Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rita Nogueiras-Alvarez
Summary: With the trend towards promoting personalised medicine, the application of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics is becoming increasingly important. Clinical trials that include pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic information can improve knowledge about the effectiveness and safety of new drugs, with a focus on areas such as oncology and mental health. Training in pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics is necessary for researchers and clinicians to properly interpret the data and contribute to better prescribing decisions and patient care, ultimately leading to the implementation of personalised medicine.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Josefine Schulz, Robin Michelet, Markus Zeitlinger, Gerd Mikus, Charlotte Kloft
Summary: This study used microdialysis to assess the concentration of voriconazole (VRC) and its metabolite (NO) in the interstitial space fluid (ISF), in order to evaluate the drug's exposure at the target site and further understand its pharmacokinetics. The results showed that VRC and NO were distributed into the ISF, but at lower concentrations compared to plasma. The variability of metabolic ratios was influenced by multiple dosing and the CYP2C19 genotype. The study also revealed the saturation/auto-inhibition of VRC metabolism.
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Bin Zeng, Ailing Wei, Qiang Zhou, Minghao Yuan, Kelu Lei, Yushi Liu, Jiawen Song, Li Guo, Qiang Ye
Summary: Andrographis paniculata, known as "Chuan Xin Lian" in China, is a widely used herb in traditional Chinese medicine for various ailments. Its main active compound, andrographolide, has multiple therapeutic actions, but there is a lack of systematic summaries on its specific mechanisms, safety issues, and clinical transformation bottlenecks. Further research is needed to fully understand its efficacy and safety.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xiaoli Li, Yuyan Liu, Minhui Zhu, Cuixia He, Yuanyuan Xu, Jiaxiang Ding, Ying Wang, Rongfang Shan, Bingyan Liu, Yuzhou Ding, Jing Xie, Huan Zhou, Zhiqiang Wang, Yuanyuan Liu
Summary: SH-1028 is a third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study investigated the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential of SH-1028 through in vitro experiments and clinical trials. In vitro studies showed that SH-1028 was primarily metabolized by CYP3A4 and had slight inhibitory effects on the activities of CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4 enzymes. The phase I clinical trial demonstrated that co-administration of rifampicin (a CYP3A4 inducer) and itraconazole (a CYP3A4 inhibitor) affected the pharmacokinetics of SH-1028. While SH-1028 did not significantly induce or inhibit human CYPs at the clinically expected dose, interactions with CYP3A4-affecting drugs or foods should be closely monitored during the clinical use of SH-1028. (Clinical trial registration number: CTR20210558)
INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUGS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dora Koller, Susana Almenara, Gina Mejia, Miriam Saiz-Rodriguez, Pablo Zubiaur, Manuel Roman, Dolores Ochoa, Marcos Navares-Gomez, Elena Santos-Molina, Elena Pintos-Sanchez, Francisco Abad-Santos
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of aripiprazole and olanzapine on metabolic parameters, finding that aripiprazole induces less severe metabolic changes compared to olanzapine.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Roberta Roberti, Luigi Francesco Iannone, Caterina Palleria, Antonio Curcio, Marco Rossi, Angela Sciacqua, Giuseppe Armentaro, Ada Vero, Antonia Manti, Velia Cassano, Emilio Russo, Giovambattista De Sarro, Rita Citraro
Summary: DOACs are a more manageable alternative to VKAs for preventing stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and treating venous thromboembolism. Despite their widespread clinical use, there are still unresolved issues on optimizing their use in particular clinical settings.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marwa T. Badawy, Mansour Sobeh, Jianbo Xiao, Mohamed A. Farag
Summary: Androstenedione is a key steroidal hormone that is used as a supplement by athletes to enhance athletic performance and muscle growth, known as "andro", but some of its effects are not scientifically proven and it is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency and the International Olympic Committee.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Paula Soria-Chacartegui, Gonzalo Villapalos-Garcia, Pablo Zubiaur, Francisco Abad-Santos, Dora Koller
Summary: Olanzapine, aripiprazole, and risperidone are widely used for schizophrenia treatment and can induce various adverse drug reactions. The metabolism and individual genetic polymorphisms of these drugs affect pharmacokinetics and drug responses, necessitating consideration of patient genotypes and potential drug interactions during treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Giada Scantamburlo, Charity Nofziger, Markus Paulmichl, Simone Vanoni
Summary: This study aimed to elucidate the pharmacogenetic analysis of the CYP2D family in horses and resulted in the identification of a novel gene structure for CYP2D50, the expression of six different members of the CYP2D family in horse liver, and several novel polymorphisms for CYP2D50 and CYP2D82.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Quan Sun, Jing Leng, Ling Tang, Lijuan Wang, Chaomei Fu
Summary: Indigo naturalis (IN) is derived from indigo plants and has been traditionally used in China for thousands of years. It has shown remarkable therapeutic effects on psoriasis and ulcerative colitis, mainly due to its main component, indole alkaloids, which have anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antibacterial properties.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Joyce Oi Yan Chan, Marie Moullet, Beth Williamson, Rosalinda H. Arends, Venkatesh Pilla Reddy
Summary: Clinical data has shown the importance of understanding the impact of sex on drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Most studies lack sex-specific investigations, leading to a gap in sex-disaggregated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data. Future research should focus on drugs with significant sex differences to improve understanding of the influence of sex on drug responses.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Comfort Ropafadzo Kanji, Georginah Nyabadza, Charles Nhachi, Collen Masimirembwa
Summary: This study investigated the effects of an African-specific CYP2D6 variant allele, CYP2D6*17, on the pharmacokinetics of Tamoxifen (TAM) and its active metabolites. The results showed that individuals with the CYP2D6*17/*17 genotype had lower AUC and Cmax of the active metabolites. The CYP2D6*17 variant may have clinical implications for the dosing of TAM in patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Craig J. Beavers, Jo E. Rodgers, Aaron J. Bagnola, Theresa M. Beckie, Umberto Campia, Katherine E. Di Palo, Tochi M. Okwuosa, Eugene R. Przespolewski, Susan Dent
Summary: In the population of cardio-oncology, drug interactions play a significant role due to the complexity of drugs and potential risks. It is important for clinicians to recognize potential drug-drug interactions to minimize risks in cardiovascular or cancer therapies. This scientific statement provides an overview of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic drug interactions for clinicians treating cancer patients exposed to common cardiovascular and cancer medications.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maarja Hallik, Hiie Soeorg, Tiina Kahre, Ulle Murumets, Mari-Liis Ilmoja, Karin Kipper, Tuuli Metsvaht
Summary: The study found that β1-AR Arg389Gly and GNAS c.393C > T polymorphisms may affect the haemodynamic response to dobutamine in critically ill neonates.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinqian He, Fan Yang, Xin'an Huang
Summary: Biflavonoids, naturally occurring compounds composed of two monoflavonoid residues, have a wide range of pharmacological activities and potential applications in various diseases.