Article
Neurosciences
Mona Rosenke, Rick van Hoof, Job van den Hurk, Kalanit Grill-Spector, Rainer Goebel
Summary: This study developed and validated a functional ROI atlas of early visual and category-selective regions in human ventral and lateral occipito-temporal cortex. Cortex-based alignment showed lower between-subject variability compared to nonlinear volumetric alignment. The atlas accurately predicted the location of ventral temporal cortex ROIs and demonstrated the utility of identifying category-specific regions in healthy subjects and populations where functional localizers cannot be run.
Article
Neurosciences
Jon Walbrin, Jorge Almeida
Summary: Research indicates that distal functional connectivity is related to high-level representations for various visual categories within the occipito-temporal cortex, showing higher pattern discriminability in voxel sets strongly connected to distal brain areas. This highlights the important relationship between the complex functional organization of the occipito-temporal cortex and wider brain connectivity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Katarzyna Chyl, Francesco Gentile, Agnieszka Debska, Agnieszka Dynak, Magdalena Luniewska, Marta Wojcik, Milene Bonte, Katarzyna Jednorog
Summary: The study revisits the postulated mechanism of neuronal recycling in the ventral occipitotemporal cortex (VOT) during reading acquisition. The results show that while voxels weakly specialized for visual processing maintain their initial category selectivity, they also develop a stronger responsivity to written words. The findings support the revised hypothesis of neuronal recycling. Rating: 7/10
Article
Neurosciences
Yaoda Xu, Maryam Vaziri-Pashkam
Summary: This study examined the coding strength of object identity and four types of nonidentity features along the human ventral visual processing pathway and compared brain responses with those of 14 convolutional neural networks (CNNs) pretrained to perform object categorization. Overall, identity representation increased and nonidentity feature representation decreased along the ventral visual pathway, with some notable differences among the different nonidentity features. CNNs differed from the brain in a number of aspects in their representations of identity and nonidentity features over the course of visual processing. Our approach provides a new tool for characterizing feature coding in the human brain and the correspondence between the brain and CNNs.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Gorka Fraga-Gonzalez, Sarah Di Pietro, Georgette Pleisch, Susanne Walitza, Daniel Brandeis, Iliana I. Karipidis, Silvia Brem
Summary: Number processing abilities are crucial for academic and personal development. This study investigated the visual N1 sensitivity to digits in children at different ages and found that the sensitivity is already present in kindergarten and remains stable until fifth grade. The developmental trajectory of digit sensitivity differs from the trajectory of sensitivity to words or letters, suggesting unique importance for visual processing of written characters relevant to numeracy and literacy.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Xiqin Liu, Xinqi Zhou, Yixu Zeng, Jialin Li, Weihua Zhao, Lei Xu, Xiaoxiao Zheng, Meina Fu, Shuxia Yao, Carlo Cannistraci, Keith M. Kendrick, Benjamin Becker
Summary: Studies have shown that faces with threatening expressions are more easily remembered than non-threatening faces. This study investigates whether this memory advantage persists over a period of more than 1.5 years and which neural systems are involved in this effect. The results indicate that threatening facial expressions lead to persistent recognition over periods of more than 1.5 years, and that the neural activity in the bilateral inferior occipital gyrus and ventromedial prefrontal/orbitofrontal cortex is associated with differential recognition of emotional faces.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaoda Xu
Summary: Human fMRI studies have shown that the content of visual working memory (VWM) can be decoded from the response patterns in various brain regions. The VWM signal is sustained by feedback from associative areas, and during the delay period, the representational geometry in the occipito-temporal cortex (OTC) becomes aligned with that of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) rather than its own perception.
Article
Biology
Magdalena Boch, Isabella C. Wagner, Sabrina Karl, Ludwig Huber, Claus Lamm
Summary: Comparative fMRI in dogs and humans reveals functionally analogous body- and animacy responsive areas in the occipito-temporal lobe of both species and divergent neural representations of faces and conspecific bodies in dog olfactory regions.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca M. Branzi, Clara D. Martin, Pedro M. Paz-Alonso
Summary: The left ventral occipito-temporal cortex (vOTC) plays a vital role in extracting and processing visual features. The functional connectivity of the left vOTC varies according to task-relevant representations and control demands imposed by the task, even when similar visual-semantic processing is required.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas P. Reber, Sina Mackay, Marcel Bausch, Marcel S. Kehl, Valeri Borger, Rainer Surges, Florian Mormann
Summary: A central function of the human brain is to adapt to new situations based on past experience. This adaptation is reflected in behavioral and neurophysiological changes. In this study, the researchers used an adaptation paradigm with visual stimuli to explore potential single-neuron mechanisms underlying these changes. By simultaneously recording intracranial EEG and single-neuron spiking activity, they found a sharpening of single-neuron tuning curves in the amygdala, but an overall reduction of activity in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and parahippocampal cortex.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mingming Zhang, Dong Liu, Shizhe Hu, Xiaoqiang Yan, Zhongchuan Sun, Yangdong Ye
Summary: In this study, a temporal-aware clustering method is proposed for egocentric action temporal segmentation. A self-supervised temporal autoencoder (SSTAE) is used to address the challenge of camera movement and abrupt visual content changes. The proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in experimental evaluations.
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicolae Sanda, Jose Bernardo Escribano Paredes, Victor Ferastraoaru
Summary: This report describes the clinical presentation and imaging findings in two cases of isolated visual hallucinations caused by transient hypoperfusion. The unique attributes of the hallucinated images were recognized through guided perceptual analysis. The impact of hypoperfusion on the attentional and visual networks is discussed.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xuehao Gao, Yang Yang, Yang Wu, Shaoyi Du
Summary: In this article, a novel heterogeneous graph convolution model (HetGCN) is proposed, which captures rich movement patterns from skeleton-based graphs by dynamically analyzing the interactions between nodes and cross-space-time neighbors. Based on HetGCN, two specific instantiations (intra-scale and inter-scale HetGCN) are developed to facilitate cross-space-time and cross-scale learning on skeleton graphs.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Can Zhang, Meng Cao, Dongming Yang, Ji Jiang, Yuexian Zou
Summary: Webly-supervised temporal action localization leverages web videos to train models without manual temporal annotations. The proposed framework and synergic learning paradigm effectively mitigate noise interference caused by web video labels, outperforming existing WebTAL methods on public benchmarks. Introducing tasks like Spatio-Temporal Order Prediction and Warm-up Synergic Training improves spatio-temporal representation learning and action localization results.
IMAGE AND VISION COMPUTING
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yiping Tang, Yang Zheng, Chen Wei, Kaitai Guo, Haihong Hu, Jimin Liang
Summary: Video representation is crucial for temporal action detection, with different requirements for action classification and action localization. This paper proposes a Global-Local Attention (GLA) mechanism to produce a powerful video representation without additional parameters. GLA enhances the discriminability and localization ability of video representation through global and local attention mechanisms, achieving state-of-the-art performance.
PATTERN RECOGNITION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
C. J. Hodgetts, J. P. Shine, A. D. Lawrence, P. E. Downing, K. S. Graham
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Bronson B. Harry, Katja Umla-Runge, Andrew D. Lawrence, Kim S. Graham, Paul E. Downing
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Paul E. Downing, Marius V. Peelen
Article
Neurosciences
Inez M. Greven, Paul E. Downing, Richard Ramsey
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marius V. Peelen, Paul E. Downing
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jon Walbrin, Paul Downing, Kami Koldewyn
Article
Neurosciences
Inez M. Greven, Paul E. Downing, Richard Ramsey
SOCIAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marco Gandolfo, Paul Edward Downing
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Perini, Thomas Powell, Simon J. Watt, Paul E. Downing
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Julia Landsiedel, Katie Daughters, Paul E. Downing, Kami Koldewyn
Summary: This study confirms that bilateral SI-pSTS plays a central role in dynamic social interaction perception, but is less involved when 'interactiveness' is conveyed solely with static cues. Regions in the social brain, including SI-pSTS and EBA, are sensitive to both motion and interactive content. SI-pSTS is somewhat more tuned to video interactions than is EBA, but both regions show a greater response to social interactions compared to non-interactions and both respond more strongly to videos than static images.
Review
Psychology, Biological
Marius V. Peelen, Paul E. Downing
Summary: Multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) has become a powerful method for analyzing functional imaging data, allowing for the testing of cognitive theories in various domains, such as perception, attention, memory, navigation, emotion, social cognition, and motor control. This review highlights the strengths of MVPA in understanding the mechanisms behind human cognition and its ability to test predictions at the item or event level, while also discussing limitations and future directions.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Elin H. Williams, Laura Bilbao-Broch, Paul E. Downing, Emily S. Cross
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Marco Gandolfo, Paul E. Downing
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Marco Gandolfo, Paul E. Downing
COGNITION & EMOTION
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Leah T. Johnstone, Paul E. Downing