Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Parkkola, Maaret Turtinen, Taina Harkonen, Jorma Ilonen, Mikael Knip
Summary: Family history of type 2 diabetes may impact the phenotype and genotype of children with type 1 diabetes, as children with a positive family history for type 2 diabetes tend to have features associated with type 2 diabetes at the time of type 1 diabetes diagnosis.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Susanne B. Haga, Lori A. Orlando
Summary: The collection of family health history is important for clinical practice and patient risk assessment. However, family history data often exclude medication history. Early pharmacogenetic research confirmed the role of genes in drug response and with the availability of clinical pharmacogenetic tests, collecting family medication history can inform testing decisions. This paper explores the roots of family-based pharmacogenetic studies, emphasizing the benefits and challenges of collecting family medication history.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yan Chen, Qianrong Wang, Zhiguo Xie, Gan Huang, Li Fan, Xia Li, Zhiguang Zhou
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of family history of type 2 diabetes (T2D) on the clinical phenotypes of patients with idiopathic type 1 diabetes (T1D). The results showed that idiopathic T1D patients with a family history of T2D were more likely to have features associated with T2D and better beta-cell function. The impact of T2D family history was consistently observed in idiopathic T1D patients regardless of HLA genotypes.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giovanni De Pergola, Fabio Castellana, Roberta Zupo, Sara De Nucci, Francesco Panza, Marco Castellana, Luisa Lampignano, Martina Di Chito, Vincenzo Triggiani, Rodolfo Sardone, Gianluigi Giannelli
Summary: Family history of type 2 diabetes (FHT2D) was found to be an independent determinant of NAFLD, regardless of age group, in overweight individuals. The presence of FHT2D led to a twofold higher probability of NAFLD, even after adjusting for major confounders.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Stacie L. Ong, Fahim Abbasi, Kathleen Watson, Thalia Robakis, Alison Myoraku, Natalie Rasgon
Summary: The study found that depressive symptoms are positively associated with a direct measure of insulin resistance in overweight/obese individuals, and this association is moderated by family history of type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Olga Santesteban-Echarri, Danah Sandel, Lu Liu, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Tyrone D. Cannon, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Matcheri Keshavan, Daniel H. Mathalon, Thomas H. McGlashan, Diana O. Perkins, Larry J. Seidman, William S. Stone, Ming T. Tsuang, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Jean Addington
Summary: Having a first-degree relative with a psychotic disorder significantly increases the severity of symptoms, lowers IQ scores, and increases the likelihood of experiencing trauma and abuse in individuals at risk for psychosis.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Norma Verdolini, Silvia Amoretti, Gisela Mezquida, Manuel J. Cuesta, Laura Pina-Camacho, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Antonio Lobo, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Jessica Merchan-Naranjo, Iluminada Corripio, Estela Salagre, Immaculada Baeza, Daniel Berge, Marina Garriga, Miquel Bioque, Catalina Vallespir, Maria Serra, Eduard Vieta, Miguel Bernardo
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of family environment styles and psychiatric family history on functioning of first-episode psychosis patients. It was found that family environment styles and positive psychiatric father's history significantly influenced the functioning of patients with first-episode psychosis. At 2-year follow-up, different family environment styles were associated with varying levels of functioning impairment in patients with non-affective and affective psychoses.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Louisa Gannon, John Reynolds, Martin Mahon, Fiona Gaughran, John Lally
Summary: This systematic review examines the efficacy and tolerability of high-dose olanzapine in treating treatment-resistant schizophrenia. The findings suggest that high-dose olanzapine may be a suitable alternative to clozapine, but larger trials are needed for conclusive evidence.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elena Duschek, Lukas Forer, Sebastian Schoenherr, Christian Gieger, Annette Peters, Florian Kronenberg, Harald Grallert, Claudia Lamina
Summary: The availability of polygenic scores for type 2 diabetes (T2D) raises the question of whether family history assessment might become redundant. This study aimed to assess the independent and combined effects of family risk score (FamRS) and polygenic score (PGS) on T2D risk. The results showed that both genetic information and family history are relevant for predicting T2D risk and could be used for identifying high-risk groups for personalized prevention measures.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Book Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stuart Mathieson
Summary: A multigenerational biography sheds light on a dynasty's impact on science and society.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Johnny T. K. Cheung, Eric Lau, Cyrus C. T. Tsui, Edmond L. N. Siu, Naomi K. W. Tse, Nicole Y. L. Hui, Ronald C. W. Ma, Alice P. S. Kong, Amy Fu, Vanessa Lau, Weiping Jia, Wayne H. H. Sheu, Leorino Sobrepena, K. H. Yoon, Alexander T. B. Tan, Yook-Chin Chia, Aravind Sosale, Banshi D. Saboo, Jothydev Kesavadev, Su-Yen Goh, Thy Khue Nguyen, Yotsapon Thewjitcharoen, Raymond Suwita, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Aimin Yang, Elaine Chow, Lee Ling Lim, Juliana C. N. Chan
Summary: The family history of type 2 diabetes interacts with unhealthy behaviors to increase the risk of early onset diabetes and poor cardiometabolic control. Quitting smoking and drinking, regular exercise, and self-monitoring of blood glucose are helpful in controlling cardiometabolic risk factors.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cecile Monod, Grammata Kotzaeridi, Tina Linder, Daniel Eppel, Ingo Rosicky, Valeria Filippi, Andrea Tura, Irene Hosli, Christian S. Goebl
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in first- and second-degree relatives in women with gestational diabetes (GDM) and the differences in metabolic characteristics at early gestation. The results showed that pregnant women with a family history of T2DM had a markedly increased risk of GDM, and the risk was even higher if both parents were affected. Therefore, family history of T2DM is an important risk factor for GDM.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Christopher Loh, Wilfred Liang, Helen Lee, Astelle Koh
Summary: The study found that a Western-based Multi-Family Therapy can be adapted to work with Singaporean families and was positively received by the participants. Positive changes in family relationships were observed during the therapeutic process, with carers expressing a greater preference for therapists to provide expert advice.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Daisy Lopez, Amy Weisman de Mamani
Summary: This study examined the relationships between family cohesion, mental health self-stigma, and suicidal ideation among people of color with psychotic spectrum disorders (PSDs). The findings showed that family cohesion was associated with decreased suicidal ideation, but this relationship was influenced by the level of self-stigma.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Salvatore Iuso, Melania Severo, Nicoletta Trotta, Antonio Ventriglio, Pietro Fiore, Antonello Bellomo, Annamaria Petito
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of Falloon-based family psychoeducation (FPP) intervention and Gestalt-based family intervention (GT). The results indicated that family psychoeducation based on the FPP program showed significant improvement in treatment adherence and contributed to long-term relapse prevention.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Anna Butjosa, Judith Usall, Regina Vila-Badia, Gisela Mezquida, Manuel J. Cuesta, Elisa Rodriguez-Toscano, Silvia Amoretti, Antonio Lobo, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana Espliego, Iluminada Corripio, Eduard Vieta, Inmaculada Baeza, Dani Berge, Miguel Bernardo
Summary: This study explored traumatic life events (TLEs) in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients and healthy controls (HC), finding that FEP patients had a higher number of TLEs and a significantly higher proportion of individuals with multiple TLEs. There were no gender or age differences observed. Overall, the number and cumulative TLEs should be taken into account in the detection, epidemiology, and recovery processes of FEP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Emilio Fernandez-Egea, Noham Wolpe
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jairo M. Gonzalez-Diaz, Joaquim Radua, Bernardo Sanchez-Dalmau, Anna Camos-Carreras, Diana C. Zamora, Miquel Bernardo
Summary: The present study reveals retinal thinning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, primarily occurring in the inner ring of the macula.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Itxaso Gonzalez-Ortega, Enrique Echeburua, Susana Alberich, Miguel Bernardo, Eduard Vieta, Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of CBT-CC and TAU in FEP cannabis users and found that CBT-CC group showed greater improvement in reducing cannabis use severity, positive psychotic symptoms, and functional outcomes. Early intervention with specific CBT for cannabis cessation may be crucial in reducing cannabis use severity and improving clinical outcomes in FEP cannabis users.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Noham Wolpe, Shanquan Chen, Brian Kirkpatrick, Peter B. Jones, Christopher Jenkins, Rudolf N. Cardinal, Emilio Fernandez-Egea
Summary: Negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as reduced motivation and impaired emotional expressivity, can be influenced by antipsychotic-induced sedation. This study found that sedation adversely affected motivation but not emotional expressivity in clozapine-treated patients. Clozapine also indirectly impaired motivation through worsening sedation, but after considering sedation, it improved motivation. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing sedative side-effects of antipsychotics for better clinical outcomes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nina Treder, Albert Martinez-Pinteno, Natalia Rodriguez, Nestor Arbelo, Santiago Madero, Marta Gomez, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Sergi Mas, Patricia Gasso, Eduard Parellada, Constanza Moren
Summary: Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous mental disorder that affects approximately 1% of the global population. One of the main pathophysiological theories suggests an imbalance between excitatory glutamatergic pyramidal neurons and inhibitory GABAergic interneurons, involving N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAr). This imbalance may lead to excessive glutamate storms, dendritic pruning, and cellular stress, including nitrosative stress mediated by nitric oxide (NO). The administration of NMDAr antagonists has been found to increase nitric oxide synthase (NOS) levels in specific brain regions, suggesting a potential target for early treatments. In a murine model, the protein levels of NOS were analyzed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and ventral hippocampus (HPC) after ketamine-induced schizophrenia, as well as after treatment with clozapine (CLZ) or JNJ-46356479 (JNJ). The findings suggest a dysregulation of the NOS system following NMDAr antagonist administration, which can be modulated by early CLZ and JNJ treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Norma Verdolini, Gisela Mezquida, Isabel Valli, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Manuel Cuesta, Eduard Vieta, Miquel Bioque, Antonio Lobo, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Laura Pina-Camacho, Iluminada Corripio, Marina Garriga, Inmaculada Baeza, Laura Martinez-Sadurni, Byron Bitanihirwe, Mary Cannon, Miquel Bernardo
Summary: This study examined the relationship between obstetric complications (OCs) and clinical phenotypes in patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP). The results showed that OCs were associated with more severe psychopathology, highlighting the importance of OCs in understanding the heterogeneity of clinical presentation in psychosis.
ACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Isabel Valli, Alex Gonzalez Segura, Norma Verdolini, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Daniel Berge, Inmaculada J. Baeza, Manuel Cuesta, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Antonio Lobo, Anabel Martinez-Aran, Gisela Mezquida, Laura Pina-Camacho, Alexandra Roldan Bejarano, Sergi Mas, Philip McGuire, Miquel Bernardo, Eduard Vieta
Summary: Obstetric complications (OCs) are important factors contributing to psychosis risk. This study found that complications of pregnancy and abnormalities of foetal growth are significantly associated with psychosis, while complications of delivery are not. There is no significant interaction between genetic risk and OCs. Different types of OCs may have different impacts on psychosis risk based on their nature and timeframe.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Elias Wagner, Dan Siskind, Peter Falkai, Oliver Howes, Christoph Correll, Jimmy Lee, William G. Honer, John M. Kane, Emilio Fernandez-Egea, Thomas R. E. Barnes, Alkomiet Hasan
Summary: This study conducted an online Delphi survey to develop consensus recommendations for the optimization of clozapine monotherapy. The recommendations include specific treatment options for certain symptoms and management of side effects. The study results provide guidance for clinical decision-making and future research in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Letter
Psychiatry
Noham Wolpe, Shanquan Chen, Brian Kirkpatrick, Peter B. Jones, Christopher Jenkins, Rudolf N. Cardinal, Emilio Fernandez-Egea
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Emilio Fernandez-Egea, Armida Mucci, Jimmy Lee, Brian Kirkpatrick
Summary: This article presents the recent advancements in the research on negative symptoms in schizophrenia, including new concepts, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic options for management.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria Hidalgo-Figueroa, Alejandro Salazar, Cristina Romero-Lopez-Alberca, Karina S. MacDowell, Borja Garcia-Bueno, Miquel Bioque, Miquel Bernardo, Mara Parellada, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, M. Paz Garcia-Portilla, Antonio Lobo, Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez, Esther Berrocoso, Juan C. Leza, FLAMM-PEPs Study
Summary: This study found that prolactin levels decreased in FEP patients during follow-up, and patients treated with risperidone or paliperidone had higher prolactin levels than those treated with other antipsychotic agents. However, no changes in oxytocin and homocysteine plasma levels were observed between baseline and follow-up. Prolactin and homocysteine levels were associated with the severity of psychotic symptoms in male FEP patients, but not in females. These molecules, along with oxytocin, may also be related to cognitive domains in FEP patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Elisa Rodriguez-Toscano, Clara Alloza, David Fraguas, Manuel Duran-Cutilla, Laura Roldan, Teresa Sanchez-Gutierrez, Gonzalo Lopez-Montoya, Mara Parellada, Carmen Moreno, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Hannah E. Jongsma, Marta Di Forti, Diego Quattrone, Eva Velthorst, Lieuwe de Haan, Jean-Paul Selten, Andrei Szoke, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Andrea Tortelli, Julio Bobes, Miguel Bernardo, Julio Sanjuan, Jose Luis Santos, Manuel Arrojo, Ilaria Tarricone, Domenico Berardi, Mirella Ruggeri, Antonio Lasalvia, Laura Ferraro, Caterina La Cascia, Daniele La Barbera, Paulo Rossi Menezes, Cristina Marta Del-Ben, Bart P. Rutten, Jim van Os, Peter B. Jones, Robin M. Murray, James B. Kirkbride, Craig Morgan, Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja, Celso Arango
Summary: Illegal stimulant use is associated with an increased risk of psychotic disorder, particularly in first-episode cases. This study examines the patterns of stimulant use and their impact on the odds of first-episode psychosis (FEP) across multiple European countries and Brazil.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Noham Wolpe, Emilio Fernandez-Egea
Summary: Despite their significant impact on patients' lives and clinical outcomes, negative symptoms remain poorly understood and treated. A longitudinal analysis of the structure of negative symptoms shows striking temporal stability and suggests the existence of several independent domains. This highlights the importance of addressing specific symptom domains in interventions and pathophysiology studies.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ana Costas-Carrera, Norma Verdolini, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Gisela Mezquida, Joost Janssen, Isabel Valli, Iluminada Corripio, Ana M. Sanchez-Torres, Miquel Bioque, Antonio Lobo, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Marta Rapado-Castro, Eduard Vieta, Helena de la Serna, Anna Mane, Alexandra Roldan, Nicolas Crossley, Rafael Penades, Manuel J. Cuesta, Mara Parellada, Miquel Bernardo
Summary: Patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) display larger ventricle size compared to healthy controls. Difficulties during delivery are associated with ventricle enlargement, and this enlargement is most significant in patients with delivery difficulties. The ratio of the third ventricle to the brain is significantly associated with verbal memory. These findings suggest that obstetric complications could contribute to the development of ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)