☆ 4.6 Article

Superfluids and the cosmological constant problem

JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS (2018)

Journal

JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS

Volume -, Issue 8, Pages -

Publisher

IOP PUBLISHING LTD

DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2018/08/024

Keywords

dark energy theory; modified gravity

Categories

Astronomy & Astrophysics Physics, Particles & Fields

Funding

Center for Particle Cosmology by the University of Pennsylvania
NSF CAREER Award [PHY-1145525]
US Department of Energy (HEP) Award [DE-SC0017804]
NASA ATP grant [NNX11AI95G]
Charles E. Kaufman Foundation of the Pittsburgh Foundation
W.M. Keck Foundation Science and Engineering Grant
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0017804] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)

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Abstract

We introduce a novel method to circumvent Weinberg's no-go theorem for self-tuning the cosmological vacuum energy: a finite-temperature superfluid can counter the effects of an arbitrarily large cosmological constant. Fluctuations of the superfluid result in the graviton acquiring a Lorentz-violating mass and we identify a unique class of theories that are pathology free, phenomenologically viable, and do not suffer from instantaneous modes. This new and hitherto unidentified phase of massive gravity propagates the same degrees of freedom as general relativity with an additional Lorentz-violating scalar that is introduced by higher-derivative operators in a UV insensitive manner. The superfluid is therefore a consistent infrared modification of gravity. We demonstrate how the superfluid can degravitate a cosmological constant and discuss its phenomenology.

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