Journal
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY
Volume 151, Issue 2-3, Pages 153-156Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.04.010
Keywords
Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin; endothelial barrier antigen; microvascular injury; rat brain
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The epsilon toxin elaborated by Clostridium perfringens type D in the intestine of domestic livestock is principally responsible for the neurological disease produced after its absorption in excessive quantities into the systemic circulation. The fundamental basis of the cerebral damage induced by epsilon toxin appears to be microvascular injury with ensuing severe, diffuse vasogenic oedema. Endothelial barrier antigen (EBA), which is normally expressed by virtually all capillaries and venules in the rat brain, was used in this study as a marker of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. After exposure to high levels of circulating epsilon toxin, there was substantial loss of EBA in many brain microvessels, attended by widespread plasma albumin extravasation. These results support microvascular injury and subsequent BBB breakdown as a key factor in the pathogenesis of epsilon toxin-induced neurological disease. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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