Article
Entomology
Bryan King, Mazie Larsen, Arinze Ikenga, Cheolho Sim
Summary: In diapausing mosquitoes, the protein PDZ may play a key role in cold tolerance and prolonged lifespan, crucial for overwintering survival. PDZ expression level was significantly higher in diapausing adult females compared to nondiapausing individuals. Suppression of the PDZ gene decreased actin accumulation in the midgut and reduced the survivability of diapausing females.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bryan King, Arinze Ikenga, Mazie Larsen, Cheolho Sim
Summary: During diapause in mosquitoes, the oxidoreductin-like protein plays a crucial role in ensuring stress resistance and prolonged lifespan, which are essential for overwintering survival. Inhibition of this protein significantly affects the proportion of degenerating follicles and reduces the survivability of diapausing females, indicating its key role in protecting multiple tissues during early diapause.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Elise M. Didion, Megan Doyle, Joshua B. Benoit
Summary: This study aims to explore the changes in the microbiota of Culex pipiens during diapause and compare the differences between field and lab environments. The study found that the microbiota of diapausing mosquitoes undergoes changes, and there are significant differences between field and lab individuals.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Alden Siperstein, Laura W. Pomeroy, Sydney Robare, Lucas Sarko, Hannah Dehus, Taylor Lowmiller, Lydia Fyie, Megan E. Meuti
Summary: Through observation of mosquito samples in Franklin County, Ohio, it was found that most dangerous Culex mosquitoes were in diapause during the fall and winter, and began blood feeding in the spring, coinciding with the period when West Nile virus transmission occurs.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xueyan Wei, Prabin Dhungana, Cheolho Sim
Summary: By comparing histone methylation levels, we found that the levels of H3K27me2 decrease in the fat body of diapausing mosquitoes, suggesting its potential role in the initial activation of the diapause program.
INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Qiao Gao, Bei Li, Bing-Xin Wei, Wen Liu, Pan Wang, Jia-Lu Wang, Xing-Miao Zhou, Xiao-Ping Wang
Summary: This study revealed that photoperiod regulates male IRS development in H. axyridis through a conserved Met-dependent JH signaling pathway. The results indicate the importance of JH in IRS development and how Met knockdown can affect this process in male ladybeetles.
Article
Biology
Lydia R. Fyie, Hannah R. Tronetti, Mary M. Gardiner, Megan E. Meuti
Summary: Cities are hotter than rural areas due to the Urban Heat Island effect, affecting the seasonal physiology of animals. Increased temperatures induced ovarian development and blood-feeding in northern house mosquitoes, extending their active season but also decreasing winter survival rates.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rody Blom, Maarten J. J. Schrama, Jeroen Spitzen, Babette F. M. Weller, Anne van der Linden, Reina S. Sikkema, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt
Summary: Genomic analyses of mosquito-borne virus outbreaks in temperate Europe have shown the presence of similar virus strains over multiple years, indicating local overwintering. It is unclear how these viruses persist in winter, but diapausing mosquitoes may play a role in their persistence.
Article
Entomology
Lydia R. Fyie, Mary M. Gardiner, Megan E. Meuti
Summary: Urban light pollution from artificial light at night has significant impacts on ecology, behavior, and physiology of plants and animals, potentially affecting human and animal health. Exposure to dim artificial light can disrupt the natural dormancy cycle of mosquitoes, leading to increased reproduction and disease transmission, extending the period of disease risk for urban residents. This highlights the importance of considering artificial light at night in modeling mosquito abundance, disease risk, and surveillance and control strategies in temperate regions.
JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarka Tumova, Matej Milacek, Ivan Snajdr, Magesh Muthu, Roman Tuma, David Reha, Pavel Jedlicka, Lenka Bittova, Adela Novotna, Pavel Majer, David Sedlak, Marek Jindra
Summary: This study reveals that peptidic juvenoids are highly potent and species-selective novel JHR agonists, which can inhibit insect metamorphosis and stimulate ovarian development in adult females.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Julian G. Shepherd
Summary: This review explores the physiology and behavioral events of soft tick reproduction, focusing on the adult stage including mating, sperm transfer, and egg-laying. Although some aspects are similar to hard ticks, the unique feeding behavior of soft ticks has implications for reproduction. Topics discussed include the external mechanism of sperm transfer, the peculiar maturation and mobility of spermatozoa, hormonal control of oogenesis, fertilization mysteries, the role of pheromones in mating, reproductive arrest control, and the vertical transmission of symbiotes. The review concludes by suggesting further research directions.
Article
Physiology
Yu-Yan Li, Jun-Jie Chen, Meng-Yao Liu, Wei-Wei He, Julie A. Reynolds, Ya-Nan Wang, Meng-Qing Wang, Li-Sheng Zhang
Summary: Improved understanding of the regulation of reproductive diapause in Coccinella septempunctata is important for improving shelf-life and mass production. This study shows that the degradation of juvenile hormone (JH) plays a critical role in inducing reproductive diapause in ladybeetles. Knocking down JH degradation genes increased JH levels and promoted reproduction, while the application of a JH analogue reversed diapause program. These findings highlight the importance of JH degradation in regulating reproductive diapause in C. septempunctata.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
H. -Y. Ma, Y. -Y. Li, L. Li, Y. Tan, B. -P. Pang
Summary: The study discovered that topical application of the JH analogue methoprene induced the expression of GdMet in 3-day-old and 5-day-old adults of Galeruca daurica. Silencing GdMet through RNAi inhibited the expression of JHBP, JHE, Kr-h1, and Vg, while promoting FAS2 expression, leading to enhanced lipid accumulation and fat body development, ultimately inducing the adults into diapause ahead of schedule.
INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Hong-Yue Ma, Yan-Yan Li, Ling Li, Yao Tan, Bao-Ping Pang
Summary: Juvenile hormone (JH) signaling has been proven to play a significant role in regulating reproductive diapause in insects. Topical application of a JH analog delayed entry into diapause and inhibited lipid accumulation in G. daurica.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabian O. Ramos, Jimena Leyria, Marcela Nouzova, Leonardo L. Fruttero, Fernando G. Noriega, Lilian E. Canavoso
Summary: The study demonstrates the critical role of JH signaling in lipid storage in oocytes, by regulating the expression of Vg and Lp genes in the fat body and by modulating the expression of LpR and VgR genes in ovaries.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)