Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malgorzata Wronkowska, Wieslaw Wiczkowski, Joanna Topolska, Dorota Szawara-Nowak, Mariusz Konrad Piskula, Henryk Zielinski
Summary: In this study, the highly sensitive micro-HPLC-QTRAP/MS/MS technique was used to identify and evaluate the potential bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds and Maillard reaction products (MRPs) in buckwheat biscuits after in vitro digestion. The results showed that fermented buckwheat flours significantly increased the content of MRPs and had a higher bioaccessibility of furosine compared to non-fermented flours. The biscuits prepared from fermented flours also had a higher level of melanoidins, indicating a higher bioaccessibility. In addition, the study identified ten phenolic acids and eight flavonoids in the investigated biscuits, with vanillic, syringic, and protocatechuic acids being the predominant phenolic acids, and rutin, epicatechin, and vitexin being the main flavonoids. Overall, fermentation of buckwheat flour with Rhizopus oligosporus 2710 appears to be a promising method to produce high-quality biscuits with enhanced bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds and MRPs.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Marwa Tarek Elkandoz, Wassim Alexan
Summary: The paper proposes an image encryption confusion-diffusion technique that rearranges and XORs the pixels of an image with a secret key to ensure the protection of sensitive information. The proposed scheme demonstrates excellent performance and efficiency, making it suitable for real-time applications.
MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Marius Affonfere, Flora Josiane Chadare, Finagnon Toyi Kevin Fassinou, Anita Rachel Linnemann, Kwaku Gyebi Duodu
Summary: Micronutrient deficiencies affect many people worldwide, and the poor bioavailability of food micronutrients is a key factor. This review collected data using a numeric approach and highlighted the factors affecting minerals bioavailability and assessment methods.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Haijing Lan, Hui Wang, Chong Chen, Wenlu Hu, Chao Ai, Lei Chen, Hui Teng
Summary: This review focuses on the distribution and regulation of polyphenols in human diet, as well as the protective effects of polyphenols on gastrointestinal health, including the regulation of gut microbiota, enhancement of intestinal barrier function, and repair of gastrointestinal mucosa. The review also discusses the bidirectional interaction between polyphenols and intestinal microbiota. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of the gastrointestinal health effects of polyphenols and contribute to the scientific basis for their application as functional food.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Cristian Dima, Elham Assadpour, Alexandru Nechifor, Stefan Dima, Yan Li, Seid Mahdi Jafari
Summary: Foods are complex biosystems comprised of various compounds. Nutrients and bioactive compounds contribute to body functions and health benefits, while food additives improve sensory attributes and ensure food safety. Antinutrients and contaminants in foods affect bioefficiency and increase toxicity risk. Oral bioavailability depends on physicochemical and biological processes, including liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. This paper provides an overview of factors influencing oral bioavailability and discusses the effects of physiological and pharmacokinetics factors, as well as the impact of matrix and food processing. Furthermore, the research focuses on improving oral bioavailability using traditional techniques and food nanotechnologies.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lei Cao, Sang Gil Lee, Joong Ho Shin
Summary: Anthocyanins, known for their health benefits, often degrade during gastrointestinal digestion, which reduces their efficacy. Encapsulation systems have been proposed to enhance the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of anthocyanins. This review analyzes published studies and concludes that encapsulation methods such as spray-drying and freeze-drying can improve bioaccessibility, while simple coacervation shows promise in protecting anthocyanins during digestion. However, excessive encapsulation may hinder the release of anthocyanins, thus reducing their bioaccessibility.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Jiajing Zhou, Minhao Li, Qian Bai, Thaiza S. P. de Souza, Colin Barrow, Frank Dunshea, Hafiz A. R. Suleria
Summary: Pulses are edible seeds from the Leguminosae family, including common beans, peas, lentils, chickpeas, and faba beans. They are sustainable sources of nutrients, with double the protein content of cereal grains. Pulses are rich in phytochemicals, which have potential health benefits but also contain antinutritional compounds. Different processing methods can enhance the nutritional and sensory characteristics of pulses but may also affect the content of phytochemicals. The bioaccessibility and bioavailability of pulse phytochemicals can be improved through food processing and digestion, leading to more health benefits in the human body.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Lingxiao Gong, Linlin Hu, Dannin Feng, Jingwen Chi, Bohan Wang, Jing Wang
Summary: The study investigated the effects of different household cooking methods on the bioactive components of Chinese yam, finding that cooking led to significant losses of phenolic compounds and diosgenin content, but no change in allantoin content. Normal steaming resulted in the highest bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds and allantoin, while high-pressure boiling had the highest diosgenin content. The concentration of bioactive components in digesta fluid was related to antioxidant and enzymatic inhibitory activities.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ana Paula Rebellato, Joyce Grazielle Siqueira Silva, Priscila Probio de Moraes, Bianca Trajano, Juliana Azevedo Lima Pallone
Summary: This study evaluated the content and bioaccessibility of essential elements in processed pork and beef products. The results showed high variation between brands and batches. The dialysis assay was considered inadequate for simulating in vitro digestion of meat samples, while the INFOGEST protocol showed the highest bioaccessible fractions.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zahra Jamshidi, Nozar Samani
Summary: This article investigates the spatiotemporal diversity of precipitation in Iran and determines homogeneous precipitation regions at different scales using cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The findings provide accurate baseline reference for water resource management and advance the understanding of precipitation dynamics in different regions of the country.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Suisui Jiang, Xue Feng, Fan Zhang, Runfang Wang, Mingyong Zeng
Summary: The study found that different cooking methods affect the digestibility and mineral bioaccessibility of oysters, with steaming being the preferred method to preserve their nutritional value.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ruijuan Gu, Xiaowen Chang, Guotao Bai, Xiang Li, Yan Di, Xuebo Liu, Lijun Sun, Yutang Wang
Summary: The study found that different household cooking methods can affect the tissue structure, nutritional components, and bioaccessibility of quinoa. Germination can increase antioxidant capacity but decrease tocopherol content; steaming processes destroy tissue structure and reduce antioxidant capacity.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chao Cheng, Abigail Sloan, Molin Wang
Summary: This paper introduces two calibration methods to address measurement error and bias in pooling biomarker data from different studies. Simulation studies and application to a specific case were conducted to evaluate the performance of these methods.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Peiyu Wang, Yue Li, Ruipeng Yu, Dejian Huang, Shangwei Chen, Song Zhu
Summary: The effects of different drying methods on the selenium content and bioaccessibility of Se-rich plants were studied. The study found that far-infrared drying had the lowest selenium loss rate, while freeze vacuum drying and vacuum drying had the lowest Se retention and bioaccessibility.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Naiyi Yin, Zeliang Han, Wenbin Jia, Yaqi Fu, Jingnan Ma, Xiaotong Liu, Xiaolin Cai, Yan Li, Xiaochen Chen, Yanshan Cui
Summary: The study revealed that the supplementation of vitamin C increased the oral bioaccessibility of lead in contaminated soils, mainly by enhancing the release of lead in the gastric phase and its reduction in the intestinal phase. However, there is a higher non-carcinogenic risk associated with this, highlighting the need for careful management of vitamin C supplements for individuals exposed to lead in soil.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Godfred Darko, Samuel Adjei, Marian Asantewah Nkansah, Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye, Kwadwo Owusu Boakye, Matt Dodd
Summary: This study assessed the levels of toxic metals in agricultural soils and edible root tuber crops from gold mining and non-mining communities in Ghana. The metals were found to be higher in the gold mining communities, but the risks posed by consuming the tubers were low.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Charles Bevington, Howard D. Gardner, Jonathan Cohen, Cara Henning, Pat E. Rasmussen
Summary: This study proposes a method to estimate dust-lead concentrations when only dust-lead loading values are available, which shows consistent predictions across independent evaluations with over 90% of estimates falling within a 90% prediction interval. However, there is greater uncertainty in predicting dust-lead concentrations at high dust-lead loadings.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Philippe Glorennec, Derek G. Shendell, Pat E. Rasmussen, Roger Waeber, Peter Egeghy, Kenichi Azuma, Aurelie Pelfrene, Barbara Le Bot, Williams Esteve, Guillaume Perouel, Valerie Pernelet Joly, Yves Noack, Matthieu Delannoy, Marion Keirsbulck, Corinne Mandin
Summary: Indoor settled dust can result in human exposure to chemicals, necessitating the development of guidelines. An international scientific workshop held in Paris in 2019 assessed the importance of these guidelines for public health and discussed scientific challenges, reaching consensus on the need for such guidelines.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Andrey Boyadzhiev, Mary-Luyza Avramescu, Dongmei Wu, Andrew Williams, Pat Rasmussen, Sabina Halappanavar
Summary: The study investigated the in vitro toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and found that the cellular responses to CuO NPs were dose and time-dependent, different from the effects of dissolved Cu2+ ions. The research suggested that the potency and cytotoxicity of CuO NPs cannot be solely attributed to the ions released in the extracellular medium, indicating a more complex mechanism of toxicity involving particle properties.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Pat E. Rasmussen, Christine Levesque, Owen Butler, Marc Chenier, H. David Gardner
Summary: This study investigated trends in the elemental composition of PM2.5 collected from indoor, outdoor, and personal microenvironments using two different metrics. Positive correlations using one metric often turned negative when the other metric was applied. The findings suggest that elemental associations in PM2.5 may be influenced by Fe-Mn oxyhydroxide sorption processes, with evidence of varying correlations between S and PM2.5 in different seasons and environments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrey Boyadzhiev, Silvia Aidee Solorio-Rodriguez, Dongmei Wu, Mary-Luyza Avramescu, Pat Rasmussen, Sabina Halappanavar
Summary: Metal oxide nanomaterials (MONMs) are widely used nanomaterials that have the potential to induce DNA damage in living organisms. In this study, the high-throughput CometChip assay was used to assess the genotoxic potential of MONMs and microparticles. The results showed that CuO NPs, ZnO NPs and MPs, and ZnCl2 exposures induced dose- and time-dependent increases in DNA damage. Coated/surface-modified TiO2 NPs and one pristine TiO2 NP also induced subtle dose-dependent DNA damage. Concentration modelling highlighted the differential impact that particle and dissolved fractions can have on genotoxicity induced by MONMs.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pat E. Rasmussen, Cariton Kubwabo, H. David Gardner, Christine Levesque, Suzanne Beauchemin
Summary: This study examines the relationship between house characteristics and chemical contaminants in house dust. The results suggest that there are various indoor sources of synthetic organic compounds and metal(loid)s in house dust. Factors such as flooring type, heating style, and the use of certain household products are associated with contaminant concentrations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Carlos A. Marin Villegas, Gerald J. Zagury
Summary: This study aims to assess the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic human health risks associated with PTMs in soil near CCA-treated utility poles in Montreal. The findings showed that the oral and dermal pathways pose higher risks compared to inhalation, and arsenic and lead are the main contributors to carcinogenic risk through ingestion and skin absorption.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mary-Luyza Avramescu, Marc Chenier, Suzanne Beauchemin, Pat Rasmussen
Summary: Toxicological effects of metal-oxide-engineered nanomaterials are influenced by their solubility and surface reactivity. This study investigated the dissolution behavior of five metal-oxide ENMs in various biologically relevant media. The ENMs showed higher solubility in water and cell culture medium compared to their bulk analogues. Lowering the initial concentration increased the relative solubility of certain ENMs. The choice of aqueous media significantly affected agglomeration and dissolution behavior, with higher solubility observed in media containing amino acids and proteins.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Claudia Alcantara, Laura Chaparro, Gerald J. Zagury
Summary: Electronic cigarettes are considered safer than conventional cigarettes, but previous research has shown that they can lead to metal leaching from coil contact. This study measured the levels of Cr, Cd, Ni, and Pb in different e-liquids and found varying concentrations of these metals in the coil extracts, suggesting differences in metal leaching capacity. Results showed that nicotine salts at 40 mg/mL enhanced the transfer of Cr and Ni, while stainless steel 317 L released very low metal concentrations. Some coil extracts and aerosol samples exceeded safe concentration levels for Ni and Cr, indicating potential health risks. Further research on coil manufacturing regulations is needed.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Florent A. Ghislain, Gerald J. Zagury
Summary: Although dermal exposure to metal(loid)s from contaminated soils has not been as widely studied as oral and inhalation exposure, it can pose significant human health risks. This study investigated the impact of sebum proportion in synthetic sweat formulations on the bioaccessibility and permeation of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn through synthetic skin. Results showed that the presence of sebum significantly affected the bioaccessibility percentages of As, Cr, and Cu, while it had no influence on Pb and Zn. Some metal(loid)s, particularly As and Cu, permeated the synthetic skin membrane when sebum was present in the sweat formulations. Further research on the speciation of metal(loid)s in bioaccessible extracts in the presence of sebum is recommended.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Richard A. Harris, Madeleine Blondin-Brosseau, Christine Levesque, Pat E. Rasmussen, Suzanne Beauchemin, John W. Austin
Summary: Analyzing vacuum cleaner dust samples from Canadian households revealed no positive results for Clostridium botulinum spores. The most common anaerobic bacteria identified were of the genus Clostridium, with the most common species being Clostridium perfringens. Dust samples containing different types of C. botulinum spores successfully produced positive reactions during testing.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lydia Otoo Amponsah, Matt Dodd, Godfred Darko
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of toxic metals in surface soils at E-waste recycling sites in Kumasi, Ghana, and found significant environmental pollution and human health risks. The metal concentrations in the soils near the recycling sites were much higher than international soil quality guidelines, and some metals had high bioaccessibility, posing potential harm to human health.
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cariton Kubwabo, Xinghua Fan, Guru Prasad Katuri, Arezoo Habibagahi, Pat E. Rasmussen
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence of organic phosphate esters in Canadian house dust samples, with the main analytes being IDDPP, CDPP, and ITPs. Strong correlations were found among the ITPs, indicating potential mixtures in consumer products. While BPA-DP and RBDP were detected in most samples, their concentrations were relatively low.
EMERGING CONTAMINANTS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Joanna Wragg, Mark Cave
Summary: This study analyzed the arsenic and lead content in surface soil samples in Stoke-on-Trent, UK, using a geochemical soil survey. Random Forest modeling was used to predict the bioaccessible arsenic and lead based on total element data, indicating anthropogenic causes for the source of these elements.