Article
Environmental Sciences
Yawei Ning, Guohua Liang, Wei Ding, Xiaogang Shi, Yurui Fan, Jianxia Chang, Yimin Wang, Bin He, Huicheng Zhou
Summary: This study proposes a new approach for verifying deterministic multi-category precipitation forecasts and compares it with traditional verification methods. The results indicate that the proposed approach can better capture the changing patterns of uncertainties with lead times and distinguish the forecasting performance among different forecast products.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antea D'Andrea, Alessio Basti, Annalisa Tosoni, Roberto Guidotti, Federico Chella, Sebastian Michelmann, Gian Luca Romani, Vittorio Pizzella, Laura Marzetti
Summary: Through experiments and neuroimaging, it has been found that alpha and beta oscillations in specific brain regions in humans are associated with the accumulation of sensory evidence and motor preparation, respectively.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elaheh Hatamimajoumerd, N. Apurva Ratan Murty, Michael Pitts, Michael A. Cohen
Summary: This study investigates the brain regions associated with perceptual awareness by comparing neural activity under report and no-report conditions. The results show that the frontal lobe exhibits strong response to visible stimuli in the report condition but disappears in the no-report condition. However, using multivariate patterns, researchers were still able to decode whether a stimulus reached conscious awareness across the brain.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Huan Zhang, Yun Zhang, Linwei Zhu, Weisi Lin
Summary: This paper proposes a deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based algorithm to denoise synthesized videos and reduce temporal flicker distortion. The proposed method analyzes spatio-temporal distortion and models it as a perceptual video denoising problem. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms deep learning-based counterparts and conventional denoising methods, significantly enhancing the perceptual quality of 3D synthesized videos.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ying-Zi Xiong, Shu-Chen Guan, Cong Yu
Summary: This study demonstrates complete cross-modal transfer of auditory and visual temporal interval discrimination (TID) learning using a double training paradigm, indicating the existence of a supramodal representation of subsecond time. Practicing complementary tasks during the same training interval can optimize cross-modal TID learning.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ziling Jiang, Fan Huang, Haijian Shao, Shuiming Cai, Xiaobo Lu, Shengqin Jiang
Summary: In this study, we propose a novel time-varying finite-time control scheme to achieve synchronization of attack-induced uncertain neural networks. Our method takes into consideration various factors that can induce uncertainties in neural networks, and we establish sufficient criteria for ensuring synchronization within a desired settling time. Numerical simulations validate the efficacy of our proposed method.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lluis Hernandez-Navarro, Ainhoa Hermoso-Mendizabal, Daniel Duque, Jaime de la Rocha, Alexandre Hyafil
Summary: The study demonstrates that reactive and proactive responses coexist in rats' auditory tasks, indicating a separation between choice selection and motor initiation. A novel model suggests that proactive and reactive responses are triggered when either Action Initiation or Evidence Accumulation reaches a bound. This challenges traditional models by showing that proactive and reactive processes compete for response generation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Richard Lange, Ankani J. Chattoraj, Jeffrey Beck, Jacob J. Yates, Ralf Haefner
Summary: This study reveals that the confirmation bias in perceptual decision-making is driven by the interaction of hierarchical inference models, which can accurately predict the strength of biases. The new model explains the presence of various bias effects and verifies its effectiveness.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Benjamin W. Wah, Jingxi X. Xu
Summary: This article investigates the impact of network latencies and losses on the perceived quality of online interactive multimedia applications. It presents a formal approach to optimize the perceptual quality of multiple metrics and applies it to case studies on VoIP and fast-action games.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shadia Moazzem, Enda Crossin, Fugen Daver, Lijing Wang
Summary: This study evaluates the environmental impact of two apparel products imported to Australia using the life cycle assessment methodology. It finds that using recycled polyester, recycled cotton, and organic cotton can significantly reduce impact, and changing spinning systems, using more energy-efficient washing machines, and altering consumer care habits can also achieve impact reduction.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Davide Polverini, Nieves Espinosa, Umberto Eynard, Enrica Leccisi, Fulvio Ardente, Fabrice Mathieux
Summary: Decarbonizing the EU energy system is crucial to meet climate objectives, and photovoltaics (PV) are expected to play a major role, according to the European Green Deal and the REPowerEU plan. This paper aims to develop a methodology for calculating the carbon footprint of newly installed PV modules in the EU, focusing on the manufacturing and shipping phases. The implications of these requirements under the Ecodesign Directive are also discussed.
Article
Biology
Matteo Lisi, Michael J. Morgan, Joshua A. Solomon
Summary: Perceptual decisions are formed, at least in part, prior to the preparation of a motor response, according to the findings of this study.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sanaz Nami, Farhad Pakdaman, Mahmoud Reza Hashemi, Shervin Shirmohammadi
Summary: This paper proposes a Block-Level Just Noticeable Distortion-based Perceptual (BL-JUNIPER) framework for video coding, which combines different perceptual information to improve prediction accuracy. By adjusting the quantization parameter based on JND levels and visual importance, better compression performance can be achieved.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Florian Sandhaeger, Nina Omejc, Anna-Antonia Pape, Markus Siegel
Summary: This study demonstrates that the human brain encodes perceptual choices in an abstract manner independent of specific motor actions, even if not required by the task context. These choice representations are invariant to response mapping, distinct from motor signals, and influenced by stimuli, with their strength predicting decision confidence and accuracy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
You-Ping Yang, Xinjian Li, Veit Stuphorn
Summary: Risk attitude in humans is context-dependent, and macaques exhibit similar behavior. Neurons in the AIC encode reference points and reflect loss aversion, and changes in their activity correlate with choice and risk attitude.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Thomas Liebe, Joern Kaufmann, Meng Li, Martin Skalej, Gerd Wagner, Martin Walter
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2020)
Review
Biophysics
Martin Meyerspeer, Chris Boesch, Donnie Cameron, Monika Dezortova, Sean C. Forbes, Arend Heerschap, Jeroen A. L. Jeneson, Hermien E. Kan, Jane Kent, Gwenael Layec, Jeanine J. Prompers, Harmen Reyngoudt, Alison Sleigh, Ladislav Valkovic, Graham J. Kemp, Celine Baligand, Pierre G. Carlier, Benjamin Chatel, Bruce Damon, Linda Heskamp, Milan Hajek, Melissa Jooijmans, Martin Krssak, Juergen Reichenbach, Albrecht Schmid, Jill Slade, Krista Vandenborne, Glenn A. Walter, David Willis
Summary: This article provides a detailed overview of the skeletal muscle phosphorus-31 P-31 MRS methodology for in vivo metabolic research, covering signal acquisition parameters, quantitative assessment of metabolic information, interpretation of potential issues, and requirements for research data, aiming to offer a reliable and comprehensive description of muscle physiology and pathophysiology.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Silvio Schmidt, Sidra Gull, Karl-Heinz Herrmann, Marcus Boehme, Andrey Irintchev, Anja Urbach, Juergen R. Reichenbach, Carsten M. Klingner, Christian Gaser, Otto W. Witte
Summary: Volumetric magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown that intense learning can lead to grey matter volume increases in adult brains. In a study with rats, it was found that use-dependent grey matter increases were primarily associated with swelling of astrocytes rather than other mechanisms, indicating structural plasticity involving synaptic and astrocytic remodeling.
Review
Immunology
Zumrut Duygu Sen, Lena Vera Danyeli, Marie Woelfer, Femke Lamers, Gerd Wagner, Thomas Sobanski, Martin Walter
Summary: Psychological stress and overeating can induce chronic low-grade inflammation that interferes with glutamate metabolism in MDD and insulin signaling, particularly in the atypical subtype.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anders M. Fjell, Oystein Sorensen, Inge K. Amlien, David Bartres-Faz, Andreas M. Brandmaier, Nikolaus Buchmann, Ilja Demuth, Christian A. Drevon, Sandra Duezel, Klaus P. Ebmeier, Paolo Ghisletta, Ane-Victoria Idland, Tim C. Kietzmann, Rogier A. Kievit, Simone Kuehn, Ulman Lindenberger, Fredrik Magnussen, Didac Macia, Athanasia M. Mowinckel, Lars Nyberg, Claire E. Sexton, Cristina Sole-Padulles, Sara Pudas, James M. Roe, Donatas Sederevicius, Sana Suri, Didac Vidal-Pineiro, Gerd Wagner, Leiv Otto Watne, Rene Westerhausen, Eniko Zsoldos, Kristine B. Walhovd
Summary: The study found that self-reported sleep quality and sleep disturbances were associated with thinning of the right lateral temporal cortex, with this association becoming more pronounced with age. Sleep disturbances were particularly evident after 60 years, especially in regions with high expression of genes related to oligodendrocytes and S1 pyramidal neurons.
Article
Psychiatry
Gerd Wagner, Meng Li, Matthew D. Sacchet, Stephane Richard-Devantoy, Gustavo Turecki, Karl-Jurgen Bar, Ian H. Gotlib, Martin Walter, Fabrice Jollant
Summary: This study investigates the neural correlates of suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior, suggesting that suicide attempters exhibit distinct brain alterations compared to suicide ideators, patient controls, and healthy controls. The findings indirectly support the relevance of the transition model at the neurobiological level and highlight the need for further research on the brain bases of suicidal ideas in depressed individuals.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Stefan Schmidt, Gerd Wagner, Martin Walter, Max-Philipp Stenner
Summary: Integrating cognitive models with sensorimotor theories is necessary to understand the subjective experience of compulsive action. The use of intentional binding paradigm allows for concrete hypotheses to be developed and tested under different sensorimotor theories of compulsion. This approach also provides insight into predictive coding accounts of obsessive-compulsive disorder and its implications for human action experience.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
S. M. Seyedpour, S. Nafisi, M. Nabati, D. M. Pierce, J. R. Reichenbach, T. Ricken
Summary: MRI-based mathematical and computational modeling studies can enhance our understanding of cartilage mechanics and diseases, as well as optimize artificial cartilage production. These studies demonstrate the potential for an engineering-level approach to analyze the effects of cartilage diseases on material properties and function.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Daniel Guellmar, Nina Jacobsen, Andreas Deistung, Dagmar Timmann, Stefan Ropele, Jurgen R. Reichenbach
Summary: The application of deep neural networks for segmentation in medical imaging has gained significant interest in recent years. This study systematically investigates the sensitivity of deep learning in medical image segmentation to variations in input data. The study also explores the effectiveness of different data augmentation strategies, providing a useful tool for selecting appropriate parameters for augmentation.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR MEDIZINISCHE PHYSIK
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Nooshin Javaheripour, Meng Li, Tara Chand, Axel Krug, Tilo Kircher, Udo Dannlowski, Igor Nenadic, J. Paul Hamilton, Matthew D. Sacchet, Ian H. Gotlib, Henrik Walter, Thomas Frodl, Simone Grimm, Ben J. Harrison, Christian Robert Wolf, Sebastian Olbrich, Guido van Wingen, Lukas Pezawas, Gordon Parker, Matthew P. Hyett, Philipp G. Saemann, Tim Hahn, Olaf Steinstraeter, Andreas Jansen, Dilara Yuksel, Robin Kaempe, Christopher G. Davey, Bernhard Meyer, Lucie Bartova, Ilona Croy, Martin Walter, Gerd Wagner
Summary: This study investigated functional alterations in MDD patients, finding significant hypoconnectivity within SMN and SN networks, as well as between various networks. Differences in network organization were observed, with MDD patients showing lower network segregation in SMN. Although medicated patients had lower FC within certain networks, network organization differences were not significant between medicated and unmedicated groups, suggesting that network organization of cortical networks may be a more stable neuroimaging marker for MDD.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Meng Li, Lena Vera Danyeli, Lejla Colic, Gerd Wagner, Stefan Smesny, Tara Chand, Xin Di, Bharat B. Biswal, Jorn Kaufmann, Juergen R. Reichenbach, Oliver Speck, Martin Walter, Zuemruet Duygu Sen
Summary: Reproducible resting-state functional connectivity patterns and their alterations have significant implications in neuropsychiatric research. This study utilizes multimodal imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate the correlation between regional neurotransmitter levels and rsFC strength, providing insights into the modulation of interaction between brain regions at a macroscopic level.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Beatrice Steiniger, Ursula Lechel, Juergen R. Reichenbach, Martin Fiebich, Rene Aschenbach, Alexander Schegerer, Matthias Waginger, Anelyia Bobeva, Ulf Teichgraeber, Hans-Joachim Mentzel
Summary: This study compared the image quality and radiation exposure of three different imaging modalities, including high-class CT, mid-class CT, and cone beam CT, in infants. The results showed that high-class CT had the lowest dose but the worst image quality, while cone beam CT had the best image quality but the highest radiation exposure. Mid-class CT was in between. Based on the results, high-end CT should be used for surgical planning, while cone beam CT should be considered for cases requiring the highest image quality.
PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sidra Gull, Christian Gaser, Karl-Heinz Herrmann, Anja Urbach, Marcus Boehme, Samia Afzal, Juergen R. Reichenbach, Otto W. Witte, Silvio Schmidt
Summary: By using MRI and DBM, we examined the structural changes in the brains of male RccHan:WIST rats. The study found that the overall brain volume increased with age, but there were also divergent local morphologic alterations. The visual, auditory, and somatosensory cortical areas showed shrinkage, while the higher-order brain areas such as the ectorhinal, entorhinal, retrosplenial, and cingulate cortical regions were preserved and grew with age.
Article
Neurosciences
Feliberto de la Cruz, Gerd Wagner, Andy Schumann, Stefanie Suttkus, Daniel Gullmar, Jurgen R. Reichenbach, Karl-Juergen Baer
Summary: Recent fMRI studies revealed a close functional connection between the default mode network and monoaminergic nuclei, suggesting a top-down information flow in the resting-state condition where activity in DMN areas influences the production of DA/5-HT. The findings indicate a high variability in latencies, likely due to the resting condition.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)