Summary: Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) is a global concern due to its ability to induce various benign and malignant diseases, with a high association with bracken fern toxins. Understanding the interactions between BPV and bracken chemical carcinogens is crucial for controlling livestock losses caused by these pathogens worldwide.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Wilson Karalus, Supatsak Subharat, Geoff Orbell, Bernie Vaatstra, John S. Munday
Summary: This study found that mitotic count (MC) >= 20 and fibroblastic clinical type were correlated with recurrence in sarcoids.
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Giovanni Sgroi, Roberta Iatta, Riccardo Paolo Lia, Ettore Napoli, Francesco Buono, Marcos Antonio Bezerra-Santos, Vincenzo Veneziano, Domenico Otranto
Summary: Citizen science can involve community members and individuals in research, aside from professional scientists. By collecting samples from hunters and their dogs in southern Italy, this study found a high prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ticks, indicating a significant risk of exposure for hunters and their hunting dogs during hunting activities.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Giorgia Dessi, Pierangela Cabras, Naunain Mehmood, Fahad Ahmed, Francesca Porcu, Vincenzo Veneziano, Giovanni Pietro Burrai, Claudia Tamponi, Antonio Scala, Antonio Varcasia
Summary: The study investigated the prevalence of Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus in wild boars in Sardinia, Italy, revealing higher infection rates in males and young individuals. Histopathological examination showed the presence of nodules in the intestine surrounded by a hyperemic-hemorrhagic halo. Molecular characterization demonstrated distinct interindividual variations in the partial mitochondrial cox1 gene.
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Manuela Martano, Gennaro Altamura, Karen Power, Pierluigi Liguori, Brunella Restucci, Giuseppe Borzacchiello, Paola Maiolino
Summary: Equine sarcoids, caused by bovine papillomaviruses, exhibit an alteration of the autophagic process, leading to the survival of a specific population of fibroblasts that produce more and/or altered collagen in a hypoxic microenvironment.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David Cano-Terriza, Juan J. Franco, Eduard Jose-Cunilleras, Francesco Buono, Sonia Almeria, Vincenzo Veneziano, Eduardo Alguacil, Jesus Garcia, Isabelle Villena, Jitender P. Dubey, Debora Jimenez-Martin, Ignacio Garcia-Bocanegra
Summary: This cross-sectional study investigated the exposure of equids in Europe to Toxoplasma gondii, a worldwide parasitic zoonosis caused by an intracellular protozoan. Serum samples from 1399 equids bred in Italy, Spain, UK, and Ireland were collected, and T. gondii seroprevalence was determined. The overall seroprevalence was 18.9%, with higher rates in Italy (27.1%) and lower rates in UK (12.0%) and Ireland (7.0%). Horses had a seropositivity of 12.8%, while donkeys and mules/hinnies had higher rates of 43.7% and 28.9%, respectively. The study highlights the potential risk of human infection through the consumption of raw/undercooked milk or meat from these equid species.
ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Florentina Daraban Bocaneti, Gennaro Altamura, Annunziata Corteggio, Oana Irina Tanase, Mihaela Anca Dascalu, Sorin Aurelian Pasca, Ozana Hritcu, Mihai Mares, Giuseppe Borzacchiello
Summary: This study investigated the expression of MMP-1/-8/-13 and TIMP-3 in bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas. The results showed that MMP-8/-13 were overexpressed while MMP-1 was down-regulated in the tumors compared to normal skin samples, along with a decrease in TIMP-3 levels. These findings suggest that an imbalance between MMPs/TIMPs may contribute to increased collagenolytic activity and play a role in ECM changes and tumor development.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Parasitology
Francesco Buono, Vincenzo Veneziano, Fabrizia Veronesi, Marcelo Beltrao Molento
Summary: The similarities in endoparasitic infections between horses and donkeys were discussed at the conference. Despite genetic differences, both species face similar parasite threats. The helminth biodiversity, distribution, and intensity vary among different geographical locations and breeds. It is important to consider the risk of passive infection in donkeys and use selective treatment based on fecal egg counts.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anna Morea, Angela Stufano, Giovanni Sgroi, Leonarda De Benedictis, Marcos Antonio Bezerra-Santos, Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan, Vincenzo Veneziano, Domenico Otranto, Piero Lovreglio, Roberta Iatta
Summary: This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of L. infantum in different groups of outdoor workers and identified veterinarians as having the highest seroprevalence. It highlights the importance of increased occupational health surveillance and collaboration among different experts to prevent the spread of this disease.
ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Paolo Varuzza, Marco Lombardini, Valerio Toscano, Felice Argenio, Nicola D'Alessio, Vincenzo Caputo, Vincenzo Veneziano, Alessandro Fioretti
Summary: Wild boar populations in Europe have increased dramatically, but hunting has limited effectiveness in reducing their numbers. This study examines the impact of hunting efforts on hunting rates in collective drive hunts in southern Italy. The results indicate a low hunting rate and suggest that adjusting the hunting calendar and reorganizing collective hunts can improve hunting efficiency.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Karen Power, Manuela Martano, Nadia Piscopo, Paolo Viola, Gennaro Altamura, Vincenzo Veneziano, Ana Carvajal Uruena, Luigi Esposito
Summary: Recent findings of E. garfiai in wild boars in southern Italy highlight the need for epidemiological data collection on this parasite. This study analyzed the prevalence of E. garfiai in relation to altitude in different provinces of southern and central Italy. The results showed that the parasite is more common at altitudes above 900 m, likely due to a higher presence of earthworms in the soil.
Article
Microbiology
Hiba Dakroub, Giovanni Sgroi, Nicola D'Alessio, Danilo Russo, Francesco Serra, Vincenzo Veneziano, Simona Rea, Alessia Pucciarelli, Maria Gabriella Lucibelli, Esterina De Carlo, Giovanna Fusco, Maria Grazia Amoroso
Summary: Systematic wildlife surveillance is crucial in preventing zoonotic infections that endanger human health and biodiversity. Our study found a high circulation of Toxoplasma gondii in wild mammals in the Campania region of southern Italy, highlighting the critical role of anthropized areas in the transmission of this parasite.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Gennaro Altamura, Giuseppe Borzacchiello
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Parasitology
Giovanni Sgroi, Nicola D'Alessio, Rachele Vada, Ezio Ferroglio, Joaquin Vicente, Vincenzo Veneziano
Summary: This review discusses the advantages and limitations of citizen science approach in monitoring wildlife and related arthropod species, and emphasizes the importance of citizen science in improving knowledge of wildlife ecology and diseases.
Article
Microbiology
Claudio de Martinis, Alessia Pucciarelli, Maria Ottaiano, Roberta Pellicano, Loredana Baldi, Vincenzo Veneziano, Giovanni Sgroi, Federica Boccia, Carmine Carbone, Lorena Cardillo, Giovanna Fusco
Summary: This study analyzed data from 480 home-reared pigs in Napoli Province, Italy, and found that 4 samples tested positive for Toxoplasma gondii, but with very low infection rates. Compared to traditional farming methods, home-reared pigs had lower risk, potentially reducing the risk of human exposure to the parasite through meat consumption.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Gennaro Altamura, Manuela Martano, Anna Matrone, Annunziata Corteggio, Giuseppe Borzacchiello
Summary: Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is difficult to treat and new therapeutic strategies are needed. This study found that cetuximab, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody, has inhibitory effects on invasion and metastasis in FOSCC by affecting MMPs and epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways, potentially improving the management of the disease.
VETERINARY AND COMPARATIVE ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Gennaro Altamura, Bianca Cuccaro, Claudia Eleni, Carina Strohmayer, Sabine Brandt, Giuseppe Borzacchiello
Summary: Recent evidence suggests a potential association of Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 (FcaPV-2) DNA with feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC). This study detected viral DNA in a significant number of FOSCC samples collected in Italy and Austria using type-specific PCR targeting different genes of FcaPV-1/-2/-3/-4/-5/-6. The results confirmed the high prevalence of FcaPV-2 in FOSCC and highlighted potential differences in the circulation rates of FcaPVs among European countries.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Adel K. Auth, Guy J. Hinnigan, Meredith A. Smith, Kathryn R. Owen
Summary: This study investigated the low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and lesion distribution in nonracehorses with MCP/MTPJ region pain. The results showed that soft tissue injuries were more common, with suspensory ligament branch injuries being the most frequent. In terms of osseous pathology, the subchondral bone (SCB) was most frequently affected, with the majority of lesions located on the dorsal aspect of the bone. The main limitations of the study were the lack of standardized diagnostic analgesia pattern and the absence of bilateral MRI sequences in all limbs.
JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Humberto B. Magalhaes, Jose Antonio Dell'Aqua Jr, Igor F. Canisso
Summary: This study assessed luteolysis and side effects in jennies receiving standard horse-recommended doses of cloprostenol and dinoprost. The results showed that both dinoprost and cloprostenol effectively induced luteolysis, but with different side effects.
JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
