Article
Environmental Sciences
S. Kristina Kalkan, Sofija Forkapic, B. Slobodan Markovic, B. Milivoj Gavrilov, Kristina Bikit-Schroeder, Dusan Mrda, G. Milica Radakovic, Radislav Tosic
Summary: The study investigates the impact of the Chernobyl accident on the radioactive contamination in the region of Vojvodina, Northern Province of Serbia, and examines the influence of precipitation on the deposition of radiocaesium in soil. Results indicate that after the Chernobyl accident, the surface contamination of cesium in the region was significantly higher than the contamination caused by nuclear testing.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Irina E. Vlasova, Vasily O. Yapaskurt, Alexei A. Averin, Oleg E. Melnik, Denis A. Zolotov, Roman A. Senin, Tatiana R. Poliakova, Iurii M. Nevolin, Stepan N. Kalmykov, Andrey A. Shiryaev
Summary: Investigation of shocked materials in extreme thermodynamic conditions provides unique information about their behavior. This study examines nuclear fallout particles from historic tests at the Semipalatinsk test site using complementary analytical methods. The distribution of radionuclides in the samples is highly heterogeneous, with high-content domains intermixed with non-active materials. The chemical composition of the glassy matrix does not correlate with the content of radionuclides. The main fraction of radionuclides in aerodynamic fallout is trapped in the outer glassy shell. The study also discusses the temperature-induced transformations of entrapped minerals and reveals the absence of a direct correlation between the degree of decomposition, resulting morphology, and maximum experienced temperature in zircon grains. The temperature history of a nuclear ground glass is estimated for the first time using Zr diffusion profiles from decomposing zircon grain.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Jamie M. Purkis, Phil E. Warwick, James Graham, Shaun D. Hemming, Andrew B. Cundy
Summary: Electrokinetic remediation (EKR) shows high removal efficiencies in removing radionuclides from contaminated substrates, especially in low-permeability substrates. The technology has great potential for nuclear site applications and future development.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Sebastiano Venturi
Summary: The article highlights the increasing level of radionuclide contamination in terrestrial ecosystems, with cesium-137 being the major artificial radionuclide present. Cesium ion behaves similarly to potassium ion in human, animal, and plant cells, and ingestion of radiocesium can lead to diseases like pancreatitis. Autoradiographic studies have shown that cesium-137 is concentrated in the pancreas, potentially playing a role in the development of pancreatic cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A-L Chabauty, F. O. Mear, L. Montagne, L. Campayo
Summary: Silver phosphate glasses were studied for conditioning of radioactive iodine 129, with Nb2O5 and Bi2O3 as crosslinking agents. The impact of these modifications on glass chemical durability, especially the addition of Nb2O5, was significant in reducing phosphorus release rates and forming a passivating layer in long-term alteration tests. The results suggest that elemental release in solution alone may underestimate alteration rates, emphasizing the importance of considering different elements in glass composition.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mercedes Lopez-Lora, Grzegorz Olszewski, Elena Chamizo, Per Tornquist, Hakan Pettersson, Mats Eriksson
Summary: The distribution of plutonium in a sediment core from Tva''ren bay in Sweden was analyzed to determine its origin and the history of aquatic release from the Studsvik nuclear facility. The results revealed highly enriched 239Pu, likely from the Swedish nuclear program and the handling of high burn-up nuclear fuel. The analysis of isotopes also suggested the impact of US thermonuclear tests in the 1950s on the sediment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Yen-Chiang Chang, Xiaonan Zhao, Yang Han
Summary: This article discusses Japan's decision to discharge nuclear-contaminated water from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station into the ocean and its international responsibilities. It concludes that the water should not be discharged into the ocean. The article suggests strengthening international cooperation, monitoring the disposal process, seeking advisory opinions from international tribunals, and establishing relevant treaties or organizations to better implement international environmental law.
OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
History
James Rice
Summary: Harry, a 32-kiloton tower shot in May of 1953, caused radioactive contamination and fallout in St. George, Utah. The timing of the shelter in place directive and Harry's arrival in St. George remains controversial, as do the potential health effects. Through archival analysis, this study provides a more detailed account of the events surrounding shot Harry and highlights its implications for historical analysis.
WESTERN HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
(2023)
Article
Economics
Francesca Marino, Luca Nunziata
Summary: This study utilizes the random variation in health patterns across European regions caused by the Chernobyl nuclear disaster to examine the causal effect of health patterns on social capital. The results show that radioactive fallout is positively associated with an increase in hospital discharges after neoplasm treatment almost thirty years later, consistent with previous studies on the health effects of low-dose radiation exposure. The increased incidence of neoplasms and the resulting perception of higher risks of contracting potentially deadly diseases among the healthy population lead to a significant impoverishment of social capital and a reduction in social interactions, altruism, and happiness. These findings suggest that healthcare and prevention policies may have additional benefits in terms of increasing social capital in communities.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Leena Soininen, Helena Mussalo-Rauhamaa
Summary: Research suggests that Finnish Sami people have a lower overall cancer risk, with certain exceptions such as stomach cancer among the Skolt Sami. Common cancers among the Finnish main population, such as prostate, breast, and skin cancer, are particularly rare among the Finnish Sami. Despite changing lifestyles and environments, the cancer mortality rate among the Sami people today is similar to that of the majority of the Finnish and western populations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Mechanical
Manu (Joshua) Li
Summary: This paper explains different methods of nuclear weapon testing and their advantages and disadvantages, comparing them based on cost, preparation time, and safety. Underground testing is deduced to be the best method.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MECHANICAL DESIGN AND SIMULATION (MDS 2022)
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Emily E. Moore, Timothy P. Genda, Enrica Balboni, Zurong Dai, Aurelien Perron, Kimberly B. Knight
Summary: In a ground-interacting nuclear explosion, the composition and texture of the resulting melt can provide insights into the early cooling conditions of these events. This study uses the CALPHAD method to predict temperature and composition ranges where stable liquid immiscibility might occur in nuclear fallout glass. It also explores the sensitivity of immiscibility to the presence of certain elements and introduces partition coefficients to understand the distribution of components in the melt.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Christine Eriksen
Summary: The Perspective highlights the risks posed by wildfires that release radioactive material originally deposited into the environment by nuclear disasters. As wildfires occur more frequently due to climate change and land use changes, nuclear wildfires have become a pressing yet little discussed issue that requires urgent attention.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexander I. Wiechert, Austin P. Ladshaw, Yong-ha Kim, Costas Tsouris, Sotira Yiacoumi
Summary: Accurate prediction of debris particle transport relies on understanding the size distribution within a debris cloud, which can change during transport due to various microphysical processes. This study aims to develop a modeling framework that incorporates a dynamic population balance to simulate the transport and deposition of a radioactive plume, considering particle aggregation and breakup.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
R. Giles Harrison, John C. Riddick
Summary: This study conducted long-term measurements of atmospheric electricity at Lerwick Observatory, including potential gradient and air-Earth current density. Particularly, it discovered atmospheric electrical changes caused by nuclear weapon detonations, which has parallels with the discovery of the Antarctic ozone hole. The measurements at Lerwick provide valuable references for future similar research.
HISTORY OF GEO- AND SPACE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Barbara Vezzoni, Fabrizio Gabrielli, Andrei Rineiski, Aleksandra Schwenk-Ferrero, Vincenzo Romanello, Werner Maschek, Concetta Fazio, Massimo Salvatores
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2015)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
B. Vezzoni, M. Salvatores, F. Gabrielli, A. Schwenk-Ferrero, V. Romanello, W. Maschek, G. Forasassi
FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
V. Romanello, M. Salvatores, F. Gabrielli, B. Vezzoni, W. Maschek, A. Schwenk-Ferrero, A. Rineiski, C. Sommer, W. Stacey, B. Petrovic
FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Benedetto Bozzini, Lucia D'Urzo, Claudio Mele, Vincenzo Romanello
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2008)
Article
Electrochemistry
Claudio Mele, Sandra Rondinini, Lucia D'Urzo, Vincenzo Romanello, Elisabetta Tondo, Alessandro Minguzzi, Alberto Vertova, Benedetto Bozzini
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
(2009)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
V. Romanello, M. Salvatores, A. Schwenk-Ferrero, F. Gabrielli, W. Maschek, B. Vezzoni
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2011)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Barbara Vezzoni, Nicola Cerullo, Giuseppe Forasassi, Emil Fridman, Guglielmo Lomonaco, Vincenzo Romanello, Eugene Shwageraus
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS
(2009)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Vincenzo Romanello, Massimo Salvatores, Aleksandra Schwenk-Ferrero, Fabrizio Gabrielli, Barbara Vezzoni, Andrei Rineiski, Concetta Fazio
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Vincenzo Romanello, Antonio Dambrosio, Jaroslav Ernest, Milos Kyncl, Miroslav Hrehor, Michaela Zabcikova, Francois Huet, Michel Boyard, Jeremy Koubbi, Romain Duperray, Bertrand Stepnik, Cyrille Rontard
Summary: Project LEU-FOREvER aims to secure the nuclear fuel supply for European research reactors. It has defined a core that can accommodate both the original Russian technology and new European designed fuel elements. The Czech reactor LVR-15 has been selected for irradiation testing, and a detailed safety analysis study has been submitted for approval. Currently, the fuel assembly is being irradiated in the reactor.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Bozzini, C. Mele, V. Romanello
MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION
(2007)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Benedetto Bozzini, Vincenzo Romanello, Claudio Mele
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2007)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Bozzini, V. Romanello, C. Mele, F. Bogani
MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION
(2007)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
B. Bozzini, L. D'Urzo, C. Mele, V. Romanello
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2006)
Article
Electrochemistry
B Bozzini, L D'Urzo, V Romanello, C Mele
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2006)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Priyanka J. Reddy, Rajesh Sankhla, Probal Chaudhury
Summary: This study is of great importance for conducting H-3 contamination screening. The calibration curves constructed based on optimized parameters can accurately determine H-3 concentration in various water samples.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rafael Campos de Oliveira, Carlos Alberto de Carvalho Filho, Rubens Martins Moreira, Eliana Nonato Knupp
Summary: This study quantitatively and spatially evaluated the leachate plume from the Belo Horizonte landfill and found that the leachate contained significantly higher levels of tritium compared to rainfall. The tritium was transported towards the Coqueiros stream, with higher concentration close to the landfill slope. The study also identified factors that contribute to higher tritium levels in certain areas, such as the denser character of the leachate and the presence of rock near the surface.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
T. E. Kozhakhanov, N. V. Larionova, S. N. Lukashenko, Zh. A. Baigazinov, A. M. Kabdyrakova, A. Ye. Kunduzbayeva
Summary: The paper presents the results of a long-term experiment on fruit and berry crops grown in conditions of radioactive contamination. The study aims to understand how different species of trees and shrubs accumulate artificial radionuclides, focusing on their absorption through roots from soil. The findings show that the radionuclides are not evenly distributed among the plant organs, with leaves having higher concentrations than branches and fruits. The study also provides quantitative parameters for the transfer and distribution of specific radionuclides in different parts of the crops.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yayra Afram, Godwin Amenorpe, Elvis Asare Bediako, Alfred A. Darkwa, Isaac Kodzo Amegbor
Summary: This study evaluated the response of maize genotypes to gamma radiation and determined an effective dosage for mutation breeding. The results showed a decrease in the growth and plant characteristics of maize with increasing gamma radiation doses.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Angelica Vergara Wasserman, Aline Gonzalez Viana, Michele Maria da Silva, Flavia Bartoly, Tatiane Rocha Pereira, Ronaldo Janvrot Vivone, Ana Cristina de Melo Ferreira, Daniel Vidal Perez
Summary: Public concerns about environmental protection have increased since the Fukushima accident. The soil-plant transfer factor (Fv) is an important parameter for environmental risk assessment. The study investigates the behavior of 90Sr in Brazilian soils and finds that a significant portion of 90Sr remains potentially mobile, mainly in the bioavailable phase. The behavior of 90Sr in these soils is influenced by ionic competition mechanisms and the presence of stable Sr and major nutrients. The mineralogy of the soils also plays a role in the transfer of 90Sr.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
P. Pavlenko, V. Yoschenko, M. Hrechaniuk, T. Wada, V. Kashparov
Summary: Activity concentrations of 90Sr in fish in lakes within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone exceed permissible levels, and transferring contaminated fish to clean water does not effectively reduce 90Sr content. Establishing permissible levels of 90Sr concentration only in fish fillet is appropriate for human radiation protection.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2024)