Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amaya Lopez-Pascual, Paul Trayhurn, J. Alfredo Martinez, Pedro Gonzalez-Muniesa
Summary: Multiple studies have shown altered oxygen levels in tissue in metabolic disorders, suggesting a potential role for oxygen as a nutrient. Oxygen availability may be compromised in various metabolic conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Novel therapeutic strategies may involve oxygen-related adaptations such as intermittent hypoxia training and hyperoxia.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
L. Imeen van der Wal, Chloe C. A. Grim, Michael R. del Prado, David J. van Westerloo, E. Christiaan Boerma, Hilda G. Rijnhart-de Jong, Auke C. Reidinga, Bert G. Loef, Pim L. J. van der Heiden, Marnix J. Sigtermans, Frederique Paulus, Alexander D. Cornet, Maurizio Loconte, F. Jeannette Schoonderbeek, Nicolette F. de Keizer, Ferishta Bakhshi-Raiez, Saskia Le Cessie, Ary Serpa Neto, Paolo Pelosi, Marcus J. Schultz, Hendrik J. F. Helmerhorst, Evert de Jonge
Summary: A low-oxygenation strategy did not result in a reduction of 28-day mortality compared with a high-oxygenation strategy in mechanically ventilated ICU patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andreea-Bianca Uzun, Madalina Gabriela Iliescu, Liliana-Elena Stanciu, Elena-Valentina Ionescu, Rodica Ana Ungur, Viorela Mihaela Ciortea, Laszlo Irsay, Irina Motoasca, Marius Nicolae Popescu, Florina Ligia Popa, Loredana Pazara, Doina-Ecaterina Tofolean
Summary: Intermittent oxygen therapy (IHT) has shown effectiveness in preventing and treating various diseases by combining hypoxic and hyperoxic periods. This therapy has gained attention in sports medicine due to its potential to enhance adaptive response. By upregulating reactive oxygen species and hypoxia-inducible genes, moderate hyperoxia may increase the benefits of intermittent hypoxic stimulus.
Article
Pediatrics
Alicia K. Yee, Leon S. Siriwardhana, Gillian M. Nixon, Lisa M. Walter, Flora Y. Wong, Rosemary S. C. Horne
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the amount of time spent in periodic breathing and its consequences in infants born preterm before and after hospital discharge. The results showed no significant changes in the percentage of sleep time spent in periodic breathing between different time points. Infants who had a high percentage of periodic breathing at 32-36 weeks of gestational age also had a high percentage at 36-40 weeks and 6 months of corrected age.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Catherine M. Ivy, Oliver H. Wearing, Chandrasekhar Natarajan, Rena M. Schweizer, Natalia Gutierrez-Pinto, Jonathan P. Velotta, Shane C. Campbell-Staton, Elin E. Petersen, Angela Fago, Zachary A. Cheviron, Jay F. Storz, Graham R. Scott
Summary: Genetic variants in haemoglobin associated with high-altitude adaptation in deer mice were found to also be linked to breathing phenotypes that enhance oxygen uptake in hypoxia, showing unexpected effects of adaptive variation in Hb on physiology beyond its traditional function in oxygen transport.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Costantino Balestra, Kate Lambrechts, Simona Mrakic-Sposta, Alessandra Vezzoli, Morgan Levenez, Peter Germonpre, Fabio Virgili, Gerardo Bosco, Pierre Lafere
Summary: Physical activity is an effective means of reducing inflammation, and utilizing modified oxygen supply during exercise may significantly modulate inflammatory and immune parameters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sacha Rozencwajg, Silver Heinsar, Karin Wildi, Jae-Seung Jung, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Chiara Palmieri, Kei Sato, Carmen Ainola, Xiaomeng Wang, Gabriella Abbate, Noriko Sato, Wayne B. Dyer, Samantha Livingstone, Leticia Helms, Nicole Bartnikowski, Mahe Bouquet, Margaret R. Passmore, Kieran Hyslop, Bruno Vidal, Janice D. Reid, Daniel McGuire, Emily S. Wilson, Indrek Ratsep, Roberto Lorusso, Matthieu Schmidt, Jacky Y. Suen, Gianluigi Li Bassi, John F. Fraser
Summary: Differential hypoxaemia (DH) is common in patients supported by femoral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) and can cause cerebral hypoxaemia. The study found that increasing ECMO flow can significantly improve cerebral oxygenation and reduce brain injury.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Alicia K. Yee, Leon S. Siriwardhana, Gillian M. Nixon, Lisa M. Walter, Flora Y. Wong, Rosemary S. C. Horne
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the frequency and severity of periodic breathing (PB) in clinically stable very preterm infants. The majority of infants exhibited PB when they were off respiratory support, and the time spent in PB varied greatly between infants and was associated with significant hypoxia in some infants. Shorter duration on respiratory support was associated with increased frequency and severity of PB.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Irene Chang, Karen Thomas, Lauran O'Neill Gutierrez, Sam Peters, Rachel Agbeko, Carly Au, Elizabeth Draper, Gareth A. L. Jones, Lee Elliot Major, Marzena Orzol, John Pappachan, Padmanabhan Ramnarayan, Samiran Ray, Zia Sadique, Doug W. Gould, David A. Harrison, Kathryn M. Rowan, Paul R. Mouncey, Mark J. Peters
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of conservative and liberal oxygen saturation targets in pediatric critical care. It will be conducted in 15 PICUs across England, Wales, and Scotland, with measurements and outcomes recorded to assess the impact of the two targets.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alain Boussuges, Jeremy Bourenne, Farid Eloufir, Julien Fromonot, Giovanna Mottola, Jean Jacques Risso, Nicolas Vallee, Fabienne Bregeon, Regis Guieu
Summary: Exposure to extreme oxygen partial pressures can induce changes in the adenosinergic system, which play important roles in protecting the brain and lungs in high-altitude and deep-sea environments. Increased adenosine concentration helps protect the brain against hypoxia and is involved in the pathogenesis of mountain illness and neurological disorders. It also contributes to the prevention of high-altitude pulmonary edema and lung oxygen toxicity. On the other hand, decreased adenosine concentration during hyperoxic exposure leads to vasoconstriction and decreased cerebral blood flow, serving as a preventive measure against cerebral oxygen toxicity.
Article
Pediatrics
Yunxiao Wu, Leirong Tian, DanDi Ma, Panting Wu, Yufen Tang, Xingran Cui, Zhifei Xu
Summary: The study revealed impaired autonomic nervous function in children with OSA. Low-grade inflammation was found to be an independent risk factor for altered LF/HF ratio in the wake stage. AHI influenced sympathetic-vagal balance during falling asleep.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elisa Damiani, Erika Casarotta, Fiorenza Orlando, Andrea Carsetti, Claudia Scorcella, Roberta Domizi, Erica Adrario, Silvia Ciucani, Mauro Provinciali, Abele Donati
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of different inhaled oxygen fractions on macro-hemodynamics and microvascular perfusion in rats. Results showed that hyperoxia induced vasoconstriction and reduction in skeletal muscle microvascular density, while mild hypoxia had an opposite effect.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chao Chen, Rohit Mahar, Matthew E. Merritt, David L. Denlinger, Daniel A. Hahn
Summary: Metabolic suppression is a key feature of animal dormancy, helping animals save energy. Previous studies have shown that periodic arousal is driven by an increase in aerobic metabolism, with predictable fluctuations in molecules related to energy metabolism during these cycles. ROS signaling regulates periodic arousal by changing the activity of critical metabolic enzymes, suggesting its potential importance in regulating other metabolic cycles during dormancy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Lea Imeen van der Wal, Chloe C. A. Grim, David J. van Westerloo, Marcus J. Schultz, Evert de Jonge, Hendrik J. F. Helmerhorst
Summary: This study compared the outcomes of higher and lower oxygen strategies in adult ICU patients and found no significant differences in 90-day mortality, support free days, and ICU and hospital length of stay. However, a lower incidence of serious adverse events was observed in the lower oxygen group.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haiyang Liu, Zhijian Liu, Yongxin Wang, Chenxing Hu, Rui Rong
Summary: This study investigated the factors affecting the evaporation and dispersion of droplets in an isolation ward using numerical simulation and validated the results with experimental data. The findings indicate that small droplets can be transmitted through the air in the isolation ward, while large droplets quickly deposit due to gravity. Ventilation rate has a significant impact on droplet diffusion.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Craig R. White, Dustin J. Marshall, Steven L. Chown, Susana Clusella-Trullas, Steven J. Portugal, Craig E. Franklin, Frank Seebacher
Summary: Climate change impacts all aspects of biology, causing organisms to adapt or face extinction. However, our ability to predict organismal responses is limited by geographical biases in existing datasets, which do not cover the wide range of climates that terrestrial animals will need to operate in.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Pieter A. Arnold, Steven Delean, Phillip Cassey, Craig R. White
Summary: Individuals with relatively high RMR generally exhibit high fitness, possibly supported by increased energy intake. However, the nature of the RMR-fitness relationship varies depending on specific traits, and there is no consistent relationship between RMR and traits closely linked with actual fitness.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Lukas Schuster, Craig R. White, Dustin J. Marshall
Summary: Research showed that there was positive correlational selection on the combination of metabolic rate and colony size in different environments, but there was no direct selection on metabolic rate itself. Although individuals exhibited plasticity in metabolic rate, there was no evidence that this plasticity was adaptive.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Louise S. Norgaard, Mariana Alvarez-Noriega, Elizabeth McGraw, Craig R. White, Dustin J. Marshall
Summary: The distribution and abundance of disease vectors like mosquitoes are changing due to factors such as climate change, invasions, and vector control strategies. Most models currently ignore the nonlinear relationship between wing length and reproduction in mosquitoes, leading to potential biases in population growth estimates. Incorporating hyperallometric relationships in future disease vector models is crucial for accurately predicting changes in mosquito distribution.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Rodolfo O. Anderson, Craig R. White, David G. Chapple, Michael R. Kearney
Summary: This study examines the relationship between physiological traits in lizards and environmental conditions across different spatial scales and finds that microclimatic and biophysical predictors are more explanatory than macroclimatic predictors for most traits. It discovered that standard metabolic rate is negatively related to maximum temperatures while field metabolic rate is positively related to minimum temperatures. The study suggests that using proximal environmental predictors can offer more insights in comparative physiological analyses and help in understanding physiological evolution.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Heidi D. Horrell, Anika Lindeque, Anthony P. Farrell, Roger S. Seymour, Craig R. White, Kayla M. Kruger, Edward P. Snelling
Summary: This meta-study found that cardiac capillary numerical density and mitochondrial volume density decrease with increasing body mass. The scaling trajectories suggest quantitative matching between the supply and consumption of oxygen in the heart, supporting the economic design at the cellular level. However, the exponent for the maximum external mechanical power of the cardiac tissue decreases at a slower rate, implying a declining external mechanical efficiency of the heart with increasing body mass.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Steven J. Portugal, Craig R. White
Summary: The study found that animal-borne logging devices can impact the body weight and energy budget of animals, and it is important to consider device size and attachment time when using biologging technology.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Emily L. Richardson, Craig R. White, Dustin J. Marshall
Summary: The study examines the growth rate and mass changes during larval stages and metamorphosis across various taxa. It finds support for Werner's assumption regarding growth rates but contradicts the assumption that body size remains constant during transitions. The research suggests that mass changes profoundly affect the timing of transitions, emphasizing the need to consider the impact of mass loss or gain on fitness.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Craig R. White, Lesley A. Alton, Candice L. Bywater, Emily J. Lombardi, Dustin J. Marshall
Summary: Organisms use energy for growth and reproduction, and metabolism, growth, and reproduction are tightly linked, determining fitness. Our model predicts that anthropogenic change will have detrimental effects on the metabolism, growth, and reproduction of animals.
Article
Biology
Madeleine J. De Jong, Craig R. White, Bob B. M. Wong, David G. Chapple
Summary: Environments, especially developmental environments, can lead to a significant amount of phenotypic variation through phenotypic plasticity. This study investigated the multivariate plasticity in response to incubation temperature in a skink species and examined whether there was any effect of covariation among traits. The results showed that different incubation temperatures had distinct effects on the multivariate phenotype, with cool temperatures primarily influencing growth, locomotor performance, and thermal physiology, and hot temperatures mainly affecting locomotor performance and behavior. Despite some broad patterns in the affected trait categories, traits appeared to be independently affected by developmental temperature, and there was little influence of covariation among traits on plasticity.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Craig R. White, Dustin J. Marshall
Summary: Constraint-based explanations have dominated theories of size-related patterns in nature. However, we propose a new theory that predicts metabolic allometry arises as a consequence of the optimization of growth and reproduction to maximize fitness within a finite life. Our theory is free of physical geometric constraints and suggests that metabolic allometry can be explained without invoking traditionally assumed constraints.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Craig R. White, Lesley A. Alton, Candice L. Bywater, Emily J. Lombardi, Dustin J. Marshall
Summary: Froese and Pauly argue that our model contradicts the observation that fish reproduce before their growth rate decreases. Kearney and Jusup show that our model incompletely describes growth and reproduction for some species. Here, we discuss the costs of reproduction, the relationship between reproduction and growth, and propose tests of models based on optimality and constraint.
Article
Ecology
Rodolfo O. Anderson, Reid Tingley, Conrad J. Hoskin, Craig R. White, David G. Chapple
Summary: Climate has a significant impact on animal physiology, which in turn affects geographic distributions. However, the mechanisms connecting climate, physiology, and distribution are not fully understood.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Madeleine J. De Jong, Lesley A. Alton, Craig R. White, Moira K. O'Bryan, David G. Chapple, Bob B. M. Wong
Summary: Incubation temperature has lasting effects on growth, locomotor performance, and metabolic rate of skink offspring. Cool and hot incubation temperatures result in faster growth and larger maximum size, while hot incubation temperatures reduce locomotor performance. Effects on metabolic rate are present in sub-adults, with higher rates in cool-incubated lizards. Additionally, cool and hot incubation treatments result in shorter sperm midpieces and heads.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Craig R. White, Dustin J. Marshall
Summary: Most explanations for the relationship between body size and metabolism are based on physical constraints, which limit their predictive capacity. Contemporary approaches to studying metabolic rate and life history need more pluralism.
