Article
Plant Sciences
Jehan Salem, Ahmed Hassanein, Deiaa A. El-Wakil, Naglaa Loutfy
Summary: The study found that the water potential level and medium type have significant effects on the shoot number and growth morphology of paulownia plantlets, with long-term culture leading to high genetic variation. ISSR technique showed higher polymorphism than RAPD, and NaCl application further increased polymorphism.
Article
Agronomy
Danuta Wojcik, Aleksandra Trzewik, Danuta Kucharska
Summary: This study evaluated field performance and genetic stability of micropropagated plants of four gooseberry cultivars, finding that the growth vigor and fruit yield of most MP plants were greater than those of ST plants. Microscopic observations showed higher stomata frequency on MP plants compared to ST plants. Genetic variability assessments using AFLP and ISSR techniques revealed differences among the cultivars, with no polymorphism detected in ST plants.
Article
Horticulture
Maria Ines de Souza Mendes, Denise dos Santos Vila Verde, Andresa Priscila de Souza Ramos, Abelmon da Silva Gesteira, Walter dos Santos Soares Filho, Antonio da Silva Souza
Summary: The study aimed to establish a protocol for in vitro conservation of citrus rootstocks using paclobutrazol to ensure plant viability and genetic stability. Results showed that in vitro conservation did not affect plant viability, and molecular markers were efficient in characterizing the rootstocks. The protocol described in the study can be used for in vitro maintenance of the analyzed rootstocks and potentially other citrus genotypes.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zhaopeng Geng, Na Hao, Jialin Du, Xu Lu, Yuanyuan Yuan, Yue Liu, Juanling Li, Minjuan Wang, Xiaodong Wang, Junli Wang
Summary: This study investigates the regulatory influences of 6-BA and KT in the rapid micropropagation system of A. hancockii. It is found that both 6-BA and KT can up-regulate the endogenous metabolite content and have different effects on aromatic components. Cytokinins significantly affect the aromatic components of A. hancockii, and plant tissue culture is an important means to alter the pattern of aromatic components in aromatic plants.
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Dariusz Kulus, Jean de Dieu Muhire, Barkin Aksoy
Summary: This study analyzed the morphogenetic events in Lamprocapnos spectabilis 'Gold Heart' and 'White Gold' micropropagated in various culture media, evaluating their biochemical and genetic stability. Different plant growth regulator combinations had varying effects on multiplication, rooting, chlorophyll concentration, carotenoid levels, and phenol secretion. The survival rate during acclimatization was influenced by leaf number, and somaclonal variation was detected in a significant percentage of in vitro-derived plants.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Georgiana Duta-Cornescu, Nicoleta Constantin, Daniela-Maria Pojoga, Daniela Nicuta, Alexandra Simon-Gruita
Summary: Cell and tissue plant cultures are widely used in conservation and multiplication of species, especially for economically important plants. In vitro technologies have been developed for medicinal plants to produce secondary metabolites and pathogen-free plants. However, caution must be taken to balance maintaining genetic fidelity while exploring somaclonal variations for useful traits. This review focuses on somaclonal variations in medicinal plants from the perspectives of cytogenetics, genetics, and epigenetics, with emphasis on the subtle changes at the genetic and epigenetic level using DNA markers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Umer Karamat, Xiaoxue Sun, Na Li, Jianjun Zhao
Summary: Leaf size in Brassica crops is determined by the coordinated regulation of cell proliferation and cell expansion during leaf development, controlled by various integrated signals from the intrinsic regulatory network and the growth environment. Important genetic regulators influencing leaf size in Brassica have been identified, with their mechanisms involving phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling, transcription regulation, small RNAs, and others. These findings provide insights for future molecular breeding and crop improvement research.
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Agronomy
Mileide dos Santos Ferreira, Anelita de Jesus Rocha, Fernanda dos Santos Nascimento, Wanderley Diaciso dos Santos Oliveira, Julianna Matos da Silva Soares, Tamyres Amorim Reboucas, Lucymeire Souza Morais Lino, Fernando Haddad, Claudia Fortes Ferreira, Janay Almeida dos Santos-Serejo, Jorge Sandoval Fernandez, Edson Perito Amorim
Summary: The instability of in vitro cultures may lead to somaclonal variations in crops, which can produce beneficial effects for breeding programs. In this systematic review, the authors found that the technique of somaclonal variation has been most commonly applied to ornamental plants and major agricultural crops worldwide. Various studies have evaluated the genetic diversity and agronomic performance characteristics of somaclones, as well as their resistance to pathogens and abiotic stresses. The application of plant growth regulators and molecular markers has been commonly used in generating and identifying somaclonal variants.
Article
Agronomy
Duong Van Yen, Jing Li
Summary: This research article presents the results of in vitro growth experiments on Stahlianthus thorelii Gagnep, a plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, using tubers as explants and specific growth stimulant concentrations in MS media. The study successfully increased the number of shoots and the root/shoot ratio through a series of cultivation techniques, achieving 100% survival rate when acclimatized in soil conditions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Siyuan Ma, Anis Norsyahira Mohd Raffi, Muhamad Afiq Rosli, Nurul Amalina Mohd Zain, Mohd Hafiz Ibrahim, Saiful Anuar Karsani, Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob
Summary: Due to their sessile nature, plants are exposed to various environmental stressors such as high levels of harmful radiations. In this study, the effects of gamma radiation on clonal Ananas comosus var. MD2 were evaluated. The results showed that the irradiated plantlets had reduced height but improved photosynthetic efficiency with the recovery period. Genetic analysis also revealed reduced genetic dissimilarities between the irradiated samples and control after 4 weeks of recovery. Overall, our findings suggested that the phenotype recovery of the clonal A. comosus var. MD2 plantlets was contributed by their ability to detect and repair DNA lesions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Karolina Nowakowska, Anna Pinkowska, Ewa Siedlecka, Andrzej Pacholczak
Summary: The study found that different cytokinins treatments had significant effects on shoot proliferation in 'Kazimierz Odnowiciel', with the ZEA+2iP combination showing the best growth performance. The addition of cytokinins not only increased chlorophyll, carotenoids, and total soluble sugar contents, but also enhanced plant defense against oxidative stress in tissue culture.
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Maurizio Capuana, Werther Guidi Nissim, Joshua D. Klein
Summary: We describe a micropropagation protocol for three ecotypes of S. acmophylla, which showed that the best results for shoot proliferation were obtained by culturing the shoot explants on Woody Plant Medium containing benzyladenine. Separating the shoot tip from the underlying internodes further enhanced proliferation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maqsood Ahmed Lakho, Mushtaque Ahmed Jatoi, Najamuddin Solangi, Adel Ahmed Abul-Soad, Muneer Ahmed Qazi, Gholamreza Abdi
Summary: A comprehensive study was conducted on in vitro multiplication and rooting of pineapple cv. 'Smooth Cayenne' by using different plant growth regulators. The highest shoot buds were obtained on the medium with 2.0 mg L-1 BA, while 1.0 mg L-1 IBA significantly increased the thickness, length, and number of white adventitious roots. When transplanted, plantlets showed highest survival rates in the medium containing only peat moss, followed by soil mixtures of bolhari and peat moss (1:1) and river silt alone. The optimized protocols in this study can be commercially applied for pineapple cultivation worldwide.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Yeganeh Basiri, Nematollah Etemadi, Mahdi Alizadeh, Javad Alizargar
Summary: In this study, an in vitro propagation technique for Eremurus spectabilis M. Bieb using tuberous root explants was established. The highest callus induction and shoot proliferation rates were observed on specific media compositions. The protocol can have commercial applications and be useful in the production of secondary metabolites.
Article
Forestry
Gessica Ferreira da Costa, Pablo Diego Silva Cabral, Fabiano Guimaraes Silva, Aurelio Rubio Neto, Maria Andreia Correa Mendonca
Summary: This study evaluated the genetic stability of H. speciosa plantlets and calluses using molecular markers, and found that the tissue culture techniques for H. speciosa micropropagation did not influence somaclonal variation, and the donor plants showed relatively low genetic variability.
Article
Environmental Sciences
F. A. Ansari, M. Jabeen, I. Ahmad
Summary: This study identified a novel strain, FAP5, with multifunctional traits that effectively alleviated drought stress in wheat plants through various biochemical mechanisms. The strain demonstrated tolerance to water stress, production of plant growth-promoting traits, and biofilm formation. Inoculation with FAP5 significantly improved growth attributes, photosynthetic pigment efficiency, and antioxidative enzymatic activities in wheat plants under drought conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wafa A. Alshehri, Ashjan Khalel, Khaled Elbanna, Iqbal Ahmad, Hussein H. Abulreesh
Summary: The study isolated keratin-degrading bacteria from chicken feathers, with Bacillus sp BAM3 identified as the most promising strain. Molecular characterization revealed that BAM3 is a strain of Bacillus cereus. Bioplastic synthesized from keratin and glycerol exhibited good mechanical properties, suggesting potential biotechnological applications in keratin hydrolysis processes.
JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Maryam Zahin, Najat A. Bokhari, Iqbal Ahmad, Fohad Mabood Husain, Abdullah Safar Althubiani, Mashael W. Alruways, Kahkashan Perveen, Misfera Shalawi
Summary: Piper nigrum exhibits potential antioxidant and antimutagenic properties, with methanol extract showing high activity and significant antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The study also found that plant compounds can interact with DNA, reducing the interaction of mutagens with DNA.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Faizan Abul Qais, Mohammad Shavez Khan, Iqbal Ahmad, Fohad Mabood Husain, Abdulaziz Abdullah Al-kheraif, Mohammed Arshad, Pravej Alam
Summary: The study found that plumbagin has inhibitory effects on the biofilms and quorum sensing of certain pathogenic bacteria, reducing their virulence traits. Specifically, it decreased violacein production in Chromobacterium violaceum, inhibited the virulent traits of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and reduced bacterial adherence and colonization on solid surfaces. Computational studies provided insights into the possible modes of action, showing that the protein complexes remained stable under physiological conditions. This research offers both experimental and computational evidence of the efficacy of plumbagin against biofilms and QS-controlled virulence factors of Gram-negative bacteria.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Faizan Abul Qais, Iqbal Ahmad, Fohad Mabood Husain, Suliman Y. Alomar, Naushad Ahmad, Fadwa Albalawi, Pravej Alam, Thamer Albalawi
Summary: The study demonstrated that the active fraction of Plumbago zeylanica was effective in inhibiting quorum sensing-regulated functions and biofilm formation in Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tahani F. H. Alahmadi, Ziab Z. Alahmadey, Sameer R. Organji, Khaled Elbanna, Iqbal Ahmad, Hussein H. Abulreesh
Summary: This study revealed the prevalence of multiple resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus in clinical settings in Saudi Arabia, with most isolates showing resistance to three or more antimicrobial agents. The findings emphasize the emerging trend of this bacteria as a potential drug resistant pathogen, warranting further investigation into the molecular understanding of antimicrobial resistance and virulence traits of the strains.
JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Faizan Abul Qais, Iqbal Ahmad, Mohammad Altaf, Saad H. Alotaibi
Summary: The intensive use of antimicrobial agents has led to the emergence of multidrug resistance among microbial pathogens. Green synthesized gold nanoparticles can effectively inhibit virulence factors and biofilm development in bacteria, showing promise in the development of anti-infective agents.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Faizan Abul Qais, Mohammad Shavez Khan, Iqbal Ahmad, Fohad Mabood Husain, Rais Ahmad Khan, Iftekhar Hassan, Syed Ali Shahzad, Walaa AlHarbi
Summary: This study demonstrated the significant inhibitory effect of coumarin on QS-regulated virulent traits of Gram-negative bacteria, including the suppression of various virulence factors and biofilm formation. Computational studies revealed that coumarin may inhibit quorum sensing activity through multiple mechanisms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samreen, Faizan Abul Qais, Iqbal Ahmad
Summary: Multiple drug resistance (MDR) in bacteria has become a global issue, leading to reduced efficacy of antibiotics and increased therapeutic failure. This study aimed to identify potential inhibitors for the efflux pump of AcrB protein in E. coli using molecular docking. Among the 19 screened phytocompounds, chlorogenic acid showed the highest binding affinity and may serve as a promising efflux pump inhibitor in combination therapy against E. coli.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rabaa Algotiml, Ali Gab-alla, Roshdi Seoudi, Hussein H. Abulreesh, Iqbal Ahmad, Khaled Elbanna
Summary: Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using marine algal extracts as reducing and capping agents has been studied. The different algal extracts were found to influence the shape, size, and biological activity of the synthesized nanoparticles. Ulva rigida extracts showed the lowest cytotoxicity and highest antibacterial activity.
JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Manal Khider, Mahmoud Zaki El-Readi, Salah Abdalrahim, Abdel Naser Zohri, Ibrahim M. Ibrahim, Hussein H. Abulreesh, Iqbal Ahmad, Khaled Elbanna
Summary: This study found that Leuconostoc EPSs, especially EPS8, have anti-cancer effects on Caco-2 colorectal cancer cells, and can improve the rheological and organoleptic properties of low-fat set yogurt.
JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Uzma Tayyaba, Asfia Sultan, Fatima Khan, Shariq Ahmed, Iqbal Ahmad
Summary: Emerging and re-emerging zoonoses, including the recent outbreak of monkeypox, have caused significant morbidity and mortality. It is crucial for healthcare staff to update their knowledge about this zoonotic infection and understand its broader implications.
JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tahani F. H. Alahmadi, Ziab Z. Alahmadey, Khaled Elbanna, Leena A. Neyaz, Iqbal Ahmad, Hussein H. Abulreesh
Summary: This study aimed to explore the prevalence and clinical characteristics of hospital acquired-Staphylococcus aureus (HA-Staphylococcus aureus) in Medina, Saudi Arabia. The findings revealed a low prevalence of HA-Staphylococcus aureus, but a high prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) HA-MRSA is a cause for concern.
JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Faizan Abul Qais, Mohammad Shavez Khan, Iqbal Ahmad, Fohad Mabood Husain, Mohammed Arshad, Altaf Khan, Mohd Adil
Summary: The development of antibiotic resistant microbial pathogens has become a global health threat and a major concern in modern medicine. Plants are considered as promising source for new drugs against antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pathogens. In this study, the potential of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract in targeting the virulence of Gram -ve pathogenic bacteria was demonstrated.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Faizan Abul Qais, Iqbal Ahmad, Mohammad Altaf, Salim Manoharadas, Basel F. Al-Rayes, Mohammed Saeed Ali Abuhasil, Yaser Ayesh Almaroai
Summary: The study showed that green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-MK) demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on biofilm development and quorum sensing controlled virulence factors of Gram negative bacteria, indicating their potential in addressing the issue of antimicrobial resistance.