Journal
JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
Volume 31, Issue 1, Pages 49-59Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/07370652.2011.633963
Keywords
acid etching; HNIW; nanoexplosive; sol-gel; supercritical extraction
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A combinative method with three steps was developed to fabricate HNIW (2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtziane) nanoexplosives with the gas anti-solvent (GAS) method improved by introducing a gel frame to limit the overgrowth of recrystallized particles and an acid-assistant to remove the used frame. Forming the mixed gel, by locking the explosive solution into a wet gel whose volume was divided by the networks, was the key for the fabrication. As demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, a log-normal size distribution of nano-HNIW indicated that about 74.4% of the particles had sizes <120 nm and maximum particle size was similar to 300 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and infrared (IR) characterizations showed that the aerogel embedded with nanoexplosive particles was dissolved in hydrochloric acid solution, and the raw epsilon-HNIW was mostly transformed into the alpha phase (nano-HNIW) during recrystallization. Nano-HNIW exhibited impact and friction sensitivity almost equal to those of raw HNIW, within experimental error. Thermal analysis showed that the decomposition peak temperature decreased by more than 10 degrees C and that the heat release increased by 42.5% when the particle size of HNIW was at the nanometer scale.
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