Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gissette Reyes-Soffer, Marit Westerterp
Summary: Genome-wide association, epidemiological, and clinical studies have shown high Lp(a) to be a causal risk factor for ASCVD, largely determined by genetics. Its link to CVD may be driven by pro-inflammatory effects, particularly its association with oxPL and inflammation. Therapies targeting apo(a) to reduce Lp(a) levels are in clinical trials to assess their impact on cardiovascular outcomes.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Eva Munoz Aguilera, Jean Suvan, Marco Orlandi, Queralt Miro Catalina, Jose Nart, Francesco D'Aiuto
Summary: Recent evidence suggests a close relationship between hypertension and periodontitis, with individuals suffering from periodontitis showing higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to those without. The diagnosis of periodontitis is associated with higher systolic blood pressure independently from common cardiovascular risk factors. Promoting periodontal and systemic health strategies may help reduce the burden of hypertension and its complications.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Victoria A. Khotina, Andrey V. Omelchenko, Vladislav A. Kalmykov, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: The VEGF family plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases, and has the potential to be targeted for treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaohan Liu, Peiyi Luo, Weiyun Zhang, Shuxian Zhang, Shulong Yang, Fenfang Hong
Summary: Pyroptosis is a pro-inflammatory type of regulated cell death that is closely related to the formation and development of atherosclerosis. It not only causes local inflammation, but also amplifies the inflammatory response, leading to plaque instability and eventually resulting in acute cardiovascular events.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luca Liberale, Fabrizio Montecucco, Lena Schwarz, Thomas F. Luscher, Giovanni G. Camici
Summary: Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS) and Colchicine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (COLCOT) were the first two randomized clinical trials to demonstrate the effectiveness of specific anti-inflammatory treatments in cardiovascular prevention, confirming the involvement of specific inflammatory pathways in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Other trials targeting multiple inflammasome-independent pathways failed to show benefit, highlighting the significance of balancing the risk of impaired host defense and infections with the prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with residual inflammatory risk.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Piero Papi, Nicola Pranno, Bianca Di Murro, Giorgio Pompa, Antonella Polimeni, Claudio Letizia, Luigi Petramala, Antonio Concistre, Eva Munoz Aguilera, Marco Orlandi, Francesco D'Aiuto
Summary: This cross-sectional study investigated the association between carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) values and periodontal and peri-implant diseases in patients with hypertension. The study found a positive association between mucosal/gingival inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as the presence of carotid plaque. These associations were independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Jiahuan Chen, Huanyu Zhang, Linquan Li, Xinwei Zhang, Dazhong Zhao, Lingyu Wang, Jiaqi Wang, Ping Yang, Huan Sun, Kun Liu, Weiwei Chen, Lin Li, Feng Lin, Zhanjun Li, Y. Eugene Chen, Jifeng Zhang, Daxin Pang, Hongsheng Ouyang, Yuquan He, Jianglin Fan, Xiaochun Tang
Summary: In this study, Lp-PLA(2) knockout rabbits were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to investigate the role of Lp-PLA(2) in blood lipid regulation and atherosclerosis. The results showed that Lp-PLA(2) deficiency reduced plasma lipid levels and protected against cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. Furthermore, Lp-PLA(2) deficiency impaired cholesterol biosynthesis and inhibited the adhesion between monocytes and endothelial cells.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Celestine N. Wanjalla, Mona Mashayekhi, Samuel Bailin, Curtis L. Gabriel, Leslie M. Meenderink, Tecla Temu, Daniella T. Fuller, Liang Guo, Kenji Kawai, Renu Virmani, Cathy Jenkins, Chike O. Abana, Christian M. Warren, Rama Gangula, Rita Smith, Meena S. Madhur, Aloke Finn, Alexander H. Gelbard, Yan Ru Su, Matthew J. Tyska, Spyros A. Kalams, David G. Harrison, Simon A. Mallal, Tarek S. Absi, Joshua A. Beckman, John R. Koethe
Summary: HIV-positive individuals with carotid atheroma show a higher proportion of circulating CD4(+) T-cells expressing the C similar to G similar to C surface marker combination associated with antiviral and cytotoxic responses. These cells can be cytomegalovirus-specific and are also present in the aorta.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Nerea Mendez-Barbero, Irene San Sebastian-Jaraba, Rafael Blazquez-Serra, Jose L. Martin-Ventura, Luis M. Blanco-Colio
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide, mainly due to pathological remodeling of the vascular wall involving different cell types. Atherosclerosis, caused by high blood cholesterol levels and inflammation, leads to plaque development and narrowing of the arteries. Annexins, a family of proteins, have various cellular functions and may play a role in CVD. Understanding their involvement in CVD could have therapeutic implications.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Rita Del Pinto, Luca Landi, Guido Grassi, Nicola Marco Sforza, Francesco Cairo, Filippo Citterio, Guerino Paolantoni, Francesco D'aiuto, Claudio Ferri, Annalisa Monaco, Davide Pietropaoli
Summary: An accumulating body of evidence supports an independent association between high blood pressure and periodontitis, possibly mediated by low-grade inflammation. Periodontal treatment may benefit the blood pressure status and control in pre-hypertensive and hypertensive individuals. Further research is needed to optimize blood pressure management in individuals with poor oral health.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tanyaporn Pattarabanjird, Melissa Marshall, Aditi Upadhye, Prasad Srikakulapu, James C. Garmey, Antony Haider, Angela M. Taylor, Esther Lutgens, Coleen A. McNamara
Summary: This study reveals a novel role for P62 in driving BAFF-induced B1b cell proliferation and IgM(OSE) production to attenuate diet-induced atherosclerosis. Results also identify a direct role for Id3 in antagonizing E2A from activating the p62 promoter. Moreover, analysis of putative human B1 cells also implicates these pathways in coronary artery disease subjects, suggesting P62 as a new immunomodulatory target for treating atherosclerosis.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Gizem Torumtay Cin, Semin Melahat Fenkci, Ismail Dogu Kilic, Halil Serdar Aslan, Cihan Ilyas Sevgican, Hande Senol
Summary: This study investigated the association between severe periodontitis and cardiovascular-ankle vascular index (CAVI) in patients with short-term diabetes. The findings suggest that severe periodontitis may act as an intermediate factor between type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease by increasing arterial stiffness.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Shailly Luthra, Marco Orlandi, Yago Leira, Desta Bokre, Debora Marletta, Roberto Rotundo, Simon Harden, Francesco D'Aiuto
Summary: This study critically appraised the evidence linking invasive dental treatments (IDTs) and acute vascular events (AVEs), and found that patients who received IDT did not exhibit a substantial increase in vascular risk over 8 weeks post treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Hematology
Kai-Uwe Jarr, Yoko Kojima, Irving L. Weissman, Nicholas J. Leeper
Summary: The article summarizes how inflammation-dependent changes lead to atherogenesis and promote lesion expansion and plaque vulnerability, and presents reversible intervention methods. Emphasis is placed on the importance of the CD47 "do not eat me" axis, which has emerged as a novel anti-atherosclerotic translational target.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lucia Scisciola, Vittoria Cataldo, Fatemeh Taktaz, Rosaria Anna Fontanella, Ada Pesapane, Puja Ghosh, Martina Franzese, Armando Puocci, Antonella De Angelis, Liberata Sportiello, Raffaele Marfella, Michelangela Barbieri
Summary: Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease that leads to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for atherosclerosis. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors have been found to have anti-inflammatory effects and can potentially slow down the progression of atherosclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)