Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xiaomo Wang, Yu Chen, Manman Xu, Kailiang Cheng, Xiaoman Duan, Wei Liao, Yanhong Wang, Ying Lu, Zhongping Duan, Li Wang
Summary: Among entecavir-treated chronic hepatitis B patients, those without maintaining virologic response are at higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, especially those with cirrhosis or a high predicted HCC score. For patients maintaining virologic response, the trajectories of ALT after response can indicate different risks of HCC.
EXPERT REVIEW OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Won-Mook Choi, Gi-Ae Kim, Jonggi Choi, Seungbong Han, Young-Suk Lim
Summary: The association between baseline HBV DNA levels and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This multicenter cohort study showed that in HBeAg-positive, noncirrhotic adult patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), decreasing baseline HBV DNA levels were associated with an incremental increase in on-treatment HCC risk.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Shuyun Li, Dingbin Liu, Qiang Wang
Summary: This study established a novel diagnostic model combining PIVKA-II, AFP, AST, ALT, and T-Bil for early-stage HBV-related HCC. The results showed that the diagnostic efficacy of the novel model was superior to PIVKA-II and AFP alone, especially for patients with abnormal AFP levels.
CLINICAL LABORATORY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joo Hyun Oh, Yewan Park, Myung Ji Goh, Dong Hyun Sinn, Sang Bong Ahn, Wonseok Kang, Geum-Youn Gwak, Yong-Han Paik, Moon Seok Choi, Joon Hyeok Lee, Seung Woon Paik
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether the normalization of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and other potential indicators can serve as clinical surrogates of antiviral therapy in cirrhosis patients with hepatitis B. The study analyzed 911 patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis who were treated with entecavir or tenofovir. The results showed that achieving undetectable HBV DNA levels at 1 year of antiviral therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, ALT normalization and HBeAg seroconversion were not significantly associated with HCC risk.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sakura Kirino, Nobuharu Tamaki, Masayuki Kurosaki, Shun Kaneko, Kento Inada, Yuki Tanaka, Shun Ishido, Koji Yamashita, Tsubasa Nobusawa, Hiroaki Matsumoto, Yuka Hayakawa, Tatsuya Kakegawa, Mayu Higuchi, Kenta Takaura, Shohei Tanaka, Chiaki Maeyashiki, Yutaka Yasui, Yuka Takahashi, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Ryuichi Okamoto, Namiki Izumi
Summary: The aim of this study was to establish a target value of ALT level during NA treatment as a risk marker for HCC. The results showed that patients with ALT <21 IU/L at 1 year after NA initiation had a lower risk of HCC.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yanan Du, Bingying Du, Xiaoyan Fang, Meng Shu, Yongjing Zhang, Hsingwen Chung, Ye Sun, Jiaming Teng, Phimphone Visalath, Hong Qiu, Wei Cai
Summary: This study investigated the association between ALT level and HCC occurrence in NA-treated CHB patients. The results showed a positive correlation between ALT level and HCC, with higher risks observed in patients with ALT flare. Elevation of ALT, especially ALT flare, is a strong predictor for HCC occurrence and requires close monitoring for early detection.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Chun-Jen Liu, I-Shyan Sheen, Chi-Yi Chen, Wan-Long Chuang, Horng-Yuan Wang, Kuo-Chih Tseng, Ting-Tsung Chang, Jenny Yang, Benedetta Massetto, Vithika Suri, Gregory Camus, Deyuan Jiang, Fangqiu Zhang, Anuj Gaggar, Tsung-Hui Hu, Yu-Chun Hsu, Gin-Ho Lo, Chi-Jen Chu, Jyh-Jou Chen, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Rong-Nan Chien, Pei-Jer Chen
Summary: This study analyzed the reactivation of hepatitis B in 111 Taiwanese patients coinfected with hepatitis C during hepatitis C treatment. In most patients, hepatitis B virologic reactivation was asymptomatic; only a small proportion initiated hepatitis B treatment.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lorin Begre, Charles Beguelin, Anders Boyd, Lars Peters, Juergen Rockstroh, Huldrych F. Guenthard, Enos Bernasconi, Matthias Cavassini, Karine Lacombe, Amanda Mocroft, Gilles Wandeler, Andri Rauch
Summary: This study investigated the association between HDV infection and ALT elevation during tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy in persons living with HIV/HBV. The results showed that HDV coinfection and obesity are independent risk factors for persistent ALT elevation during long-term tenofovir treatment.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Magdalena Rutkowska, Maria Pokorska-Spiewak
Summary: The study characterized pediatric patients with hepatitis associated with primary Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. Liver aminotransferases activity and abdominal ultrasonography results were analyzed. Medical records of 166 immunocompetent children diagnosed with primary EBV hepatitis were retrospectively studied. Elevated ALT activity was noted in the first three weeks of the disease, and AST activity showed two peaks in the first and third weeks. Transient cholestatic liver disease was found in 10.8% of children, with older patients being more affected. Hepatitis associated with primary EBV infection is usually mild, but severe cases can show significantly elevated liver enzymes and features of cholestatic liver disease.
Review
Virology
Giacomo Emanuele Maria Rizzo, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Antonio Craxi
Summary: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with or without liver cirrhosis, through various mechanisms. The molecular profile of HBV-HCC is constantly being studied, and it is the result of altered molecular pathways, changes in the microenvironment, and DNA damage. Proper management of HBV-related liver disease is crucial for prevention and treatment of HCC.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jun Inoue, Takehiro Akahane, Tomoo Kobayashi, Osamu Kimura, Kosuke Sato, Masashi Ninomiya, Tomoaki Iwata, Satoshi Takai, Norihiro Kisara, Toshihiro Sato, Futoshi Nagasaki, Masahito Miura, Takuya Nakamura, Teruyuki Umetsu, Akitoshi Sano, Mio Tsuruoka, Masazumi Onuki, Satoko Sawahashi, Hirofumi Niitsuma, Atsushi Masamune
Summary: This study evaluated the dynamics of the non-invasive liver fibrosis marker, the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The results showed that a reduction in FIB-4 index and an abnormal alanine aminotransferase level at one year of nucleos(t)ide analog treatment were independent risk factors for HCC development. A score combining these factors stratified the risk of HCC.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gyeol Seong, Dong Hyun Sinn, Wonseok Kang, Geum-Youn Gwak, Moon Seok Choi, Joon Hyeok Lee, Kwang Cheol Koh, Seung Woon Paik, Yong-Han Paik
Summary: In chronic hepatitis B patients with high HBV DNA but normal ALT levels, age and FIB-4 index were identified as independent factors for stratifying the risk of developing HCC. The cumulative rates of HCC incidence were significantly higher in patients aged ≥40 years with FIB-4 index ≥1.45 compared to those aged <40 years with FIB-4 index <1.45. For patients with normal ALT levels, HCC incidence was also significantly higher in patients aged ≥40 years with FIB-4 index ≥1.45.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jiaming Teng, Yanan Du, Phimphone Visalath, Tianhui Zhou, Bingying Du, Qin Zhang, Wei Cai
Summary: A noninvasive model was established to evaluate liver histology and determine the need for antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients with normal ALT levels. The model, based on ALT, age, PLT, and LS, accurately assessed liver histological changes and avoided the need for liver biopsy.
Article
Oncology
Meng Xue, Xiaona Lin, Qiu-Xiong Lin, Xiaoyong Pu, Jiumin Liu, Xing-Fang Li, Jun Hou, Xudong Liu, Ren Chen
Summary: This study found that HBV infection was associated with an increased risk of HCC compared to HEV infection, and that HEV infection may mitigate the promoting impact of HBV on HCC development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicholas Noverati, Rukaiya Bashir-Hamidu, Dina Halegoua-DeMarzio, Hie-Won Hann
Summary: Hepatitis B virus is a significant cause of hepatocellular carcinoma globally. The complex mechanisms of this virus include interactions with the host's immune system. Factors such as stress can amplify these mechanisms. Chronic stress, harmful to health, can suppress or activate the host's defense system, leading to tumor initiation and progression in liver cancer. Chronic stress, often overlooked, should be recognized as a potential risk factor.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)