Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huawei Zeng, Bryan D. Safratowich, Wen-Hsing Cheng, Michael R. Bukowski
Summary: Adoption of a high-fat diet leads to obesity, bacterial dysbiosis, chronic inflammation, and cancer. The mechanisms underlying these effects involve the modulation of interleukin-1 (IL-1R)/toll-like receptors (TLRs) pathways, gut microbiome, and disease-related miRNA in the colon. This study in mice demonstrated that a high-fat diet increases body weight, body fat composition, colonic inflammation markers, and alters the composition of gut microbiome and miRNA related to colon health. A specific fecal signature associated with colonic inflammation and cancer was identified.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Rinal Sahputra, Krittee Dejyong, Adrian S. Woolf, Matthias Mack, Judith E. Allen, Dominik Ruckerl, Sarah E. Herrick
Summary: Peritoneal adhesions commonly occur after abdominal or pelvic surgery and there are currently no effective treatments available. Peritoneal macrophages have complex and nuanced responses after surgery, and differences in response among specific macrophage subpopulations partially explain the risk of developing peritoneal scars. In a mouse experiment, it was found that monocyte-derived macrophages play an important protective role in reducing adhesion formation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Christopher P. P. Klimko, Jennifer L. L. Shoe, Nathaniel O. O. Rill, Melissa Hunter, Jennifer L. L. Dankmeyer, Yuli Talyansky, Lindsey K. K. Schmidt, Caitlyn E. E. Orne, David P. P. Fetterer, Sergei S. S. Biryukov, Mary N. N. Burtnick, Paul J. J. Brett, David DeShazer, Christopher K. K. Cote
Summary: Researchers have found that combining current vaccine strategies and co-trimoxazole regimens can provide near uniform protection against melioidosis. This combinatorial strategy shows significant improvement in several antibiotic regimens and works similarly with both protein subunit and live attenuated vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yu Wang, Xianghe Liu, Guanghui Hu, Chenfei Hu, Yang Gao, Miaomiao Huo, Hongxia Zhu, Mei Liu, Ningzhi Xu
Summary: The study revealed that MSA upregulated miR-146a to directly target EGFR, inhibiting its protein expression and pathway activity, subsequently reducing IL-6 secretion. The inhibitory effect of MSA on esophageal cancer was found to be IL-6 dependent, suggesting its potential as a drug for treating this type of cancer.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Babu Salma, Prakash Janhavi, Saravanan Muthaiah, Pattar Veeresh, Manjula Santhepete Nanjundaiah, Sheshadri Divyashree, Muthukumar Serva Peddha
Summary: The study identified and characterized phenolic compounds from Cassia auriculata root extract, showing that the methanolic extract had the highest polyphenol and flavonoid contents, leading to the strongest antioxidant and antidiabetic activities in vitro. The extract's antidiabetic properties were further confirmed in a diet-induced type-2 diabetes mellitus mouse model, suggesting its potential as a pharmaceutical agent for diabetes management.
Article
Immunology
Simin Lu, Kang Zheng, Jianye Wang, Man Xu, Yafeng Xie, Shuai Yuan, Chuan Wang, Yimou Wu
Summary: The study evaluated the response of mice to Treponema pallidum, showing that the pathogen could colonize multiple organs and potentially penetrate the blood-brain barrier in mice. Following infection, bacterial loads were higher in tissues than in blood, and a significant Th1 immune response was recorded.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Vijay Kumar, Vibhu Kumar, Neha Mahajan, Jasleen Kaur, Kirti Devi, Ravinder Naik Dharavath, Ravindra Pal Singh, Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi, Mahendra Bishnoi
Summary: The study found that taking capsaicin and mucin had similar anti-obesity effects, indicating that mucin modulation might play a crucial role in the anti-obesity effects of capsaicin. 16S rDNA sequencing and in vitro Ca2+ measurement experiments suggested that bacteria, in addition to capsaicin, are involved in TRPV1 modulation.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Peng Wang, Xiaoqi Zhang, Xian Zheng, Jingru Gao, Mengfei Shang, Jinghan Xu, Hui Liang
Summary: This study revealed that folic acid intervention improved hyperuricemia by ameliorating gut-kidney axis dysfunction, regulating immune balance, inhibiting inflammation, and restoring intestinal microbiota.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Miao Qi, Rong Liu, Bing Li, Shuai Wang, Runze Fan, Xinyi Zhao, Dehui Xu
Summary: This study investigated the behavioral effects of terahertz radiation on mice, and the results suggest that terahertz waves may enhance anti-anxiety, anti-depression, and social interaction in mice.
Article
Microbiology
Yiting Xie, Wei Guan, Yanqing Zhao, Siyi Yan, Kun Guo, Sirui Chen, Xinyi Hu, Haimei Shi, Jian Li
Summary: Cerebral malaria (CM) is a common complication in severe malaria, and this study found that the deletion of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is associated with CM. MIF may regulate CM by affecting the intestinal microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gabriela Yamazaki de Campos, Patricia Kellen Martins Oliveira-Brito, Julia Garcia Guimaraes, Leticia Serafim da Costa, Javier Emilio Lazo Chica, Thiago Aparecido da Silva
Summary: This study evaluated the immunomodulatory effect of the tripalmitoyl lipopeptide S-glycerol cysteine (Pam3CSK4 or P3C4), a TLR2 agonist, as an adjuvant in the vaccination against Cryptococcus gattii infection. The results showed that P3C4 induced an unbalanced immune response in the lungs that did not provide protection against C. gattii infection.
Article
Microbiology
Ji Yeon Lee, Chang-Ho Kang
Summary: This study evaluated the probiotic properties and antioxidant mechanism of probiotics in HepG2 cells and an animal model. The results showed that the probiotics used were safe and stable in the gastrointestinal tract and exhibited significant antioxidant activity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiangyu Zhang, Shilan Wang, Yujun Wu, Xiaoyi Liu, Junjun Wang, Dandan Han
Summary: Ellagic acid (EA) found in pomegranate rind has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of EA on jejunum oxidative stress induced by diquat. The results showed that EA treatment can alleviate diquat-induced weight loss and oxidative stress through the up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andres Rojas-Ruiz, Magali Boucher, Rebecka Gill, Louis Gelinas, Fun-Qun Tom, Liah Fereydoonzad, Percival Graham, Jorge Soliz, Ynuk Bosse
Summary: This study compared the lung mechanical properties and lung volumes between C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice and found that the greater lung elastance in C57BL/6 mice is not due to a smaller lung volume but rather a stiffer lung tissue with a higher content of collagen.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Binghan Xue, Xiangying Meng, Joseph P. Y. Kao, Patrick O. Kanold
Summary: Aging is often accompanied by age-related hearing loss, which is characterized by impaired spectrotemporal processing. The neurotransmission and synapses in the auditory cortex are altered with age, but the specific circuits affected by these changes remain unclear.