A randomised trial on simplified and conventional methods for complete denture fabrication: Masticatory performance and ability

Objectives: To compare a simplified method to a conventional protocol for complete denture fabrication regarding masticatory performance and ability. Methods: A sample was formed by edentulous patients requesting treatment with maxillary and mandibular complete dentures. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: Group S, which received dentures fabricated by a simplified method, and Group C (n = 21 each), which received conventionally fabricated dentures. After three months following insertion, masticatory performance was evaluated by a colorimetric assay based on chewing two capsules as test food during twenty and forty cycles. Masticatory ability was assessed by a questionnaire with binary answers and a single question answered by means of a 0-10 scale. A third group (DN) formed by seventeen dentate volunteers served as an external comparator. Groups were compared by statistical tests suitable for data distribution (alpha = 0.05). Results: Thirty-nine participants were assessed for three months (twenty from Group C and nineteen from Group S). Groups C and S presented similar masticatory performance which corresponded to approximately 30% of Group DN. Results for masticatory ability showed similarity between S and C, regardless of the assessment method, although an isolate questionnaire item showed more favourable results for the first group. Conclusions: The simplified method for complete denture fabrication is able to restore masticatory function to a level comparable to a conventional protocol, both physiologically and according to patient's perceptions. Clinical significance: Although masticatory function is impaired by the loss of natural teeth and dentures can restore only a fraction of such function, patients can benefit from a simplified protocol for complete denture fabrication to the same extent they would by conventional techniques. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.