Journal
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
Volume 36, Issue 2, Pages 127-131Publisher
EDITRICE KURTIS S R L
DOI: 10.1007/BF03346747
Keywords
Diabetes mellitus; pituitary antibodies
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Funding
- Ministero dell'Istruzione, Universita e Ricerca (MIUR, Rome)
- University of Pisa (Fondi d'Ateneo per la Ricerca)
- NIH [DK 080351]
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Objective: Pituitary autoimmunity is often found in association with other endocrine autoimmune or non-autoimmune diseases. Aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of serum pituitary antibodies (Pit Ab) in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Research design and methods: In this case-control study 111 patients with T1DM, 110 patients with T2DM, and 214 healthy controls were enrolled in a tertiary referral center. Pituitary, thyroperoxidase, thyroglobulin, 21-hydroxylase, and parietal cell antibodies were assessed in all cases. Endocrine function was further assessed by basal hormone measurement and by dynamic tests, as well as a pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in those patients found positive for PitAb. Results: PitAb prevalence was higher in T1DM (4 out of 111, 3.6%) than in T2DM (0 out of 110, p=0.045) and in healthy subjects (1 out of 214, 0.5% p=0.029). Prevalence of other autoimmune diseases was significantly higher in patients with T1DM (45 out of 111, 40.5%) when compared with patients with T2DM (18 out of 110 T2DM, 16.3%, p<0.001). Patients with T1DM and PitAb positivity were found with a pituitary lesion at MRI in 2 cases and pituitary dysfunction in one case. Conclusions: A significant association between pituitary autoimmunity and T1DM was found, in particular in subjects with one or more other endocrine autoimmune diseases.
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