Journal
JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS
Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages 62-75Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2006.10.009
Keywords
endothelial dysfunction; atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease; type 2 diabetes; thiazolidinedione
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Funding
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK069805-02] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R01DK069805] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Endothelial dysfunction, which leads to impaired vasodilation, is an early event in the development of atherosclerosis. A number of mechanisms involving, for example, cell adhesion molecules, chemokines, and cytokines, contribute to this inflammatory disease, and insulin resistance plays a cardinal role in accelerating these processes. Hyperglycemia and other metabolic abnormalities that are commonly associated with insulin resistance also contribute to impaired endothelial function. In addition, the important role of the endothelium in damage repair following a cardiovascular event is emerging. The combination of proatherogenic factors in patients with type 2 diabetes results in blunted endothelial function and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Insulin-sensitizing agents such as thiazolidinediones have demonstrated a number of clinical benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties, which may impact on the course of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that thiazolidinediones improve endothelial function in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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