Article
Mechanics
Eun-jin Kim
Summary: Information geometry theory is an advantageous method for understanding complexity, allowing us to describe the characteristics of time-varying, non-equilibrium processes by measuring the change in information along the evolution path of a stochastic variable. By linking it with thermodynamic concepts, we can further explain the meaning of information length and information rate, as well as their relationship with entropy production and self-organization.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Markus Rademacher, Michael Konopik, Maxime Debiossac, David Grass, Eric Lutz, Nikolai Kiesel
Summary: This study verifies the validity of fluctuation theorems in the presence of simultaneous mechanical and thermal changes by implementing fast and controlled temperature variations using feedback cooling techniques.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benjamin Kuznets-Speck, David T. Limmer
Summary: Complex systems have the ability to regulate the transition speed between different long-lived states by converting energy from nonequilibrium forces, but currently there is no general framework to relate the enhancement of transition rate to energy dissipation. Recent advances in stochastic thermodynamics have provided a framework that allows for a deeper understanding of transitions far from equilibrium, revealing a basic speed limit that relates heat dissipation to achievable rate amplification. This speed limit is shown to tightly constrain the rate enhancement in various examples of barrier crossings in systems driven by autonomous and deterministic external forces.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Zacharias Roupas
Summary: Louis de Broglie attempted to address the problem of time in quantum theory by introducing sub-quantum degrees of freedom and relying on statistical thermodynamics. His conjecture, along with Mandelbrot's derivation, reveals a connection between energy, temperature, and the quantum time-energy uncertainty relation.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
(2021)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Sourabh Lahiri, Subhashish Banerjee, A. M. Jayannavar
Summary: Work fluctuation theorems are significant achievements in nonequilibrium Statistical Physics, with recent interest in quantum regimes with generalized measurements. Studies show that in the framework of generalized measurements, the original form of the Jarzynski equality is not exact, but deviations are small and can deduce an approximate effective temperature of the thermal bath. In the limit of projective measurements, the exact form of work fluctuation theorems is recovered.
QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Rueih-Sheng Fu, Todd R. Gingrich
Summary: This study explores TUR-like bounds in overdamped and underdamped Langevin dynamics using large deviation theory, offering a new perspective and approach. It is found that current fluctuations achieved by scaling time can provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between current and dissipation in non-equilibrium systems.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Timur Koyuk, Udo Seifert
Summary: This paper investigates the properties of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) in complex systems with many degrees of freedom. By analyzing the entropy production of mixtures of driven particles, an explicit expression for the optimal estimate of total entropy production is derived and applied to driven lattice gases.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Steven J. Large, David A. Sivak
Summary: Quantifying energy flow within fluctuating nanoscale systems is challenging, and coarse graining simplifies system description but introduces hidden contributions that complicate thermodynamics. A thermodynamically consistent theory for describing excess power in autonomous systems is developed, along with a phenomenological framework to quantify hidden excess power. The theoretical predictions are confirmed in numerical simulations of molecular transport and rotary motors.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Cai Dieball, Aljaz Godec
Summary: Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) set a lower bound on the dissipation in nonequilibrium systems based on fluctuations of an observed current. In this study, we prove TURs directly from the Langevin equation, establishing their inherent property in overdamped stochastic equations of motion. We also extend TURs to currents and densities with explicit time dependence and derive a new sharpened TUR for transient dynamics by including current-density correlations. Our simple and direct proof, along with these new generalizations, provides a systematic way to determine the saturation conditions of different TURs and allows for more accurate thermodynamic inference. Finally, we outline the direct proof for Markov jump dynamics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jan Korbel, David H. Wolpert
Summary: This study extends stochastic thermodynamics by relaxing the assumptions of linear Markovian dynamics and Boltzmann distribution for equilibrium. By reformulating the second law in terms of generalized entropy, thermodynamic consistency is maintained, and equations linking the non-linear master equation to generalized entropy are derived. The trajectory-level definitions of thermodynamic quantities are extended to apply even when the assumptions are relaxed, leading to extended versions of the Crooks fluctuation theorem and Jarzynski equality.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Zhiyu Cao, Jie Su, Huijun Jiang, Zhonghuai Hou
Summary: Understanding stochastic thermodynamics of the active Brownian particles system has been an important topic in recent years. However, the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) has not been fully studied for a many-body level. This study addresses this issue by introducing an effective Fokker-Planck equation in a general model of an active Brownian particles system. The effective entropy production has been found to be a reliable measure to quantify the dynamical irreversibility, capturing the interface and defects of motility induced phase separation.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Plati, A. Puglisi, A. Sarracino
Summary: We propose a thermodynamic uncertainty relation that constrains the average squared displacement of a Gaussian process with memory under the influence of unbalanced thermal baths and/or external forces. Our bound is more rigorous than previous results and is applicable at finite times. We verify our findings using experimental and numerical data from a vibrofluidized granular medium, which exhibits anomalous diffusion behavior. Our relation has the ability to discern between equilibrium and nonequilibrium dynamics in certain cases, which is challenging for Gaussian processes.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Takaaki Monnai
Summary: This paper analytically demonstrates that the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) holds for the work performed on an externally perturbed quantum harmonic oscillator interacting with multiple reservoirs in full quantum regime. It evaluates how the noncommutativity affects the thermodynamic precision and explores its experimental accessibility.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
F. Baras, Alejandro L. Garcia, M. Malek Mansour
Summary: The traditional stochastic modeling of reactive systems is limited to systems involving a single elementary reaction. A recent alternative stochastic modeling has been proposed to overcome this limitation, but it is incompatible with the traditional approach. This paper shows that results obtained through microscopic simulations unambiguously support the predictions of traditional stochastic modeling and invalidate the recently proposed alternative.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
W. Dednam, M. J. Caturla, A. E. Botha, E. SanFabian, J. A. Miralles, E. Louis
Summary: Fluctuation theorems allow obtaining equilibrium information from nonequilibrium experiments, with probability distribution functions in small systems deviating from Gaussian distribution. The study uses heat exchange during plastic deformation of aluminum nanowires as an example, showing that the probability distribution function is centrally Gaussian with asymmetric exponential tails, consistent with fluctuation theorems.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jan Meibohm, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: We have discovered a finite-time dynamical phase transition in the thermal relaxation process, which is characterized by a cusp singularity in the probability distribution of the magnetization at a critical time. This transition is attributed to the sudden switch in dynamics, represented by a dynamical order parameter. We have developed a dynamical Landau theory that applies to various systems with scalar, parity-invariant order parameters. Our theory reveals an exact mapping between the dynamical and equilibrium phase transitions of the magnetic model near criticality, suggesting critical exponents of mean-field type. We propose that neglected interactions between nearby saddle points at the mean-field level may lead to spatiotemporal fluctuations and give rise to novel dynamical critical phenomena.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Emanuele Penocchio, Francesco Avanzini, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: This study extends the scope of information thermodynamics to deterministic bipartite chemical reaction networks and introduces a meaningful concept of mutual information between different molecular features. By using this concept, separate second laws can be formulated for each subnetwork, and the working mechanisms of chemically driven self-assembly and light-driven bimolecular motor can be investigated.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Artur Wachtel, Riccardo Rao, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: This article provides a rigorous definition of free-energy transduction and its efficiency in open chemical reaction networks. Central energy metabolism is analyzed to relate the fundamental currents to metabolic pathways and discuss their efficiency in transducing free energy.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Stefano Corra, Marina Tranfic Bakic, Jessica Groppi, Massimo Baroncini, Serena Silvi, Emanuele Penocchio, Massimiliano Esposito, Alberto Credi
Summary: This study presents a theoretical model and experimental evidence for the operation of an out-of-equilibrium photoactivated artificial molecular pump. The relationship between light energy input and the deviation of the dissipative state from thermodynamic equilibrium in this artificial system is quantitatively analyzed.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Danilo Forastiere, Riccardo Rao, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: We investigate the thermodynamics of weakly driven open systems under nonconservative and time-dependent forces using the linear regime of stochastic thermodynamics. By utilizing conservation laws, we differentiate between potential and nonconservative components of the forces, leading to a unified near-equilibrium thermodynamics. Our research reveals an Onsager theory for nonequilibrium steady states, ensuring nonsingular response matrices that are consistent with phenomenological linear irreversible thermodynamics.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuntaro Amano, Massimiliano Esposito, Elisabeth Kreidt, David A. Leigh, Emanuele Penocchio, Benjamin M. W. Roberts
Summary: This article discusses the design principles of chemically fueled autonomous molecular machines, focusing on kinetic asymmetry and the Brownian ratchet mechanism. The authors illustrate how these principles can be applied to molecular design using synthetic rotary motors and kinesin walkers as examples.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Nahuel Freitas, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: This paper proposes an electronic implementation of an autonomous Maxwell's demon that stops working in the deterministic macroscopic limit. However, it is found that if the demon is supplied with enough power, it can continue to operate, albeit with a decreased thermodynamic efficiency. This suggests that novel strategies in nonequilibrium settings may bring nontrivial effects observed at microscopic scales to the macroscale.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jose Nahuel Freitas, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: Investigates a central problem in non-equilibrium statistical physics, which is how to extend the Gibbs distribution to non-equilibrium steady states. By considering open systems described by stochastic dynamics, the self-information of microstates is related to macroscopic entropy production, leading to a new version of the second law of thermodynamics that links deterministic relaxation and non-equilibrium fluctuations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shesha Gopal Marehalli Srinivas, Matteo Polettini, Massimiliano Esposito, Francesco Avanzini
Summary: This paper investigates the relationship between the chemical master equation and its dual equation for stochastic chemical processes. By studying the topological properties of the chemical reaction network, it is determined whether they satisfy the law of mass-action. It is proven that only networks with zero deficiency can satisfy the law of mass-action, while other networks cannot invert the direction of their steady-state reactions by controlling the kinetic constants. Therefore, the deficiency of the network determines the non-invertibility of the chemical dynamics. Furthermore, it is shown that catalytic chemical networks do not have zero deficiency when they are driven out of equilibrium due to species exchange with the environment.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Krzysztof Ptaszynski, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: There is controversy about whether the coherent superposition of occupied states of two fermionic modes should be regarded as entangled, and whether the quantum correlations it possesses are accessible and usable as a resource. The superselection rule has been cited as a reason for why this entanglement cannot be accessed through local operations on individual modes. However, this study demonstrates that entanglement of a two-mode fermionic state can be utilized as a genuine quantum resource in open-system thermodynamic processes, enabling tasks that are forbidden for separable states. Quantum thermodynamics can thus provide insight into the nature of fermionic entanglement and its operational meaning.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jorge Tabanera-Bravo, Juan M. R. Parrondo, Massimiliano Esposito, Felipe Barra
Summary: We introduce a class of quantum maps that can thermalize a system in collisional reservoirs when combined with a dephasing mechanism. These maps describe collision effects, inducing transitions obeying detailed balance and creating coherences that prevent thermalization. By combining these maps with random unitary evolution causing dephasing, we find that a low collision rate leads to thermalization in the system. This scenario is suitable for modeling equilibrium collisional reservoirs, and we provide a thorough characterization of the resulting thermalization process.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Krzysztof Ptaszynski, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: The entropy production in fermionic systems is mostly quantum due to the restriction on allowed measurements imposed by the parity superselection rule. In contrast, bosonic systems allow for a larger amount of classical correlations to be accessed through Gaussian measurements. This distinction suggests a quantum-to-classical transition in the microscopic formulation of entropy production.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Krzysztof Ptaszynski, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: This study investigates the entropy production of an open system coupled to a reservoir initialized in a canonical state. The entropy production is found to be a sum of the mutual information between the system and the bath, as well as a measure of the displacement of the environment from equilibrium. However, when the reservoir is initialized in a microcanonical or certain pure state, the information-theoretic contributions to the entropy production depend on the initial state of the reservoir.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Nahuel Freitas, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: A CMOS-based implementation of an autonomous Maxwell's demon was proposed to demonstrate its functionality at macroscopic scales. The nonautonomous version of the model was analyzed analytically, followed by a study of system-demon information flows in generic bipartite setups. It was found that the information flow is an intensive quantity and scaling the thermodynamic forces can prevent the demon from stopping above a finite scale.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Matteo Polettini, Gianmaria Falasco, Massimiliano Esposito
Summary: Several recent studies have found inequalities that relate the precision of a current to a measure of dissipation in a system. We prove similar bounds for cycle currents, which are stricter than previous ones and applicable even in far from equilibrium situations. Using a simple model, we illustrate our results and discuss the implications of shifting attention from transition to cycle observables.
