Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eneritz Lopez-Muguruza, Carlos Matute
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration. Metabolic changes, including mitochondrial dysfunction and alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism, contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of MS. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies to preserve myelin and promote neurological recovery in individuals with MS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marije J. D. Huitema, Eva M. M. Strijbis, Antonio Luchicchi, John G. J. M. Bol, Jason R. Plemel, Jeroen J. G. Geurts, Geert J. Schenk
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. This study introduced and validated a novel standardized method for more precise myelin quantification in progressive MS brains. The method showed excellent inter-rater agreement and reliability in quantifying myelin content in human post-mortem samples.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Gabriel Torres Iglesias, Mireya Fernandez-Fournier, Maripaz Lopez-Molina, Dolores Piniella, Fernando Laso-Garcia, Mari Carmen Gomez-de Frutos, Elisa Alonso-Lopez, Lucia Botella, Beatriz Chamorro, Sara Sanchez-Velasco, Inmaculada Puertas, Antonio Tallon Barranco, Pilar Nozal, Exuperio Diez-Tejedor, Maria Gutierrez-Fernandez, Laura Otero-Ortega
Summary: Using a prospective, observational, and single-center study, we found that extracellular vesicles can mediate the delivery of autoantibodies from peripheral B cells, resulting in demyelination in multiple sclerosis. Additionally, we identified that these myelin antibodies in extracellular vesicles could serve as a diagnostic biomarker for multiple sclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Kelley C. C. Atkinson, Marvellous Osunde, Seema K. K. Tiwari-Woodruff
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with mitochondrial energy production failure. Mitochondrial morphology changes and impaired transport contribute to neurodegeneration and disability in MS. Current methodologies for studying mitochondria in MS only provide a partial understanding, and cell-specific studies in animal models are needed for a comprehensive understanding.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Reza Rahmanzadeh, Po-Jui Lu, Muhamed Barakovic, Matthias Weigel, Pietro Maggi, Thanh D. Nguyen, Simona Schiavi, Alessandro Daducci, Francesco La Rosa, Sabine Schaedelin, Martina Absinta, Daniel S. Reich, Pascal Sati, Yi Wang, Meritxell Bach Cuadra, Ernst-Wilhelm Radue, Jens Kuhle, Ludwig Kappos, Cristina Granziera
Summary: Damage to both myelin and axons in multiple sclerosis is extensive, both in lesions and normal-appearing tissue. Certain types of lesions exhibit more severe damage to myelin and axons than others, and progressive patients show more extensive axon/myelin damage in the cortex compared to relapsing-remitting patients. Myelin and axon pathology in lesions is associated with disability in patients with clinical deficits and global measures of neuroaxonal damage.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Giussani, Alessandro Prinetti, Cristina Tringali
Summary: Sphingolipids play a crucial role in brain development and myelin formation in the nervous system, with abnormalities potentially leading to demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis. Understanding the bioactive molecules associated with sphingolipid metabolism, such as ceramide and sphingosine, may help identify potential targets for therapies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Karina Maciak, Angela Dziedzic, Joanna Saluk
Summary: Remyelination depends on the repair of damaged myelin sheaths, involving microglia cells, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), and mature oligodendrocytes. Short, noncoding RNA molecules, microRNAs (miRNAs), are believed to play a crucial role in the remyelination process by regulating gene expression. Various delivery systems, including extracellular vesicles, hold promise as an efficient and non-invasive way for providing miRNAs to stimulate remyelination.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilias Kalafatakis, Domna Karagogeos
Summary: This review summarizes the regulation of myelination by oligodendrocytes under physiological and pathological conditions, as well as the role of microglia in myelin generation, regeneration, and repair. The beneficial and detrimental roles of microglia in remyelination are discussed, along with the cellular and molecular components involved. Recent findings related to preclinical models using human stem cells for studying microglia in human pathologies and the impact of the microbiome on glial cell functions are also presented.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Chris W. J. van der Weijden, Jan F. Meilof, Anouk van der Hoorn, Junqing Zhu, Chunying Wu, Yanming Wang, Antoon T. M. Willemsen, Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx, Adriaan A. Lammertsma, Erik F. J. de Vries
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate [C-11]MeDAS as a PET tracer for myelin imaging in humans. The 2T3k model was found to be the optimal compartment model, and MLAIR2 was the best simplified method for quantification. [C-11]MeDAS PET can be used for quantification of myelin density in MS patients and is able to distinguish differences in myelin density within MS lesions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Chiara Tremolanti, Chiara Cavallini, Laurence Meyer, Christian Klein, Eleonora Da Pozzo, Barbara Costa, Lorenzo Germelli, Sabrina Taliani, Christine Patte-Mensah, Ayikoe-Guy Mensah-Nyagan
Summary: Research suggests that phenylindoleglyoxylamydes (PIGAs) translocator protein (TSPO) ligands may have therapeutic potential in mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) that mimics primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) in humans. Treatment with PIGA1138 significantly reduced clinical symptoms and improved motor function in MOG-EAE mice, while preserving myelin and axonal integrity. PIGA1138 also inhibited immune cell infiltration, reducing inflammation, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yoshiki Takai, Tatsuro Misu, Kazuo Fujihara, Masashi Aoki
Summary: This review summarizes the pathological findings of MOGAD and discusses unresolved issues. The pathological features of MOGAD are clearly different from those of multiple sclerosis (MS) and AQP4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), suggesting that MOGAD is an independent autoimmune demyelinating disease entity. Further research is needed to clarify the exact pathomechanisms of demyelination and its relation to the clinical phenotype and symptoms leading to disability in MOGAD patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Swesha Chhabra, Sidharth Mehan, Zuber Khan, Ghanshyam Das Gupta, Acharan S. Narula
Summary: This study investigates the role of JAK/STAT and PPAR-gamma signaling pathways in the progression of multiple sclerosis and finds that matrine can exert neuroprotective effects by inhibiting STAT-3 and mTOR and promoting PPAR-gamma expression.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Bridget Shafit-Zagardo, Simone Sidoli, James E. Goldman, Juwen C. DuBois, John R. Corboy, Stephen M. Strittmatter, Hillary Guzik, Ukuemi Edema, Anita G. Arackal, Yair M. Botbol, Emilio Merheb, Rashed M. Nagra, Sarah Graff
Summary: During inflammatory, demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammation and axonal damage are prevalent early in the course. This study found that the insoluble protein TMEM106B, normally lysosome-associated, is insoluble in MS plaques relative to normal-appearing white matter from individuals with Alzheimer's disease and non-neurologic controls. Hypomorphic mice with a reduction in TMEM106B have increased axonal damage and lipid droplet accumulation in the spinal cord following experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Review
Biology
Ilias Kalafatakis, Maria Savvaki, Theodora Velona, Domna Karagogeos
Summary: This review article focuses on the implication of Contactin-1 and Contactin-2 as well as their interactors in demyelinating pathologies in humans. It discusses the organization and function of myelinated axons in the central and peripheral nervous system, highlighting the role of these molecules in myelination. Studies showing the correlation of the two contactins with demyelinating pathologies are reviewed, emphasizing the importance of these recognition molecules in shaping the function of the nervous system.
Article
Neuroimaging
Shannon Kolind, Shawna Abel, Carolyn Taylor, Roger Tam, Cornelia Laule, David K. B. Li, Hideki Garren, Laura Gaetano, Corrado Bernasconi, David Clayton, Irene Vavasour, Anthony Traboulsee
Summary: Ocrelizumab appears to protect against demyelination in multiple sclerosis patients and may provide a more favorable environment for remyelination.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Matthew N. Rasband, Elior Peles
COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN BIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kathrin Doppler, Luise Appeltshauser, Carmen Villmann, Corinna Martin, Elior Peles, Heidrun H. Kraemer, Axel Haarmann, Mathias Buttmann, Claudia Sommer
Article
Neurosciences
Marie L. Bang, Anya Vainshtein, Hyun-Jeong Yang, Yael Eshed-Eisenbach, Jerome Devaux, Hauke B. Werner, Elior Peles
Article
Biology
Veronique Amor, Chuansheng Zhang, Anna Vianshtein, Ao Zhang, Daniel R. Zollinger, Yael Eshed-Eisenbach, Peter J. Brophy, Matthew N. Rasband, Elior Peles
Article
Neurosciences
John M. Dawes, Greg A. Weir, Steven J. Middleton, Ryan Patel, Kim I. Chisholm, Philippa Pettingill, Liam J. Peck, Joseph Sheridan, Akila Shakir, Leslie Jacobson, Maria Gutierrez-Mecinas, Jorge Galino, Jan Walcher, Johannes Kuhnemund, Hannah Kuehn, Maria D. Sanna, Bethan Lang, Alex J. Clark, Andreas C. Themistocleous, Noboru Iwagaki, Steven J. West, Karolina Werynska, Liam Carroll, Teodora Trendafilova, David A. Menassa, Maria Pia Giannoccaro, Ester Coutinho, Ilaria Cervellini, Damini Tewari, Camilla Buckley, M. Isabel Leite, Hendrik Wildner, Hanns Ulrich Zeilhofer, Elior Peles, Andrew J. Todd, Stephen B. McMahon, Anthony H. Dickenson, Gary R. Lewin, Angela Vincent, David L. Bennett
Article
Neurosciences
Nimrod Elazar, Anya Vainshtein, Neev Golan, Bharath Vijayaragavan, Nicole Schaeren-Wiemers, Yael Eshed-Eisenbach, Elior Peles
Article
Cell Biology
Nimrod Elazar, Anya Vainshtein, Katya Rechav, Michael Tsoory, Yael Eshed-Eisenbach, Elior Peles
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Minou Djannatian, Sebastian Timmler, Martina Arends, Manja Luckner, Marie-Theres Weil, Ioannis Alexopoulos, Nicolas Snaidero, Bettina Schmid, Thomas Misgeld, Wiebke Moebius, Martina Schifferer, Elior Peles, Mikael Simons
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Review
Developmental Biology
Yael Eshed-Eisenbach, Elior Peles
Summary: The clustering of VGSC in excitable membranes enhances excitability at critical sites such as the axon initial segment and the node of Ranvier. This clustering is not limited to axonal regions but is also found in other highly excitable sites, organized by adaptor proteins through submembranous actin-based cytoskeleton.
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yael Eshed-Eisenbach, Jerome Devaux, Anna Vainshtein, Ofra Golani, Se-Jin Lee, Konstantin Feinberg, Natasha Sukhanov, Daniel S. Greenspan, Keiichiro Susuki, Matthew N. Rasband, Elior Peles
Article
Neurosciences
Yanqing Zhang, Stephanie Yuen, Elior Peles, James L. Salzer
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Christina Katanov, Nurit Novak, Anya Vainshtein, Ofra Golani, Jeffery L. Dupree, Elior Peles
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Ricardo Scott, Alberto Sanchez-Aguilera, Kim van Elst, Lynette Lim, Nathalie Dehorter, Sung Eun Bae, Giorgia Bartolini, Elior Peles, Martien J. H. Kas, Hilgo Bruining, Oscar Marin
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Netanel Karbian, Yael Eshed-Eisenbach, Adi Tabib, Hila Hoizman, B. Paul Morgan, Ora Schueler-Furman, Elior Peles, Dror Mevorach
NEUROLOGY-GENETICS
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Brivio, Catherine Faivre-Sarrailh, Elior Peles, Diane L. Sherman, Peter J. Brophy