Article
Immunology
Sophie Duerlinger, Christian Knecht, Spencer Sawyer, Gyula Balka, Marianne Zaruba, Till Ruemenapf, Christian Kraft, Poul Henning Rathkjen, Andrea Ladinig
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of a modified live PRRSV-1 vaccine in weaned piglets experimentally infected with PRRSV strain AUT15-33. Results showed that vaccination increased average daily weight gain, reduced viral shedding in oral fluids and tissue samples, as well as reduced the severity of lung lesions.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Yangli Pei, Chenghong Lin, Hua Li, Zheng Feng
Summary: This article provides an overview of the basic infection process, symptoms, immune mechanisms, noncoding RNA, and alternative splicing in PRRSV infection. It emphasizes the significant role of genetic background in susceptibility and resistance to PRRSV and its implications for individual treatment options.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Carissa A. Odland, Roy Edler, Noelle R. Noyes, Scott A. Dee, Joel Nerem, Peter R. Davies
Summary: A longitudinal study was conducted to assess the impact of different antimicrobial exposures of nursery-phase pigs on patterns of phenotypic antimicrobial resistance. Despite substantial differences in antimicrobial exposures, there were minimal differences observed between treatment groups and over time. The resistance patterns remained similar to those observed before any antimicrobial exposures, indicating the likely importance of factors other than antimicrobial exposure at the population level.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lise K. Kvisgaard, Lars E. Larsen, Charlotte S. Kristensen, Frederic Paboeuf, Patricia Renson, Olivier Bourry
Summary: This study evaluated the pathogenicity of a vaccine-derived recombinant Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 strain (Horsens strain) in SPF pigs and compared it with a reference strain. The findings indicated that all vaccinated groups had lower viral loads in serum compared to the unvaccinated group challenged with the Horsens strain. The recombinant Horsens strain showed infection capabilities comparable to or exceeding typical PRRSV-1 strains but with less virulence.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Christine Unterweger, Heinrich Kreutzmann, Moritz Buenger, Eva Klingler, Angelika Auer, Till Ruemenapf, Uwe Truyen, Andrea Ladinig
Summary: In an Austrian piglet-producing farm, various sizes of mummified foetuses and stillborn piglets were observed, and delayed births occurred in more than half of the sows. Pathogens usually associated with these symptoms were not detected, but high viral loads of PRRSV were found, suggesting its potential involvement in this clinical picture.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jessica Proctor, Iman Wolf, David Brodsky, Lizette M. Cortes, Alba Frias-De-Diego, Glen W. Almond, Elisa Crisci, Tatiane Terumi Negrao Watanabe, James M. Hammer, Tobias Kaeser
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy and immunogenicity of a modified live virus vaccine against four heterologous PRRSV-2 strains. The vaccine showed varying degrees of efficacy and immunogenicity, providing cross-protection and inducing a strong immune response and antibody production.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Wenli Zhang, Wenjie Ma, Yu Pan, Xinrong Wang, Mengjie Wang, He Zhang, Junxin Gao, Hongliang Zhang, Zhijun Tian, Changwen Li, Hongyan Chen, Changyou Xia, Yue Wang
Summary: In this study, the susceptibility of Rongchang pigs (a prominent local pig breed in China) to two different strains of PRRSV was investigated. The results showed that Rongchang pigs infected with HuN4 strain displayed significant clinical manifestations and pathological changes, while SD53-1603 infection caused less harm. Additionally, the two PRRSV strains elicited divergent cytokine responses and routine blood indices changes.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Xin-xin Chen, Songlin Qiao, Rui Li, Jing Wang, Xuewu Li, Gaiping Zhang
Summary: By studying how PRRSV evades host immune responses, we can understand that the virus establishes long-term infection through various complex mechanisms, which is a major obstacle in controlling PRRS disease. Understanding the exact mechanisms of PRRSV immune evasion will contribute to the development of novel antiviral strategies.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Tiphany Chrun, Emmanuel A. Maze, Eleni Vatzia, Veronica Martini, Basudev Paudyal, Matthew D. Edmans, Adam McNee, Tanuja Manjegowda, Francisco J. Salguero, Nanchaya Wanasen, Surapong Koonpaew, Simon P. Graham, Elma Tchilian
Summary: The study indicated that co-infection of PRRSV-2 and swine influenza H3N2 virus weakened the protective effect of PRRS modified live virus vaccine while enhancing antibody responses. In contrast, co-infection in non-immunized animals helped reduce viral load and potentiate T cell responses. The upregulation of inhibitory cytokines gene expression in vaccinated pigs' lungs may have influenced responses to H3N2 and PRRSV-2.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Loic Vivien Bocard, Andrew Robert Kick, Corinne Hug, Heidi Erika Lisa Lischer, Tobias Kaser, Artur Summerfield
Summary: This study aimed to understand the nature of innate and adaptive immune responses to PRRSV, revealing differences in regulation by PRRSV-2 strains and MLV. Different PRRSV strains induced varied immune responses, impacting platelet activation, dendritic cell activity, interferon type I, and plasma cell responses. Correlations of BTMs with T-cell responses showed both positive and negative associations post-infection, indicating complexities in immune regulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Qiyun Ke, Kaiqi Duan, Yan Cheng, Si Xu, Shaobo Xiao, Liurong Fang
Summary: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a worldwide prevalent virus that causes significant economic losses to the swine industry. Current vaccines fail to effectively control PRRSV, therefore the development of safe and effective antiviral drugs is urgently needed. Sanguinarine, a natural alkaloid found in many plants including Macleaya cordata, has been demonstrated as a potent antagonist against PRRSV. It targets multiple stages of the viral life cycle and shows promising potential as a novel candidate for anti-PRRSV agents.
Article
Virology
Yao Yao, Sihan Li, Yingqi Zhu, Yangyang Xu, Siyuan Hao, Shuyuan Guo, Wen-Hai Feng
Summary: miR-204 suppresses PRRSV replication by inhibiting LC3B-mediated autophagy, providing a potential approach for developing antiviral therapies and controlling PRRSV outbreaks.
Article
Virology
Pandeng Zhao, Huiyuan Jing, Wang Dong, Erzhen Duan, Wenting Ke, Ran Tao, Yang Li, Sufang Cao, Haihua Wang, Yan Zhang, Yanting Sun, Jinhe Wang
Summary: TRIM26 can potentially be a target for drug design against PRRSV as it can inhibit virus replication and induce degradation of the N protein. Depletion of TRIM26 leads to increased viral RNA and virus yield. The antiviral activity of TRIM26 is dependent on specific domains.
Article
Microbiology
Dike Jiang, Teng Tu, You Zhou, Yanwei Li, Yan Luo, Xueping Yao, Zexiao Yang, Meishen Ren, Yin Wang
Summary: This study investigated the PRRSV epidemic situation in Sichuan province, China, and identified HP-PRRSV as the predominant strain. A new PRRSV strain named SCSN2020 was isolated and characterized, showing high genomic similarity to the JXA1 strain. The study also demonstrated the pathogenicity of the SCSN2020 strain in piglets.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Xuegang Luo, Xin-xin Chen, Songlin Qiao, Rui Li, Qingxia Lu, Rui Geng, Li Wang, En-min Zhou, Gaiping Zhang
Summary: SOCS3, belonging to the SOCS family, plays a critical role in PRRSV infection-induced immunosuppression. Studies show that PRRSV induces SOCS3 expression through the p38/AP-1 signaling pathway, leading to enhanced viral replication and immune evasion strategies.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Teruaki Hirota, Kayoko Yonemaru, Mitsunobu Hattori, Mami Murakami, Hiroki Sakai, Akihiro Hirata
Summary: An 11-year-old female Persian cat underwent ovariohysterectomy due to dilation of the uterine cavity with irregular thickening of the wall. The pathological examination revealed multiple nodules originating from the endometrium, invading the myometrium and subserosa, and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the diagnosis of endometrial stromal sarcoma.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY
(2024)