Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Volume 26, Issue 2, Pages 448-457Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/S1001-0742(13)60427-1
Keywords
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; exposure; risk assessment; traffic assistants; source identification
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Funding
- Chinese National Science Funding Council [20807002, 20307006]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2011CB503801]
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To investigate the levels of exposure to particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAR) and to estimate the risk these levels pose to traffic assistants (TAs) in Tianjin (a megacity in North China), a measurement campaign (33 all-day exposure samples, 25 occupational-exposure samples and 10 indoor samples) was conducted to characterize the TAs' exposure to PAHs, assess the cancer risk and identify the potential sources of exposure. The average total exposure concentration of 14 PAHs was approximately 2871 +/- 928 ng/m(3) (on-duty), and 1622 +/- 457 ng/m(3) (all-day). The indoor PAHs level was 1257 +/- 107 ng/m(3). After 8000 Monte Carlo simulations, the cancer risk resulting from exposure to PAHs was found to be approximately 1.05 x 10(-4). A multivariate analysis was applied to identify the potential sources, and the results showed that, in addition to vehicle exhaust, coal combustion and cooking fumes were also another two important contributors to personal PAR exposure. The diagnostic ratios of PAR compounds agree with the source apportionment results derived from principal component analysis.
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