Article
Ophthalmology
Agnieszka Zielinska, Piotr Ciacka, Maciej Szkulmowski, Katarzyna Komar
Summary: The study found that pupil reaction caused by two-photon stimuli was weaker compared to one-photon stimuli, possibly due to weaker stimulation of rod cells. Additionally, in the two-photon process, stray light is not perceived which may further weaken the pupillary light reflex.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Allison M. Cleymaet, Casey-Tyler Berezin, Jozsef Vigh
Summary: Opioids, both endogenous and exogenous, have been shown to modulate the pupillary light reflex (PLR) through mu-opioid receptors (MORs) expressed by melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). This study suggests that endogenous opioid signaling in the retina contributes to the regulation of PLR, with DAMGO slowing down bright light-evoked PLR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yannuo Li, Ioannis P. Androulakis
Summary: The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) synchronizes physiological rhythms and adapts to changes in photoperiod, affecting the phase distribution of neuron activities. Elevated glucocorticoid levels in short photoperiods are associated with peak disease incidence. Topological changes in the SCN network may influence seasonal variations in disease incidence.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
William V. McCall, Sneha Sareddy, Nagy A. Youssef, Brian J. Miller, Peter B. Rosenquist
Summary: The pupillary light reflex reflects physiological arousal and is a potential biomarker for suicide risk. The pupillary maximum constriction velocity (MCV) was found to be a significant predictor in distinguishing participants with a history of suicide attempts from those without.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Manami Kuze, Kazuno Negishi, Toshiyuki Koyasu, Mineo Kondo, Kazuo Tsubota, Masahiko Ayaki
Summary: The study found that cataract eyes retained the post-illumination pupillary response (PIPR) for blue light but not for white light, while pseudo phakic eyes had a greater PIPR for white light compared to cataractous eyes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Frederick Robert Carrick, Sergio F. Azzolino, Melissa Hunfalvay, Guido Pagnacco, Elena Oggero, Ryan C. N. D'Arcy, Mahera Abdulrahman, Kiminobu Sugaya
Summary: The pupillary light reflex (PLR) is modulated by cognitive brain function and can be affected by long-term changes in brain function due to injury. PLR variables such as latency, pupil diameter, constriction velocity, and recovery time show significant differences between subjects with and without concussion history, as well as differences related to gender and symptoms. These differences suggest that PLR metrics can serve as biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and decision making in individuals with concussive injuries.
Article
Zoology
Jean Secondi, Madeleine F. Scriba, Nathalie Mondy, Thierry Lengagne
Summary: Artificial light at night (ALAN) is expanding worldwide, however, its consequences on the visual system and behavior of nocturnal organisms remain poorly understood. This study found that ALAN alters the ability of toads to regulate light at night, reducing their visual guiding behaviors and potentially increasing mortality by predators or road kills at night.
INTEGRATIVE ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yong Sung Cha, Sang-Bae Ko, Tae-Hwa Go, Dong Keon Lee
Summary: This study aimed to analyze whether quantitate pupillary variables are superior to standard pupillary light reflex in predicting neurocognitive sequelae after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. The results showed that quantitative pupillary variables were superior to standard pupillary light reflex in predicting poor neurocognitive outcomes at 1 month after carbon monoxide poisoning.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Xiangyong Yuan, Yuhui Cheng, Yi Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the pupillary response to light in a multisensory context, finding that the oscillation of pupil size induced by light flicker was substantially attenuated when bright light was presented synchronously with tones. This inhibition effect persisted even when the visual flicker was task-irrelevant and out of attentional focus, but disappeared when the visual stimulus was moved from the central field to the periphery.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jian-Jun Meng, Jia-Wei Shen, Guang Li, Chang-Jie Ouyang, Jia-Xi Hu, Zi-Shuo Li, Hang Zhao, Yi-Ming Shi, Mei Zhang, Rong Liu, Ju-Tao Chen, Yu-Qian Ma, Huan Zhao, Tian Xue
Summary: Public health studies have shown that artificial light is a high-risk factor for metabolic disorders, but the neural mechanism by which light affects metabolism is not well understood. This study found that light can rapidly decrease glucose tolerance in mice by activating retinal ganglion cells that connect to the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus. This neural circuit ultimately blocks adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue, leading to reduced glucose tolerance. Similar effects were observed in humans, suggesting a potential strategy for managing glucose metabolic disorders.
Article
Ophthalmology
Xiaoyin Zhou, Hisashi Fukuyama, Takaaki Sugisawa, Yoichi Okita, Hiroyuki Kanda, Yuki Yamamoto, Takashi Araki, Fumi Gomi
Summary: This study investigated and compared the pupillary response between acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), as well as different disease categories. The results showed differences in pupillary response between the acute and chronic CSC groups, and the pupillary response was associated with retinal/choroidal architecture.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Hedenir Monteiro Pinheiro, Ronaldo Martins da Costa
Summary: This study thoroughly reviews publications on pupillary light reflex (PLR) used for aiding diagnoses, focusing on computational techniques and their application in computer-aided diagnoses (CAD) of pathologies or physiological conditions related to miosis and mydriasis of the human pupil. A detailed survey of studies from the past 10 years was conducted, covering electronic devices, recording protocols, image treatment, computational algorithms, and pathologies associated with PLR. The field is continuously expanding with the potential to perform diagnoses with high precision, low cost, and non-invasively.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Eunju Kwon, Deepak Pathak, Pawan Dahal, Sudarshan Tandukar, Hyun Suk Jung, Woe-Yeon Kim, Dong Young Kim
Summary: This study reports the purification of GI monomer and the crystal structure of the GI/LKP2 complex. The crystal structure reveals that the C-terminal of GI possesses a rigid structure formed by stacking hydrophobic α-helices, and the LOV domain of LKP2 binds to the middle region of GI. The results provide structural insights into the regulation of the circadian clock and photoperiodic flowering by GI and ZTL/LKP2/FKF1.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tim Schilling, Mojtaba Soltanlou, Hans-Christoph Nuerk, Hamed Bahmani
Summary: Short- and long-wavelength light have different effects on pupillary responses, providing information about the contribution of different photoreceptors. This study investigated the pupillary response induced by blind-spot stimulation and its effect on contrast sensitivity. The results showed that blue-light blind-spot stimulation increases the pupillary response and enhances contrast sensitivity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Georgina T. F. Lynch, Stephen M. James, Teresa A. Cardon, Sterling M. McPherson
Summary: Automated hand-held pupillometry has shown high accuracy in measuring changes in pupils and has potential for ASD screening. This study found that monocular pupillometry can effectively detect ASD.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)