Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Chiara Tommasoni, Enrico Fiore, Anastasia Lisuzzo, Matteo Gianesella
Summary: Mastitis is a common and economically significant disease in the dairy industry. The most common form is subclinical mastitis, which can lead to decreased milk production and increased risk of clinical mastitis. Due to concerns about antimicrobial resistance, there have been regulations and pressure to reduce prophylactic antimicrobial use. Selective dry therapy is recommended, where only cows or quarters suspected of infection are treated. Various methods have been reported for selecting infected cows or quarters. This article focuses on the management and diagnosis of mastitis in dairy cows, with a specific focus on on-farm diagnostic tools.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Carsten Kirkeby, Tariq Halasa, Michael Farre, Galal Nazih Chehabi, Kaare Graesboll
Summary: This study investigated the transmission dynamics of Corynebacterium spp. in two Danish dairy cattle herds. It was found that these bacteria can be prevalent within the herd and transmit directly between cows. The study highlighted the importance of researching cost-effective control measures against Corynebacterium spp.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carsten C. F. Walker, Jill L. Brester, Lorraine M. Sordillo
Summary: FM treatment improves both systemic and local oxidant status, reducing local markers of oxidative stress. It has differential effects on animals that survived the infection compared to those that died. Pre-existing inflammation and oxidant status greatly affect the efficacy of FM treatment.
Article
Agronomy
Ramunas Antanaitis, Lina Anskiene, Karina Dzermeikaite, Dovile Baceninaite, Aloyzas Januskauskas, Kestutis Sincevicius, Walter Baumgartner, Anton Klein
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of subclinical mastitis treatment in dairy cattle on biomarkers registered with in-line sensors such as milk yield (MY), electric milk conductivity (EC), rumination time (RT), and somatic cell count (SCC). According to the results, treating cows with subclinical mastitis using SCC boluses and NSAIDs is effective.
Article
Immunology
Turner H. Swartz, Barry J. Bradford, Laman K. Mamedova
Summary: The study showed that BHB altered the immune response in dairy cows during an intramammary Streptococcus uberis challenge, leading to tolerance towards S. uberis rather than resistance. This suggests that macrophage immune responses to S. uberis can be altered via a GPR109A-dependent mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. H. Swartz, B. J. Bradford, J. S. Clay
Summary: Adverse prenatal environments can impact offspring health and performance. In dairy cattle, dam's mammary gland health, measured by somatic cell score (SCS), is associated with daughter's age at first calving (AFC), lactation SCS, and milk fat yield. These intergenerational effects may be linked to prenatal inflammation and epigenetic mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ellen de Jong, Kayley D. McCubbin, David Speksnijder, Simon Dufour, John R. Middleton, Pamela L. Ruegg, Theo J. G. M. Lam, David F. Kelton, Scott McDougall, Sandra M. Godden, Alfonso Lago, Paeivi J. Rajala-Schultz, Karin Orsel, Sarne De Vliegher, Volker Kromker, Diego B. Nobrega, John P. Kastelic, Herman W. Barkema
Summary: The treatment of clinical mastitis (CM) and the use of antimicrobials for dry cow therapy account for a large amount of antimicrobial use (AMU) on dairy farms. However, recent advancements have allowed for the exclusion of nonsevere CM cases that are likely to be cured without antimicrobials, as well as cases with a low bacteriological cure rate. These advancements include the availability of rapid diagnostic tests and improved udder health management practices. This review provides an evidence-based protocol for selective CM treatment decisions, which can aid in reducing AMU, improving udder health, and benefiting farm economics.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Bart H. P. van den Borne, Niek J. M. van Grinsven, Henk Hogeveen
Summary: Studies have shown that transitioning from a conventional milking system to an automatic milking system may lead to udder health deteriorations, but these deteriorations have decreased in magnitude in recent years.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. M. Maisano, M. Luini, A. Gazzola, L. Sala, F. Vezzoli, L. Bertocchi, V. Lorenzi, P. Cremonesi, B. Castiglioni, S. Bergagna, A. Romano, E. Scaltriti, L. Bolzoni, I. Ivanovic, H. U. Graber
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen causing mastitis in dairy cattle worldwide. The gene adlb is associated with the contagiousness of Staph. aureus CC8 strains, which have a high prevalence of intramammary infections (IMI). Environmental and milking management factors have minimal impact on the prevalence of Staph. aureus IMI.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Luciana Hernandez, Enriqueta Bottini, Jimena Cadona, Claudio Cacciato, Cristina Monteavaro, Ana Bustamante, Andrea Mariel Sanso
Summary: This study characterized molecular features of S. agalactiae strains causing bovine mastitis in Argentina, revealing serotypes III and II as the most prevalent, virulence genes spb1, hylB, cylE, and PI-2b present in all isolates, and varied frequencies of antibiotic resistance genes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maria P. Huilca-Ibarra, David Vasco-Julio, Yanua Ledesma, Salome Guerrero-Freire, Jeannete Zurita, Pablo Castillejo, Francisco Barcelo Blasco, Lisseth Yanez, Darwin Changoluisa, Gustavo Echeverria, Carlos Bastidas-Caldes, Jacobus H. de Waard
Summary: This study confirms the presence of Prototheca bovis in cows with mastitis in Ecuador and evaluates its infection rate. The detection and disinfection methods for P.bovis are discussed, and recommendations to increase diagnostic yield are proposed.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zala Brajnik, Jernej Ogorevc
Summary: Inflammation of mammary tissue (mastitis) is a major health issue in dairy ruminants and the most economically important infectious disease in the dairy sector. Improving mastitis resistance is a key goal in breeding programs, but identifying associated alleles is challenging. This study integrated heterogeneous data to create a comprehensive database of mastitis-associated candidate loci and identified the most promising candidate genes.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Di Wang, Daqing Jia, Ronghe He, Shuai Lian, Jianfa Wang, Rui Wu
Summary: The study found a correlation between serum selenium levels and somatic cell count, immune indexes in dairy cattle, indicating that the risk of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle increases with lower serum selenium levels.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maj Beldring Henningsen, Matt Denwood, Carsten Thure Kirkeby, Soren Saxmose Nielsen
Summary: This scientific study aimed to compare somatic cell count (SCC) curves throughout lactation in dairy cows according to PCR test results for four major intramammary infection (IMI) pathogens. The findings revealed that cows testing positive for IMI pathogens had higher mean SCC across all parity groups and lactations. This study is important for the selective dry cow therapy treatment of intramammary infection.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nooshin Ghahramani, Jalil Shodja, Seyed Abbas Rafat, Bahman Panahi, Karim Hasanpur
Summary: This study identified candidate genes and functional modules associated with mastitis through meta-analysis of microarray and RNA-seq data, shedding new light on diagnosing and treating mastitis.Hub genes were detected as potentially informative biomarkers for E. coli mastitis and used to construct predictive models.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
D. Destoumieux-Garzon, P. Bonnet, C. Teplitsky, F. Criscuolo, P-Y Henry, D. Mazurais, P. Prunet, G. Salvat, P. Usseglio-Polatera, E. Verrier, N. C. Friggens
Summary: The article explores the commonalities between animal production science and animal ecology in order to identify promising avenues of synergy through the transfer of concepts and methodologies. Key concepts such as animal adaptability, diversity, selection, management, monitoring, agroecology, and viability risks were identified as crucial for cross-fertilization to improve ecosystem resilience and farming sustainability. The need to break down interdisciplinary barriers was highlighted with examples such as pathogen circulation between wild and domestic animals and the role of animals in nutrient cycles.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Ben Abdelkrim, T. Tribout, O. Martin, D. Boichard, V Ducrocq, N. C. Friggens
Summary: Livestock husbandry aims to manage the environment in which animals are reared in order to help them achieve their production potential. This study used body weight and milk yield dynamics over time to estimate unperturbed performance trajectories and identify perturbations affecting animal performance. Results suggest that combining individual dynamic measures and understanding the relationship between them can provide valuable insights for obtaining reliable estimates of resilience components in large populations.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. Puillet, V Ducrocq, N. C. Friggens, P. R. Amer
Summary: This study evaluated the genotype by environment interaction for feed efficiency traits using simulation, revealing significant differences in these traits under different nutritional environments. Genetic correlations between feed efficiency and production were found to vary with environmental constraints, with higher correlations observed in more constrained environments.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Pauline Martin, Vincent Ducrocq, Philippe Faverdin, Nicolas C. Friggens
Summary: RFI is a widely used trait for analyzing feed efficiency in livestock, with different models and predictors leading to difficulty in comparing results. By dissecting the components of the RFI equation, a better understanding of the biological processes influencing efficiency variation can be gained. Therefore, breaking down the residual term, energy sinks, and intake term in RFI estimation is crucial for livestock production moving towards sustainable efficiency.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
P. Martin, V Ducrocq, A. Fischer, N. C. Friggens
Summary: The study demonstrates that utilizing a dynamic model can accurately estimate residual feed intake, even when analyzing merged datasets, yielding reliable results. High correlations were observed between different datasets. Compared to linear methods, the dynamic model allows regression coefficients to evolve in line with physiological changes throughout lactation.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
R. Rostellato, J. Promp, H. Leclerc, S. Mattalia, N. C. Friggens, D. Boichard, V Ducrocq
Summary: Longevity can serve as an indicator of long-term resilience in animals, with factors such as milk production, reproduction, and health traits influencing their risk of culling. The study revealed that milk production often plays a significant role in farmers' decisions to cull animals, even if they possess other favorable characteristics.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. A. A. Pires, T. Larsen, C. Leroux
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of week of lactation and experimental nutrient restriction on milk metabolites and fatty acids in early-lactation cows. The results showed that certain milk metabolites can serve as potential biomarkers for energy status in early-lactation cows, with changes observed in response to both week of lactation and nutrient restriction. Additionally, different milk components exhibited varied responses to these factors, suggesting the complexity of metabolic regulation during early lactation in dairy cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Guillaume Lenoir, Loic Flatres-Grall, Nicolas C. Friggens, Ingrid David
Summary: The objective of this study was to determine operational proxies for robustness in fattening pigs based on routinely collected farm data and estimate their genetic parameters. The results showed that routine phenotypes collected on farm could be used to build simple robustness indicators that are applicable in breeding.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. Ithurbide, C. Huau, I Palhiere, T. Fassier, N. C. Friggens, R. Rupp
Summary: This study validated the use of functional longevity as an indicator of resilience for selection in dairy goats. The findings suggest that selecting for functional longevity can improve survival and mitigate indicators of fat mobilization during early lactation, thus enhancing resilience.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. Larsen, R. Rupp, N. C. Friggens, J. A. A. Pires
Summary: This study presents a novel method for quantifying the activity of the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) in ruminant milk without pretreatment of the sample. The results show that IDH activity significantly increases during a period of nutritional restriction, accompanied by an increase in the metabolite isocitrate concentration and somatic cell count, and returns to the initial level shortly after the restriction period.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Ben Abdelkrim, M. Ithurbide, T. Larsen, P. Schmidely, N. C. Friggens
Summary: The aim of this study is to quantify the ability of novel milk metabolites to measure variability in response to a short-term nutritional challenge and derive a resilience index from these variations. Lactating dairy goats were exposed to a 2-day underfeeding challenge at different stages of lactation. Milk metabolite measures were taken at each milking, and response profiles were characterized using a piecewise model. Multivariate analyses identified different types of performance response to the challenge. Discriminant path analysis separated these response types based on threshold levels of three milk metabolites.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. Ithurbide, H. Wang, T. Fassier, Z. Li, J. Pires, T. Larsen, J. Cao, R. Rupp, N. C. Friggens
Summary: In this study, we investigated the variation of milk metabolite concentrations during a short-term underfeeding challenge in goats and found that it reflects the resilience mechanisms to the challenge. Multivariate analysis of the milk measures showed potential for deriving new resilience phenotypes, which could be valuable in breeding more resilient animals.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. F. Ramirez-Agudelo, L. Puillet, N. C. Friggens
Summary: This study aims to develop a framework to represent the links between environmental variables and intake, and predict the effects of the environment on animal performance. By incorporating time as a major constraint and calculating the environmentally attainable intake (EAI) as the product of eating rate (ER) and eating time (ET), the framework can accurately estimate intake under constrained conditions. The results show that a time use-based framework is a reliable approach to predict intake considering environmental variables, with minimal use of animals' characteristics.
Meeting Abstract
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. Gindri, N. Friggens, L. Puillet
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)